keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520017/what-features-of-drug-treatment-programs-help-or-not-with-access-a-qualitative-study-of-the-perspectives-of-family-members-and-community-based-organization-staff-in-atlantic-canada
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Holly Mathias, Lois A Jackson, Jane A Buxton, Anik Dubé, Niki Kiepek, Fiona Martin, Paula Martin
BACKGROUND: Withdrawal management and opioid agonist treatment (OAT) programs help to reduce some of the harms experienced by people who use substances (PWUS). There is literature on how features of drug treatment programs (e.g., policies and practices) are helpful, or not helpful, to PWUS when seeking access to, or in, treatment. There is, however, relatively little literature based on the perspectives of family members/family of choice of PWUS and community-based organization staff within the context of Atlantic Canada...
March 22, 2024: Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519443/drug-use-related-discrimination-in-healthcare-settings-and-subsequent-emergency-department-utilization-in-a-prospective-cohort-study-of-people-with-a-history-of-injection-drug-use
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evan L Eschliman, Eshan U Patel, Sarah M Murray, Danielle German, Gregory D Kirk, Shruti H Mehta, Michelle R Kaufman, Becky L Genberg
BACKGROUND:  People with a history of injection drug use face discrimination in healthcare settings that may impede their use of routine care, leading to greater reliance on the emergency department (ED) for addressing health concerns. The relationship between discrimination in healthcare settings and subsequent ED utilization has not been established in this population. METHODS:  This analysis used longitudinal data collected between January 2014 and March 2020 from participants of the ALIVE (AIDS Linked to the IntraVenous Experience) study, a community-based observational cohort study of people with a history of injection drug use in Baltimore, Maryland...
March 22, 2024: Substance Use & Misuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518063/interventions-for-pancreatitis-new-approaches-knowledge-gaps-and-research-opportunities-summary-of-a-national-institute-of-diabetes-and-digestive-and-kidney-diseases-workshop
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Evans Phillips, Steven J Hughes, Dana K Andersen, Adam Bell, Randall Brand, Gregory A Coté, Adriana Cowdin, Nancy Diazgranados, Vikas Dudeja, Sinead N Duggan, Evan Fogel, Chris E Forsmark, A Jay Freeman, George Gittes, Phil A Hart, Christie Jeon, William Nealon, John Neoptolemos, Tonya M Palermo, Stephen Pandol, Kristen M Roberts, Martin Rosenthal, Vikesh K Singh, Dhiraj Yadav, David C Whitcomb, Nicholas Zyromski
There exists no cure for acute, recurrent acute or chronic pancreatitis and treatments to date have been focused on managing symptoms. A recent workshop held by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) focused on interventions that might disrupt or perhaps even reverse the natural course of this heterogenous disease, aiming to identify knowledge gaps and research opportunities that might inform future funding initiatives for NIDDK. The breadth and variety of identified active or planned clinical trials traverses the spectrum of the disease and was conceptually grouped for the workshop into behavioral, nutritional, pharmacologic and biologic, and mechanical interventions...
April 1, 2024: Pancreas
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518009/efficacy-and-safety-of-xiaofeng-powder-in-the-treatment-of-chronic-urticaria-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chenhao Bi, Yuqi Jia, Fengqin Wei
BACKGROUND: Chronic urticaria is a group of skin diseases characterized by pruritus and/or vascular oedema and belongs to the category of "addictive rash" in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and its aetiology is closely related to wind evil. Antihistamines are often used in treatment. Although they have certain effects, they also easily cause disease recurrence. Xiaofeng powder treats this disease has a significant effect in improving the disease state and reducing the recurrence rate. However, there is a lack of evidencebased research...
