Intracranial translucency

INTRODUCTION: Blake's pouch cyst (BPC) represents an abnormal development of the posterior membranous area of the fetal brain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two- and three-dimensional ultrasound with Cristal and Realistic Vue were used to characterized the early prenatal diagnosis. RESULTS: At 9 weeks and 5 days a ballooning in the posterior fossa and resulting in an enlarged intracranial translucency (IT) was detected by 3D ultrasound using Cristal Vue in "inversion" mode and Cristal plus Realistic Vue...

Aims and Objectives: The fourth ventricle, seen as intracranial translucency (IT) at 11-13+6 weeks, has been reported to be obliterated in cases of open spina bifida (OSB). Our aim was to assess its role in detecting OSB at 11-13+6 weeks. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted at foetal medicine unit from January 2014 to June 2015. All women who underwent both first and mid-trimester scan in our unit were included in the study. IT was categorized as normal, obliterated or not clear...

Accurate and timely prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida (SB) is a major goal of modern antenatal care. Prenatal screening for open SB should be first performed at the time of routine first-trimester ultrasound by examining the posterior fossa for obliteration or non-visualization of the fourth ventricle ("intracranial translucency") and cisterna magna. The second step of screening is the second-trimester anatomy scan, at which time the features of the Chiari type II malformation should be looked for, including ventriculomegaly, scalloping of the frontal bones ("lemon" sign), and backward and caudal displacement of the cerebellar vermis with obliteration of the cisterna magna ("banana" sign)...

In the beginnings, sonographic diagnosis of open spina bifida (OSB) relied on the meticulous scanning of the fetal vertebrae for abnormalities but many defects were missed. After the mid-1980s, however, with the description of the intracranial findings in the second trimester (the "lemon sign" and the "banana sign"), the prenatal diagnosis of OSB was enhanced. In the last 2 decades, there has been widespread uptake of routine ultrasound examination in the first trimester of pregnancy with the purpose of the measurement of fetal crown-rump length to determine gestational age, to screen for trisomy 21 and other aneuploidies, mainly with the nuchal translucency, and for diagnosis of many major abnormalities...

The objective of this study was to test three measurements: brain stem (BS), intracranial translucency (IT) and brain stem to occipital bone distance (BSOB), as well as one landmark: cisterna magna (CM) visibility, for early diagnosis of open spina bifida (OSB) in a low risk population. A prospective observational study was undertaken in a university hospital. A sample of 1479 women consented to participate between 20 September 2013 and 30 June 2015. Measurements were performed from the mid-sagittal view, as is routinely used for nuchal thickness assessment...

INTRODUCTION: The antenatal diagnosis of open spina bifida (OSB), a neural tube defect, is predominantly made at the second trimester morphology scan by ultrasound detection of structural abnormalities resulting from the associated Chiari II malformation. Evidence has emerged suggesting that these structural abnormalities can be detected earlier, by examination of the posterior fossa as part of the first trimester nuchal translucency scan. In particular, absence of the intra-cranial translucency (IT) of the fourth ventricle has shown promise as a diagnostic marker of OSB, although the sensitivity and specificity of this finding varies widely in the literature...

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OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to establish intracranial translucency reference values in healthy fetuses from a Latin American population. METHODS: This work was a cross-sectional retrospective correlational study. A review of sonographic reports from women between gestational ages of 11 weeks and 13 weeks 6 days at 2 health institutes in Bogota, Colombia, whose fetuses had a crown-rump length of 45 to 84 mm was conducted between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2012...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of intracranial translucency (IT) in the detection of spina bifida (SB) in the first trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: We included study assessing the accuracy of sonographic measurements of IT in a mid-sagittal view of the fetal face in prediction of SB in the first trimester of pregnancy. The primary outcome was the accuracy of IT in prediction of spina bifida. Summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR), and diagnostic odds ratio for the overall predictive accuracy of IT were computed...

This study aimed to validate the usefulness of intraoperative use of a tablet-type device in neurosurgical field. This study included 80 patients who underwent direct surgery for complex brain and spinal disorders in our hospital between April 2013 and March 2015. The operated disorders included cerebral aneurysm, intracranial and spinal dural arteriovenous fistula, meningioma, and vestibular schwannoma. By using the OsiriX HD software, the DICOM data were directly transferred to a tablet-type device (Apple iPad)...

The diagnosis of an abnormal fetal posterior fossa is usually done during the second trimester scan. However, some forms of open spina bifida with Arnold-Chiari malformation can be detected from the first trimester ultrasound with a precise examination of the posterior fossa and intracranial translucency. Furthermore, other abnormalities of the posterior fossa such as cystic malformations also seem to be accessible to early detection. This work detailed the possible usual and unusual aspects of the posterior fossa individualized during the first trimester ultrasound scan...

