Ftm

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An optical tracking system for high-precision measurement of eye position and orientation during proton irradiation of intraocular tumors was designed. The system performed three-dimensional (3D) topography of the anterior eye segment using fringe pattern analysis based on Fourier Transform Method (FTM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The system consisted of four optical cameras and two projectors. The design and modifications to the FTM pipeline were optimized for the realization of a reliable measurement system...

OBJECTIVE: To characterize how the proximity of deep brain stimulation (DBS) active contact locations relative to the cerebellothalamic tract (CTT) affect clinical outcomes in patients with essential tremor (ET). BACKGROUND: DBS is an effective treatment for refractory ET. However, the role of the CTT in mediating the effect of DBS for ET is not well characterized. 7-Tesla (T) MRI-derived tractography provides a means to measure the distance between the active contact and the CTT more precisely...

PURPOSE: Almost two percent of individuals in the United States identify as gender non-conforming. In the female-to-male (FTM) transgender population, masculinizing hormone therapy with testosterone is commonly prescribed in gender transition. To date, the effects of exogenous androgens on breast tissue and its roles in altering breast cancer risk are poorly understood. This study examines the histopathologic findings in gender affirming mastectomy (GAM) in transgender FTM patients and the effects of exogenous androgens on estrogen receptors (ER) and androgen receptors (AR)...

BACKGROUND: The transgender patient population is expanding, and gender affirming surgery (GAS) volume is increasing. Accurate, comprehensive, and easily navigable resources on GAS are lacking. We aim to evaluate the readability of online materials for specific gender affirming surgical procedures to identify mechanisms of improving information access for transgender patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: "Facial feminization", "facial masculinization", "MTF breast augmentation", "FTM chest masculinization", "MTF vaginoplasty", "metoidioplasty", and "FTM phalloplasty" were searched on Google...

INTRODUCTION: Tremor is a disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS), with limited treatment modalities. Thalamic ventral-intermediate-nucleus (VIM) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a method of neuromodulation. We describe the long-term outcomes of our carefully selected patients who underwent VIM DBS for their MS-associated tremor. METHODS: Patients were referred from the regional neurology units. Pre-operative assessments included suitability for anesthesia, tremor quantification by the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin scores, and quality-of-life (EQ5D) measures...

BACKGROUND: Thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) is established for medically refractory tremor syndromes and globus pallidus stimulation (GPi-DBS) for medically refractory dystonia syndromes. For combined tremor and dystonia syndromes, the best target is unclear. OBJECTIVES: We present four patients with two different profiles whose clinical course demonstrates that our current analysis of clinical symptomatology is not a sufficient predictor of surgical success...

In near-infrared (NIR) polymer phototransistors, the photoresponse is proportional to the turn-on voltage shift (Δ V th ). Due to the narrow band gap of NIR polymers, the Δ V th value is usually small. However, the use of a single bulk heterojunction (BHJ) layer has a minimal effect on increasing the value of Δ V th . This is because doping with high concentrations of acceptors results in strong current traps and accelerates electron/hole recombination. In this work, a new strategy is proposed to control the recombination of electrons/holes...

Depositing plastic waste has long been a prevalent method of utilization, persisting today. Plastic waste within municipal waste landfills (MWL) undergoes diverse (bio-)degradation processes, which may be a potential source of chemicals and microorganisms harmful to the environment and human health. Soil and air samples were collected from modern MWL to identify environmental contamination caused by 5 years of plastic (bio-)degradation. The pH of soil samples was higher than in the reference area (RA), which was possibly caused by alterations in soil anionic composition detected with ion chromatography...

OBJECTIVE: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), also known as Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), is a rare neurodegenerative disease for which there is no specific treatment. Very few cases have been treated with single-target deep brain stimulation (DBS), and the results were not satisfactory. We applied multi-target DBS to an SCA3/MJD patient and performed positron emission computed tomography (PET) before and after DBS to explore the short-term clinical therapeutic effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 26-year-old right-hand-dominant female with a family history of SCA3/MJD suffered from cerebellar ataxia and dystonia...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to the thalamus is an ablative technique used for treatment of refractory tremor of essential or Parkinsonian origin. Because of the high dose, small target, and required precision, framed SRS on the Gamma Knife has been the historical platform of choice. We tested our recently developed technique to emulate GK dose distributions on a multi-leaf collimator (MLC)-equipped linear accelerator (LINAC) without cumbersome, inefficient cones in a prospective trial of safety and efficacy...