March 22, 2024: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517747/a-perspective-on-psychedelics-as-treatments-for-addictions-past-present-and-future
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Nutt, Celia Morgan, Sukhpreet Klaire
This Perspectives piece gives a brief overview on the last 70 years of psychedelic research in relation to the treatment of mental illness with a particular focus on addictions. We briefly precis the work in the 19650s/60s that started following the discovery of LSD. Then we overview research developments over the past twenty years driven by emerging neuroscience on these agents, the rise of MDMA use in psychotherapy and the emergence of ketamine as a treatment for mental illnesses. We then briefly outline new research on the brain mechanisms of these therapeutic effects...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515058/a-qualitative-study-about-explanatory-models-of-alcohol-use-disorder-among-patients-and-relatives-in-a-ugandan-mental-hospital
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanna Rudenstrand, Sofie Bäärnhielm
BACKGROUND: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major clinical problem in Uganda. Explanatory models (EMs) of illness are important as they have consequences for treatment. Clinicians´ knowledge about patients´ EMs can improve understanding of the latter´s perspectives and adapting treatments. There is a lack of African studies about EMs of AUD. The aim of this study was to explore EMs for AUD among hospitalized patients and their relatives at the alcohol and drug unit (ADU) at Butabika hospital in Uganda...
March 21, 2024: BMC Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514181/serotonin-signaling-in-hippocampus-during-initial-cocaine-abstinence-drives-persistent-drug-seeking
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy S Kohtz, Joshua Zhao, Gary Aston-Jones
The initiation of abstinence after chronic drug self-administration is a stressful event. Cocaine-seeking behavior on the first day of the absence of expected drug (extinction day 1, ED1) is reduced by blocking 5-HT signaling in dorsal hippocampus CA1 (CA1) in both male and female rats. We hypothesized that the experience of ED1 can substantially influence later relapse behavior, and that dorsal raphe serotonin (DR 5-HT) input to CA1 may be involved. We inhibited 5-HT1A/1B receptors (WAY100,635 plus GR127935), or DR input (chemogenetics), in CA1 on ED1 to test the role of this pathway on cocaine-seeking persistence 2wk later...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514040/peptide-derived-ligands-for-the-discovery-of-safer-opioid-analgesics
#28
REVIEW
Abbe Eliasof, Lee-Yuan Liu-Chen, Yangmei Li
Drugs targeting the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) remain the most efficacious analgesics for the treatment of pain, but activation of MOR with current opioid analgesics also produces harmful side effects, notably physical dependence, addiction, and respiratory depression. Opioid peptides have been accepted as promising candidates for the development of safer and more efficacious analgesics. To develop peptide-based opioid analgesics, strategies such as modification of endogenous opioid peptides, development of multifunctional opioid peptides, G protein-biased opioid peptides, and peripherally restricted opioid peptides have been reported...
March 19, 2024: Drug Discovery Today
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513068/methoxsalen-inhibits-the-acquisition-of-nicotine-self-administration-attenuation-by-cotinine-replacement-in-male-rats
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zheng-Ming Ding, Elizabeth M Neslund, Dongxiao Sun, Xiaoying Tan
INTRODUCTION: Cigarette smoking remains the leading preventable cause of disease and death. Nicotine is the primary reinforcing ingredient in cigarettes sustaining addiction. Cotinine is the major metabolite of nicotine that produces a myriad of neurobehavioral effects. Previous studies showed that cotinine supported self-administration in rats and rats with a history of cotinine self-administration exhibited relapse-like drug-seeking behavior, suggesting that cotinine may also be reinforcing...
March 21, 2024: Nicotine & Tobacco Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509858/modelling-the-amount-of-inputs-needed-for-methamphetamine-manufacture-in-afghanistan
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bryce Pardo, Alexandre Nobajas Ganau, Irmgard Zeiler
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The use and manufacture of methamphetamine has increased in Afghanistan in recent years. Recent research and reports have pointed to the ephedra plant, which grows wildly, as a key source of ephedrine used in the manufacture of methamphetamine. This paper aimed to estimate the relative efficiencies and scale of inputs required to manufacture methamphetamine in Afghanistan. METHODS: Monte Carlo simulations model of the amount of ephedra or cold medications needed to render a pure kilogram of methamphetamine in Afghanistan, accounting for uncertainty in ranges of key parameters informed from the literature and elsewhere...
