Noninvasive fat reduction

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Several agents are under investigation for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We assessed the comparative efficacy of pharmacologic interventions for patients with NAFLD focusing on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers. METHODS: We searched Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL. We included randomized controlled trials of more than 12 weeks of intervention that recruited patients with biopsy-confirmed or MRI-confirmed NAFLD and assessed the efficacy of interventions on liver fat content (LFC) and fibrosis by means of MRI...

Cryolipolysis (CL) is a noninvasive technique that uses applicators to cool tissue to temperatures that selectively destroy adipocytes. Since its introduction to the market, it has rapidly become one of the leading non-surgical modalities to reduce fat in the aesthetic industry. Paradoxical Adipose Hyperplasia (PAH) is an adverse reaction to CL, whereby there is initial reduction in fat volume, followed by abnormal fat growth exceeding the original volume in the treated area. The incidence of PAH is thought to be underreported, and its pathophysiology and management remains unclear...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: In phase 2 studies, efruxifermin, an Fc-FGF21 analog, significantly reduced steatohepatitis and fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), now called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), for which there is no approved treatment. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are prevalent among patients with MASH and increasingly treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs). This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of efruxifermin in patients with MASH, fibrosis, and T2D taking a GLP-1RA...

Excess fat accumulation is not only associated with metabolic diseases but also negatively impacts physical appearance and emotional well-being. Bile acid, the body's natural emulsifier, is one of the few FDA-approved noninvasive therapeutic options for double chin (submental fat) reduction. Synthetic sodium deoxycholic acid (NaDCA) causes adipose cell lysis; however, its side effects include inflammation, bruising, and necrosis. Therefore, we investigated if an endogenous bile acid, chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), a well-known signaling molecule, can be beneficial without many of the untoward effects...

Given the widespread occurrence of obesity, new strategies are urgently needed to prevent, halt and reverse this condition. We proposed a noninvasive neurostimulation tool, ultrasound deep brain stimulation (UDBS), which can specifically modulate the hypothalamus and effectively regulate food intake and body weight in mice. Fifteen-min UDBS of hypothalamus decreased 41.4% food intake within 2 hours. Prolonged 1-hour UDBS significantly decreased daily food intake lasting 4 days. UDBS also effectively restrained body weight gain in leptin-receptor knockout mice (Sham: 96...

BACKGROUND: Studies of predominantly White participants show that cryolipolysis reduces subcutaneous fat in the arms and inner thighs, but none have specifically tested for similar outcomes in participants of Chinese descent. OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of cryolipolysis treatment for noninvasive subcutaneous fat reduction of arms and inner thighs in participants of Chinese descent to assess equivalence to results seen in a prior study of White participants...

Atherosclerosis is a key risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), which reflects vascular reactivity, as well as pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx), both markers of arterial stiffness, have emerged as noninvasive, subclinical atherosclerotic markers for the early stages of altered vascular function. In addition to the long-term effects of diet, postprandial processes have been identified as important determinants of CVD risk, and evidence suggests an acute effect of fat quantity and fatty acid (FA) composition on vascular function...

BACKGROUND: Lipedema is a chronic inflammatory subcutaneous adipose-rich connective tissue disease affecting millions of women worldwide. Disproportionate fat accumulation on the extremities characterized by heaviness, tenderness, and swelling can affect function, mobility, and quality of life. Treatments include conservative measures and lipedema reduction surgery (LRS). Here, we report lipedema comorbidities and surgical techniques, outcomes measures, and complications after LRS. METHODS: This is a single outpatient clinic retrospective chart review case series of comorbidities and complications in 189 women with lipedema...

BACKGROUND: The clinical application of coronary MR angiography (MRA) combining diastole and systole imaging has never been described comprehensively in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. We aimed to design an optimal non-contrast coronary MRA scan protocol combining diastolic and systolic imaging and to (1) evaluate its diagnostic performance for detecting significant coronary stenosis; (2) evaluate the feasibility of this protocol to noninvasively measure the coronary distensibility index (CDI)...

BACKGROUND: Cryolipolysis, also known as fat freezing, is a nonsurgical technique specialized for localized fat reduction. Utilizing targeted cold exposure to adipose tissue, cryolipolysis devices induce cellular apoptosis in adipocytes while sparing surrounding tissues, resulting in the selective disruption of fat cells and subsequent removal of damaged cells by macrophages. A reduction of the fat layer produces a noninvasive cosmetic benefit that provides an accessible alternative to liposuction...