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a literature review to assess the effectiveness of first trimester ultrasonographic markers of spina bifida (SB) integrating data with our prospective experience. METHODS: The analysis of the SB cases that we prospectively detected in the first trimester, between January 2012 and February 2014, and a systematic review of all the papers evaluating the effectiveness of SB ultrasonographic markers at 11-14 weeks, namely brain stem diameter (BS), fourth ventricle/intracranial translucency (IT), cisterna magna (CM), brain stem/occipital bone distance (BSOB), the ratio between BS and BSOB...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the sonographic appearance of fetal posterior fossa anatomy at 11-14 weeks of pregnancy and to assess the outcome of fetuses with increased intracranial translucency (IT) and/or brainstem-to-occipital bone (BSOB) diameter. METHODS: Reference ranges for brainstem (BS), IT and cisterna magna (CM) measurements, BSOB diameter and the BS : BSOB ratio were obtained from the first-trimester ultrasound examination of 233 fetuses with normal postnatal outcome (control group)...

Purpose  To evaluate the potential of routine assessment of intracranial translucency (IT) and other posterior brain parameters in the early detection of open spina bifida during the 11 - 14 weeks screening examination. Materials and Methods  This prospective, multicenter longitudinal study was conducted with the participation of 20 certified DEGUM II or III experts in Berlin, Germany, between June 2010 and October 2013. All pregnant women undergoing a first trimester screening were included in the study and in every patient were the IT, brain stem (BS), cisterna magna (CM), BS to occipital bone distance (BSOB) and BS/BSOB ratio measured...

INTRODUCTION: Our aim was to examine the value of indirect signs of open spina bifida in the mid-sagittal view of the posterior brain at the 11-13 weeks' ultrasound examination and to summarize the current evidence for the first-trimester diagnosis of spina bifida. METHODS: This was a prospective study in routine obstetric population. The presence of four almost parallel lines (four-line view) in the posterior brain was recorded. Biparietal diameter (BPD), intracranial translucency (IT) and cisterna magna (CM) were measured...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews the potential benefits and downsides of early anatomy screening. RECENT FINDINGS: There is increasing evidence that about 50% of severe fetal anomalies can be diagnosed prior to 14 weeks of gestation. 'Red flags' such as an increased nuchal or intracranial translucency, tricuspid valve regurgitation, a small biparietal diameter, a single umbilical artery or an abnormal retronasal triangle should raise the sonographer's suspicion of a congenital defect and warrant a more thorough fetal assessment, which often includes transvaginal scanning...

OBJECTIVES: To measure the area of the intracranial translucency (IT) (syn: 4th ventricle) and the future cisterna magna (CM) in normal fetuses and to compare with fetuses with open spina bifida. PATIENTS: In the midsagittal plane of the face of 220 fetuses between 11 and 13 weeks' gestation, the areas of the IT and CM were measured and the sum, defined as the posterior fossa fluid (PFF) area was calculated. Reference ranges were constructed in relation to the crown-rump length...

Intracranial aneurysms suffer various interactions between hemodynamics and pathobiology, and rupture when this balance disrupted. Aneurysm wall morphology is a result of these interactions and reflects the quality of the maturation. However, it is a poorly documented in previous studies. The purpose of this study is to observe aneurysm wall thickness and describe the characteristics of translucent aneurysm by analyzing clinical and morphological parameters. 253 consecutive patients who underwent clipping surgery in a single institute were retrospectively analyzed...

The objective of the study is to evaluate the clinical significance of screening for fetal spina bifida aperta by ultrasound examination and intracranial translucency (IT) measurement at 11-13(+6) weeks of gestation. About 1,479 women at 11-13(+6) weeks of gestation in our hospital in 2012 were included as observation group, and 1,608 women at 11-13(+6) weeks of gestation without IT measurement in 2011 was included as controls. Detection rates of fetal spina bifida aperta in two groups were compared. The translucency thickness between the brain stem and choroid plexus and crown-rump length (CRL) in mid-sagittal view of the fetal face was measured, and translucency thickness and CRL in fetuses with spina bifida and healthy ones were compared...

OBJECTIVE: To measure the intracranial translucency (IT) by establishing reference ranges in uncomplicated singleton Turkish pregnancies and to evaluate the association of IT with maternal serum biochemistry, gestational week, crown-rump length (CRL) measurement, nuchal translucency (NT) and ductus venosus Doppler velocimetry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 190 uncomplicated singleton pregnancies were included in the study. IT, NT and CRL measurements between 11-14 gestational weeks were obtained with mid-sagittal plane...