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive impairment (CI) remains controversial, and no research has been done to explore the effect of lean-to-fat (L/F) tissue ratio on the risk of CI in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) so far. This study aimed to explore the effect of L/F tissue ratio on the risk of incident CI in patients undergoing MHD. METHODS: In this observational cohort study, 3356 patients were recruited and followed up for a median of 2 years...

Devices such as inflatable penile prostheses (IPP) can be used to achieve erectile rigidity after phalloplasty in assigned female at birth (AFAB) individuals. The approach to inserting an IPP in a neophallus is different and more challenging compared to that of an anatomical penis due to the absence of anatomical structures such as the corpora cavernosa, and the more tenuous blood supply of the neophallus and reconstructed urethra. In addition, the ideal surgical techniques and devices for use in the neophallus have not been defined...

BACKGROUND: Iron is an essential metal element for organisms, whose metabolism is regulated by many genes and also dietary iron sources. However, the characterization, distribution and the responses of iron metabolism-related genes to different iron sources were not clear in fish. METHODS: The full-length cDNA sequences of fifteen iron metabolism-relevant genes (tf, tfr1, hp, fpn1, ho1, ho2, tfr2, hjv, hepcidin, fth, ftl, ftm, irp1, irp2 and hif2α.) were obtained via 3' and 5' RACE PCR from yellow catfish, a widely distributed freshwater teleost in China and other Asian countries...

INTRODUCTION: Most of the time, female-to-male (FtoM) chest surgery involves mastectomy techniques and free transplantation of the nipple-areola complex. With the increasing prevalence of gender dysphoria and the demand for female-to-male gender reassignment surgery, the need for FtM top surgery is also rising. To meet this demand, we present a new approach: the PIPe technique, based on a fasciocutaneous flap with a posteroinferior pedicle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients with FtoM gender dysphoria undergoing surgery using the posteroinferior pedicle flap technique in the Plastic Surgery Department at Rennes University Hospital Center were included...

It is extremely challenging to formulate age-appropriate flucloxacillin medicines for young children, because flucloxacillin sodium (FS) has a lingering, highly bitter taste, dissolves quickly in saliva, and requires multiple daily dosing at relatively large doses for treating skin infections. In this paper, we describe a promising taste-masked flucloxacillin ternary microparticle (FTM) formulation comprising FS, Eudragit EPO (EE), and palmitic acid (PA). To preserve the stability of the thermolabile and readily hydrolysed flucloxacillin, the fabrication process employed a non-aqueous solvent evaporation method at ambient temperature...

Cell-based therapeutics are promising interventions to repair ischemic cardiac tissue. However, no single cell type has yet been found to be both specialized and versatile enough to heal the heart. The synergistic effects of two regenerative cell types including endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) and first-trimester human umbilical cord perivascular cells (FTM HUCPVC) with endothelial cell and pericyte properties respectively, on angiogenic and regenerative properties were tested in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI), in vitro tube formation and Matrigel plug assay...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and childhood abuse in transgender people and the mediating effect of emotional dysregulation traits in the association between childhood abuse and non-suicidal self-injury. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From May to October 2021, 296 female-to-male (FTM) and 675 male-to-females (MTF), with age of 24.5 ± 6.4 years, were recruited using peer-driven sampling and anonymous questionnaires in Guangdong Province...

The malleable penile implant is often considered an inferior device to the three-piece inflatable penile prosthesis implant. Nonetheless, the malleable prosthesis has its unique advantages such as lower cost, easier to perform and fewer mechanical complications than inflatable prostheses. Furthermore, its role can be extended to patients with issues relating to poor manual hand dexterity, those undergoing a salvage for infection prosthesis and as an emergency surgical measure in patients presenting with acute ischaemic priapism...

The disease status, progression, and treatment effect of essential tremor (ET) patients are currently assessed with clinical scores, such as the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor (FTM). The use of objective and rater-independent monitoring of tremors may improve clinical care for patients with ET. Therefore, the focus of this study is to develop an objective accelerometry-based method to quantify ET, based on FTM criteria. Thirteen patients with ET and thirteen matched healthy participants underwent FTM tests to rate tremor severity, paired with tri-axial accelerometric measurements at the index fingers...

Oftentimes ignored or infrequently expressed, some transgender persons harbor a desire for parenthood. Given the evolution of medical techniques and the enacting of legislative reforms, it is henceforth possible to propose fertility preservation strategies in the overall context of gender transidentity. During the "female to male" (FtM) transition pathway, androgen therapy has an impact on gonadic function, generally inducing blockage of the ovarian function, with amenorrhea. Even though these events may be reversed on cessation of treatment, the possible long-term effects on future fertility and on the health of children yet to be born are little known...