keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38420788/the-beneficial-effects-of-antenatal-magnesium-beam-sulfate-trial
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dwight J Rouse
The BEAM Trial.
February 29, 2024: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38400295/impact-of-pca-pre-normalization-methods-on-ground-reaction-force-estimation-accuracy
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amal Kammoun, Philippe Ravier, Olivier Buttelli
Ground reaction force (GRF) components can be estimated using insole pressure sensors. Principal component analysis in conjunction with machine learning (PCA-ML) methods are widely used for this task. PCA reduces dimensionality and requires pre-normalization. In this paper, we evaluated the impact of twelve pre-normalization methods using three PCA-ML methods on the accuracy of GRF component estimation. Accuracy was assessed using laboratory data from gold-standard force plate measurements. Data were collected from nine subjects during slow- and normal-speed walking activities...
February 9, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379197/altered-intrinsic-brain-spontaneous-activities-in-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-comorbid-adhd
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinzhou Tang, Zenghui Ma, Kat SiuChing, Lingzi Xu, Qinyi Liu, Li Yang, Yufeng Wang, Qingjiu Cao, Xue Li, Jing Liu
OBJECTIVE: The study involved 17 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), 21 with ADHD, 30 with both (ASD + ADHD), and 28 typically developing children (TD). METHODS: The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was measured as a regional brain function index. Intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) was also analyzed using the region of interest (ROI) identified in ALFF analysis. Statistical analysis was done via one-way ANCOVA, Gaussian random field (GRF) theory, and post-hoc pair-wise comparisons...
February 20, 2024: Journal of Attention Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377745/the-impact-of-varying-trolley-case-usage-modes-and-weights-on-body-posture
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mingxi Li, Rong Liu, Shiying Wu, Ying Lv, Yi Jia, Chenyan Wang
OBJECTIVE: To study the body posture characteristics when walking with trolley case, and to explore the effects of different usage methods and weights of trolley case on body posture characteristics. METHODS: Fifteen subjects pushed and pulled(Condition 1 and 2) the case with three load weights of 10 %, 20 % and 30 % of their own body weight with 0 % no load as baseline for both conditions. The basic gait parameters, kinematic and kinetic data were collected using the VICON infrared motion capture system and a 3D force platform...
February 13, 2024: Gait & Posture
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38371631/microrna396-negatively-regulates-shoot-regeneration-in-tomato
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Su-Jin Park, Ji-Sun Park, Jin Ho Yang, Ki-Beom Moon, Seung Yong Shin, Jae-Heung Jeon, Hyun-Soon Kim, Hyo-Jun Lee
Numerous studies have been dedicated to genetically engineering crops to enhance their yield and quality. One of the key requirements for generating genetically modified plants is the reprogramming of cell fate. However, the efficiency of shoot regeneration during this process is highly dependent on genotypes, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identified microRNA396 (miR396) as a negative regulator of shoot regeneration in tomato. By selecting two genotypes with contrasting shoot regeneration efficiencies and analyzing their transcriptome profiles, we found that miR396 and its target transcripts, which encode GROWTH-REGULATING FACTORs (GRFs), exhibit differential abundance between high- and low-efficiency genotypes...
February 2024: Horticulture Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38369902/comparison-of-ground-reaction-force-among-stride-types-in-baseball-pitching
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shu-Wei Chen, Wen-Tzu Tang, Jung-Tang Kung, Tsung-Ying Hung, Wei-Hsuan Lin, Yu-Lin Chen, Daniel J Burgee
This study aims to investigate the different ground reaction force (GRF) characteristics from different stride types. This study included 30 Taiwanese elite college and professional baseball pitchers. Each pitcher was classified into one of the following stride types: tall and fall (TF), dip and drive (DD), or mixed (MX). Our findings indicated that DD pitchers pressed their bodies forward earlier than TF pitchers. In contrast, the GRF of the pivot leg of TF pitchers increased slowly in the first half of the stride phase and continued to increase even after the stride leg touched the ground...
February 19, 2024: Sports Biomechanics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367456/effects-of-foot-orthoses-on-running-kinetics-and-kinematics-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#27
REVIEW
Abu Jor, Noelle W K Lau, Aliyeh Daryabor, Mark W P Koh, Wing-Kai Lam, Hiroaki Hobara, Toshiki Kobayashi
BACKGROUND: Foot orthoses (FOs) are often prescribed by clinicians to treat foot and ankle conditions, prevent running injuries, and enhance performance. However, the lack of higher-order synthesis of clinical trials makes it challenging for clinicians to adopt an evidence-based approach to FOs' prescriptions. RESEARCH QUESTION: Do FOs with different modifications alter lower extremity running kinematics and kinetics? METHODS: A systematic search of seven databases was conducted from inception to February 2023...