March 21, 2024: Addiction
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509704/were-needles-everywhere-differing-views-on-syringe-waste-and-disposal-associated-with-needs-based-syringe-services-programs-among-community-partners-and-persons-who-inject-drugs
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebecca B Hershow, Lauren Love Pieczykolan, Nancy Worthington, Monica Adams, Robert McDonald, Suzanne Wilson, Shannon McBee, Shawn Balleydier, Kathryn G Curran
BACKGROUND: Community concerns surrounding syringe waste are a common barrier to syringe services program (SSP) implementation. In Kanawha County, West Virginia, community opposition to SSPs resulted in the closure of needs-based SSPs prior to and during an HIV outbreak among persons who inject drugs (PWID). This qualitative analysis examines views of PWID and community partners on syringe waste and disposal associated with needs-based SSPs. METHODS: Qualitative interviews with 26 PWID and 45 community partners (medical and social service providers, law enforcement personnel, policymakers, and religious leaders) were conducted...
March 20, 2024: Substance Use & Misuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508714/-tmod2-is-a-regulator-of-cocaine-responses-through-control-of-striatal-and-cortical-excitability-and-drug-induced-plasticity
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arojit Mitra, Sean P Deats, Price E Dickson, Jiuhe Zhu, Justin Gardin, Brian J Nieman, R Mark Henkelman, Nien-Pei Tsai, Elissa J Chesler, Zhong-Wei Zhang, Vivek Kumar
Drugs of abuse induce neuroadaptations, including synaptic plasticity, that are critical for transition to addiction, and genes and pathways that regulate these neuroadaptations are potential therapeutic targets. Tropomodulin 2 ( Tmod2 ) is an actin-regulating gene that plays an important role in synapse maturation and dendritic arborization and has been implicated in substance-abuse and intellectual disability in humans. Here we mine the KOMP2 data and find that Tmod 2 knockout mice show emotionality phenotypes that are predictive of addiction vulnerability...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508102/relapse-after-electric-barrier-induced-voluntary-abstinence-a-review
#33
REVIEW
Kenichiro Negishi, Ida Fredriksson, Jennifer M Bossert, Abraham Zangen, Yavin Shaham
Relapse to drug use during abstinence is a defining feature of addiction. To date, however, results from studies using rat relapse/reinstatement models have yet to result in FDA-approved medications for relapse prevention. To address this translational gap, we and others have developed rat models of relapse after voluntary abstinence from drug self-administration. One of these models is the electric barrier conflict model. Here, we introduce the model, and then review studies on behavioral and neuropharmacological mechanisms of cue-induced relapse and incubation of drug seeking (time-dependent increase in drug seeking during abstinence) after electric barrier-induced abstinence...
March 19, 2024: Current Opinion in Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505138/antineuropathic-pain-management-after-orthopedic-surgery-a-systematic-review
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taylor Harder, Jacob Harder, Gracie Baum, Cameron Cox, Justin Harder, Evan Hernandez, Brendan MacKay
BACKGROUND: The opioid crisis has become a present concern in the medical field. In an effort to address these complications, antineuropathic pain medications have been considered as alternatives to prescribed opioids. OBJECTIVE: This review focuses on the analgesic effects of neuromodulators, such as gabapentin, duloxetine, and pregabalin, that provide room for less dependence on narcotic analgesics following orthopedic surgery. METHODS: During the database searches, 1,033 records were identified as a preliminary result...