BACKGROUND: Cryolipolysis has revolutionized the field of cosmetic dermatology as a nonsurgical procedure, utilizing controlled cooling to selectively destroy fat cells. AIMS AND METHODS: This review article will focus on the future prospects of cryolipolysis, considering advancements in current technology as well as innovations that hold promise for the future. We will explore emerging trends in cryolipolysis, considering novel applicator designs, combination therapies, an innovative injectable treatment approach, and the evolving role of this technology in the field of cosmetic dermatology...

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive body contouring is becoming more popular in the United States as an alternative to liposuction. The most popular of these methods, cryolipolysis, uses precisely controlled cooling to reduce focal adiposities. The number of cryolipolysis procedures performed annually has experienced rampant growth in United States markets, and the indications have likewise diversified. In light of this change, it is imperative to perform an updated review of available US safety and efficacy data on cryolipolysis...

BACKGROUND: Obesity and excess body fat are known health issues and a major aesthetic concern. Numerous modalities have been developed to address unwanted deposits of adiposity, including the development of various noninvasive methods overcoming the limitations and risks of invasive alternatives. Cryoadipolysis, also known commonly as cryolipolysis, involves the harnessing of selective cryolysis, the selective cold-based damaging of subcutaneous fat cells which die via apoptosis, and are removed naturally by the body over time...

BACKGROUND: Cryolipolysis is a noninvasive procedure for localized fat reduction and body contouring. This technique utilizes controlled cooling to induce adipocyte apoptosis without damage to overlying skin and other tissue. Although the procedure was once thought to be relatively harmless, recent studies have shed light on the risks of adverse effects (AEs). AIMS: The aim of this article was to review AEs in cryolipolysis as published in clinical data. METHODS: A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, using relevant keywords such as "cryolipolysis," "CoolSculpting," "adverse effects," "complications," and "side effects" with no set data range...

BACKGROUND: The lack of functional dystrophin protein in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) causes chronic skeletal muscle inflammation and degeneration. Therefore, the restoration of functional dystrophin levels is a fundamental approach for DMD therapy. Electrical impedance myography (EIM) is an emerging tool that provides noninvasive monitoring of muscle conditions and has been suggested as a treatment response biomarker in diverse indications. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of skeletal muscles has become a standard measurement in clinical trials for DMD, EIM offers distinct advantages, such as portability, user-friendliness, and reduced cost, allowing for remote monitoring of disease progression or response to therapy...

This review focuses on providing physicians with insights into the complex relationship between bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) and bone health, in the context of weight loss through caloric restriction or metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), in people living with obesity (PwO). We summarize the complex relationship between BMAT and bone health, provide an overview of noninvasive imaging techniques to quantify human BMAT, and discuss clinical studies measuring BMAT in PwO before and after weight loss. The relationship between BMAT and bone is subject to variations based on factors such as age, sex, menopausal status, skeletal sites, nutritional status, and metabolic conditions...

BACKGROUND: Emsculpt Neo (EmSculpt NEO Device, BTL Industries, Inc.) is a FDA-cleared noninvasive body contouring treatment for increasing muscle tone and/or reducing fat. The device uses high-intensity electromagnetic energy to stimulate muscle contractions and to build muscle mass (Emsculpt) or a combination of electromagnetic energy with radiofrequency (Emsculpt NEO) to produce a synergistic effect of building muscle mass and reducing fat. In this study, we conduct a high-quality systematic review to evaluate outcomes for Emsculpt and Emsculpt NEO treatments for noninvasive body contouring...

BACKGROUND: Cryolipolysis is a noninvasive technique for localized fat reduction, which induces selective apoptosis of the adipocytes using controlled exposure to intense cold. During the past 10 years, this technique has been shown to be safe and effective and its application has significantly increased. In this context, Cooltech® devices have been widely used around the world. AIMS: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the removal of localized fatty tissue in different body areas using the new Cooltech® Define controlled cooling system...

In recent years, the demand for noninvasive aesthetic treatments has increased significantly. New systems and technological innovations open new possibilities for practitioners and patients in the field of body contouring, noninvasive face lifting, skin tightening and rejuvenation, as well as effective therapies for urinary incontinence or erectile dysfunction. Currently, the most well-known innovations include technologies such as high-intensity focused electromagnetic field (HIFEM™) and radiofrequency (RF), which, after more than 30 years of research, could be combined in the RF-SYNCHRODE™ (BTL Medizintechnik GmbH, Prague, Czech republic) without any health risks for the patient...

BACKGROUND: Adipose tissue is a vital metabolic organ that takes part in body homeostasis. However, an increase in fat tissue can be detrimental for one's health and lead to undesirable changes in body shape. Noninvasive lipolysis is becoming an increasingly popular method to destroy and remove excess body fat and improve one's satisfaction with their body appearance. AIM: The aim of this study was to perform an evidence-based review of the clinical efficacy and safety of noninvasive lipolysis modalities in fat reduction...