February 7, 2024: Gait & Posture
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38364508/cues-to-land-softly-and-quietly-result-in-acute-reductions-in-ground-reaction-force-loading-rates-in-runners
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren K Sara, Logan W Gaudette, José Roberto de Souza Júnior, Adam S Tenforde, Lindsay Wasserman, Caleb D Johnson
BACKGROUND: A common gait retraining goal for runners is reducing vertical ground reaction force (GRF) loading rates (LRs), which have been associated with injury. Many gait retraining programs prioritize an internal focus of attention, despite evidence supporting an external focus of attention when a specific outcome is desired (e.g., LR reduction). RESEARCH QUESTION: Does an external focus of attention (using cues for quiet, soft landings) result in comparable reductions in LRs to those achieved using a common internal focus (forefoot striking while barefoot)? METHODS: This observational study included 37 injured runners (18 male; mean age 36 (14) years) at the OMITTED Running Center...
February 10, 2024: Gait & Posture
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38343037/when-change-chooses-you-my-journey-with-paralysis
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dale B Hull
Life sometimes provides unannounced challenges that threaten the structure of our existence. This personal account of an ob-gyn's encounter with paralysis will illustrate the impact of one such experience.
February 12, 2024: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336368/bilateral-effect-of-acupuncture-on-cerebrum-and-cerebellum-in-ischaemic-stroke-patients-with-hemiparesis-a-randomised-clinical-and-neuroimaging-trial
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianzhu Chen, Tianyan Chen, Yong Zhang, Kang Wu, Yihuai Zou
BACKGROUND: Acupuncture involving the limb region may be effective for stroke rehabilitation clinically, but the visualised and explanatory evidence is limited. Our objectives were to assess the specific effects of acupuncture for ischaemic stroke (IS) patients with hemiparesis and investigate its therapy-driven modification in functional connectivity. METHODS: IS patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive 10 sessions of hand-foot 12 needles acupuncture (HA, n=30) or non-acupoint (NA) acupuncture (n=16), enrolling gender-matched and age-matched healthy controls (HCs, n=34)...
February 8, 2024: Stroke and Vascular Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38333504/a-simple-device-for-measuring-sit-to-stand-movements-and-cardio-metabolic-diseases-a-cross-sectional-study-in-a-health-check-up-population-over-20-years-old
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takahiro Hokimoto, Jou-Yin Chen, Rupa Singh, Yukiko Wagatsuma
Introduction Several studies have reported the usefulness of measuring lower limb muscle strength through the motion of standing up using a reaction force measuring device positioned on the ground. There is inadequate information on the association between cardiovascular disease risk factors and ground reaction force (GRF) during standing up. Therefore, this study estimated the association between GRF by sit-to-stand movements and cardiovascular disease risk factors in a health check-up population. Methods This cross-sectional study included 1,182 healthy participants without chronic diseases who underwent periodic health check-ups from August 2019 to December 2020...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38331648/evaluation-of-ground-reaction-forces-and-centers-of-pressure-predicted-by-anybody-modeling-system-during-load-reaching-handling-activities-and-effects-of-the-prediction-errors-on-model-estimated-spinal-loads
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Daroudi, N Arjmand, M Mohseni, M El-Rich, M Parnianpour
Full-body and lower-extremity human musculoskeletal models require feet ground reaction forces (GRFs) and centers of pressure (CoPs) as inputs to predict muscle forces and joint loads. GRFs/CoPs are traditionally measured via floor-mounted forceplates that are usually restricted to research laboratories thus limiting their applicability in real occupational and clinical setups. Alternatively, GRFs/CoPs can be estimated via inverse dynamic approaches as also implemented in the Anybody Modeling System (AnyBody Technology, Aalborg, Denmark)...
February 3, 2024: Journal of Biomechanics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38328126/self-supervised-learning-improves-accuracy-and-data-efficiency-for-imu-based-ground-reaction-force-estimation
#33
Tian Tan, Peter B Shull, Jenifer L Hicks, Scott D Uhlrich, Akshay S Chaudhari
OBJECTIVE: Recent deep learning techniques hold promise to enable IMU-driven kinetic assessment; however, they require large extents of ground reaction force (GRF) data to serve as labels for supervised model training. We thus propose using existing self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques to leverage large IMU datasets to pre-train deep learning models, which can improve the accuracy and data efficiency of IMU-based GRF estimation. METHODS: We performed SSL by masking a random portion of the input IMU data and training a transformer model to reconstruct the masked portion...