2024: Orthopedic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504677/the-effectiveness-of-the-community-reinforcement-approach-cra-in-the-context-of-quality-of-life-and-happiness-among-people-using-drugs
#35
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Muhammad Talha Khalid, Muhammad Tahir Khalily, Tamkeen Saleem, Fahimeh Saeed, Sheikh Shoib
INTRODUCTION: The Community Reinforcement Approach is an evidence-based treatment modality for alcohol and drug addiction treatment with proven efficacy and cost-effectiveness. The present study investigated the effectiveness of the Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA) in the context of quality of life among drug addicts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 inpatient substance abusers post detoxification in Fountain House, Lahore, Pakistan, participated in this study...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504419/explaining-the-high-mortality-among-opioid-cocaine-co-users-compared-to-opioid-only-users-a-systematic-review
#36
REVIEW
Jan van Amsterdam, Wim van den Brink
RATIONALE: The opioid crisis in North America has recently seen a fourth wave, which is dominated by drug-related deaths due to the combined use of illicitly manufactured fentanyl [IMF] and stimulants such as cocaine and methamphetamine. OBJECTIVES: A systematic review addressing the question why drug users combine opioids and stimulants and why the combination results in such a high overdose mortality: from specific and dangerous pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interactions or from accidental poisoning? RESULTS: Motives for the combined use include a more intensive high or rush when used at the same time, and some users have the unfounded and dangerous belief that co-use of stimulants will counteract opioid-induced respiratory depression...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Addictive Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503243/prevalence-of-cigarette-use-and-addiction-among-chinese-females-by-age-and-province-findings-from-nationwide-china-health-literacy-survey-during-2018-19
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Xia, Ying-Hua Li, Yi Liu, Zheng Su, Rui Qin, Zhao Liu, Ying Xie, Zhen-Xiao Huang, Xin-Mei Zhou, An-Qi Cheng, Jin-Xuan Li, Xiao-Wen Wei, Qing-Qing Song, Liang Zhao, Dan Xiao, Chen Wang
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of cigarette smoking among women is significantly different from that of men, however, cigarette use by women is little known. The study aims to describe cigarette use prevalence and patterns among Chinese females by age and province. METHODS: This study was based on the 2018 China Health Literacy Survey (2018 CHLS), a nationally representative cross-sectional study, and our analysis included 43,319 female participants aged 20-69 with valid data...
March 5, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502951/managing-the-dual-diagnosis-dilemma-of-bipolar-disorder-and-substance-abuse-in-clinical-settings
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seyed Mehdi Samimi Ardestani, Masoumeh Amin-Esmaeili, Pegah Seif, Shahrokh S Gudarzi, Maliheh Rafiefarahzadi, Yousef Semnani
Objective : Drug addiction is a chronic mental disorder that significantly impacts all aspects of an individual's life, and substance use disorder in patients with bipolar disorder. The objective of this study is to assess the frequency of substance abuse among patients with bipolar spectrum disorder. Method : This cross-sectional study evaluated the frequency of bipolar spectrum disorder in patients taking methadone through various screening measures, including Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), DSM IV criteria, Mood Disorders Questionnaire (MDQ), Goodwin and Ghaemi's criteria, and Akiskal classification for bipolar disorders...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Dual Diagnosis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502911/withdrawal-catastrophizing-scale-initial-psychometric-properties-and-implications-for-the-study-of-opioid-use-disorder-and-hyperkatifeia
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Orman Trent Hall, Michael Vilensky, Julie E Teater, Craig Bryan, Kara Rood, Julie Niedermier, Parker Entrup, Stephanie Gorka, Anthony King, David A Williams, K Luan Phan
Background: Discovery of modifiable factors influencing subjective withdrawal experience might advance opioid use disorder (OUD) research and precision treatment. This study explores one factor - withdrawal catastrophizing - a negative cognitive and emotional orientation toward withdrawal characterized by excessive fear, worry or inability to divert attention from withdrawal symptoms. Objectives: We define a novel concept - withdrawal catastrophizing - and present an initial evaluation of the Withdrawal Catastrophizing Scale (WCS)...
March 19, 2024: American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502206/does-cannabis-use-substitute-for-opioids-a-preliminary-exploratory-survey-in-opioid-maintenance-patients
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nina Kim Bekier, Ulrich Frischknecht, Katharina Eidenmueller, Franz Grimm, Patrick Bach, Manuel Stenger, Falk Kiefer, Derik Hermann
Various studies showed that people with substance use disorder use cannabis to reduce withdrawal or dose of their main drug. Using a questionnaire about their cannabis use, 118 participants in an opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) in Germany were examined regarding this strategy. 60% reported to use cannabis. Of those, 72% were using cannabis in the suggested way. Cannabis was used to substitute for, e.g., heroin (44.8%) and benzodiazepines (16.4%). We also asked for an estimation of how good cannabis was able to substitute for several substances (in German school grades (1 till 6)); heroin average grade: 2...
March 19, 2024: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
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