January 25, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38321093/successful-xenotransplantation-of-testicular-cells-following-fractionated-chemotherapy-of-recipient-birds
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcel Henrique Blank, Allison Jun Taguchi Kawaoku, Bruno Rogério Rui, Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira, Thais Rose Dos Santos Hamilton, Marcelo Demarchi Goissis, Ricardo José Garcia Pereira
An essential step in the success of germ cell transplantation is the preparation of the recipient's testicular environment to increase the availability of stem cell niches. However, most methods for this purpose in birds face serious limitations such as partial germ cell depletion, high toxicity and mortality, or the need to use expensive technologies. Here, we validated a simple and practical technique of transferring quail testicular cells into chicken testes depleted of endogenous spermatozoa by fractioned chemotherapy (20 mg/kg/week busulfan for 5 weeks)...
February 7, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38315597/self-supervised-learning-improves-accuracy-and-data-efficiency-for-imu-based-ground-reaction-force-estimation
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tian Tan, Peter B Shull, Jenifer L Hicks, Scott D Uhlrich, Akshay S Chaudhari
OBJECTIVE: Recent deep learning techniques hold promise to enable IMU-driven kinetic assessment; however, they require large extents of ground reaction force (GRF) data to serve as labels for supervised model training. We thus propose using existing self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques to leverage large IMU datasets to pre-train deep learning models, which can improve the accuracy and data efficiency of IMU-based GRF estimation. METHODS: We performed SSL by masking a random portion of the input IMU data and training a transformer model to reconstruct the masked portion...
February 5, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38313026/static-versus-dynamic-muscle-modelling-in-extinct-species-a-biomechanical-case-study-of-the-australopithecus-afarensis-pelvis-and-lower-extremity
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ashleigh L A Wiseman, James P Charles, John R Hutchinson
The force a muscle generates is dependent on muscle structure, in which fibre length, pennation angle and tendon slack length all influence force production. Muscles are not preserved in the fossil record and these parameters must be estimated when constructing a musculoskeletal model. Here, we test the capability of digitally reconstructed muscles of the Australopithecus afarensis model (specimen AL 288-1) to maintain an upright, single-support limb posture. Our aim was to ascertain the influence that different architectural estimation methods have on muscle specialisation and on the subsequent inferences that can be extrapolated about limb function...
2024: PeerJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38308976/gaussian-random-field-based-characterization-and-reconstruction-of-cancellous-bone-microstructure-considering-the-constraint-of-correlation-structure
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei He, Moxin Zhao, Jason Pui Yin Cheung, Teng Zhang, Xiaodan Ren
The macro scale physical properties of cancellous bone materials are governed by the microstructural features, which is of great significance for the multi-scale research of cancellous bone and the inverse design of bone-mimicking materials. Therefore, it is essential to characterize the natural cancellous bone samples, and reconstruct the microstructures with the biomimetic osteointegration and mechanical properties. In this research, a novel approach for the characterization and reconstruction of cancellous bone was proposed, based on the medical image analysis and anisotropic three-dimensional Gaussian random field (GRF)...
January 29, 2024: Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38292166/feature-preserving-synthesis-of-termite-mimetic-spinodal-nest-morphology
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastian Oberst, Richard Martin
Termite-built topology is complex due to group interactions and environmental feedback. Being interlinked with material characteristics and related to functionality, an accurate synthesis of termite mound topology has never been achieved. We scanned inner termite mound pieces via high-resolution micro-computed tomography. A wavelet scattering transform followed by optimization extracts features that are fed into a Gaussian Random Fields (GRFs) approach to synthesize termite-mimetic spinodal topology. Compared to natural structures the GRF topology is more regular...
January 19, 2024: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38291967/maximum-velocity-and-leg-specific-ground-reaction-force-production-change-with-radius-during-flat-curve-sprinting
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriela B Diaz, Ryan S Alcantara, Alena M Grabowski
Humans attain slower maximum velocity (vmax) on curves versus straightaways, potentially due to centripetal ground reaction force (GRF) production and depends on curve radius. Previous studies found GRF production differences between an athlete's inside versus outside leg relative to the center of the curve. Further, sprinting clockwise (CW) versus counterclockwise (CCW) slows vmax. We determined vmax, step kinematics, and individual leg GRF on a straightaway and curves with 17.2 and 36.5 m radii for nine (8M; 1F) competitive sprinters running CW and CCW and compared vmax to three predictive models...
January 31, 2024: Journal of Experimental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38287846/differences-in-functional-activity-and-connectivity-in-the-right-frontoparietal-network-between-nurses-working-long-term-shifts-and-fixed-day-shifts
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuqin Dong, Xiaohong Wu, Yang Zhou, Ke Qiu
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the differences in functional brain activity and connectivity between nurses working long-term shifts and fixed day shift and explore their correlations with work-related psychological conditions. METHODS: Thirty-five nurses working long-term shifts and 35 nurses working fixed day shifts were recruited. After assessing work-related psychological conditions, such as burnout and perceived stress of these two groups of nurses, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) analyses were performed to investigate the between-group differences in brain functional activity and connectivity...
January 15, 2024: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
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