Macular pigment optical density

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the macular pigment optical density (MPOD) scores in eyes with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia and compare those with their fellow and control eyes using one-wavelength fundus reflectometry. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 33 patients diagnosed with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia aged 12-40 years. The control group consisted of 36 hyperopic and 42 emmetropic children, age-matched to the patients. Central macular thickness (CMT), MPOD, axial length (AL), best-corrected visual acuity, and refraction errors were measured between the study group and the control group...

Although decreased macular pigment density is associated with the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), exactly how this decrease may contribute to the development of AMD is still not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the relationship between macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). MPOD was measured using MPS II (Electron Technology, Cambridge, UK) in 137 participants who showed no clinical signs of AMD at 3 months after cataract surgery, and simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the associations with age, sex, abdominal circumference, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, intraocular lens color, visual acuity before and after surgery, and eGFR...

Background : Oxidative stress is a key risk factor for visual impairment and consuming dietary antioxidant-rich foods may help in managing visual impairments. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the effect of dietary antioxidant-rich food including grapes on eye health in older adults. Objectives : To assess the effects on macular pigment accumulation of regular consumption of grapes in Singapore older adults. Methods : This was a 16 week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial...

Damsgaard, C., Lauridsen, H. Deep vascular imaging in the eye with flow-enhanced ultrasound. Journal of Visualized Experiments. (176), e62986 (2021). Macouzet-Romero, F. J., Ochoa-Máynez, G. A., Pérez-García, O., Pérez-Aragón, B. J., Lima-Gómez, V. Evaluation of capillary and other vessel contribution to macular perfusion density measured with optical coherence tomography angiography. Journal of Visualized Experiments. (180), e63033 (2022). Subirada, P. V. et al. Quantification of vascular parameters in whole mount retinas of mice with non-proliferative and proliferative retinopathies...

BACKGROUND: Anthropometry facilitates the evaluation of risks associated with reduced macular pigment optical density (MPOD). OBJECTIVES: To investigate the predictors and anthropometric indices associated with MPOD in healthy adult in Arab population. DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional study. METHODS: The MPOD was measured at 0.5° from fovea using a heterochromatic flicker photometer. Healthy participants aged between 20 and 40 years were recruited...

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, and due to increasing life expectancy the number of patients is expected to grow. The diagnosis of AD involves the use of biomarkers determined by an amyloid PET scan or cerebrospinal fluid analyses that are either invasive or expensive, and not available in each hospital, thus limiting their usage as a front-line screener. The TearAD study aims to use tear fluid as a potential source for AD biomarkers. In previous reports, we demonstrated that AD biomarkers amyloid-beta and tau, are measurable in tear fluid and are associated with disease severity and neurodegeration...

OBJECTIVE: A new diagnostic graphical tool-classification maps-supporting the detection of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) has been constructed. METHODS: The classification maps are constructed using the ordinal regression model. In the ordinal regression model, the ordinal variable (the dependent variable) is the degree of the advancement of AMD. The other variables, such as CRT (Central Retinal Thickness), GCC (Ganglion Cell Complex), MPOD (Macular Pigment Optical Density), ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study), Snellen and Age have also been used in the analysis and are represented on the axes of the maps...

Purpose: To measure the macular pigment optical density (MPOD) in first degree relatives of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and compare it with a healthy control group. Methods: 128 healthy subjects who were first-degree relatives of AMD patients were included in the study (Group 1). As the control group, 74 healthy subjects were included in the study (Group 2). The right eyes of all cases were included in the study. MPOD was measured with a commercially available device (MPSII®, Elektron Technology, Switzerland) using technology based on heterochromatic flicker photometry...

PURPOSE: To study the status of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in non-exudative and active choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). METHODS: Only treatment-naïve nAMD patients were enrolled in this prospective case-control study, including 17 eyes with non-exudative CNV (six males and 11 females, 74.9 ± 10.0 years) and 28 eyes with active CNV (eight males and 20 females, 69.3 ± 6.8 years). All patients received a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT), dark-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (DF-SLO), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF)...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlations between swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) parameters and clinical outcomes in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) administered a bimonthly intravitreal aflibercept regimen. METHODS: This prospective, single-arm, interventional study enrolled 33 patients with treatment-naïve nAMD. The eyes received three monthly aflibercept injections followed by five bi-monthly regimens (total 50 weeks)...

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is traditionally managed using disease-modifying pharmaceutical therapies as a first line approach for treatment, yet there is increasing interest in lifestyle factors, particularly diet, for managing disease outcomes. Lutein has neuroprotective properties in healthy adults, but no previous research has examined the effects of lutein supplementation in persons with MS. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of 4-mo lutein supplementation on carotenoid status and cognition in persons with relapse-remitting MS (RRMS)...

BACKGROUND: Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) remains an indispensable biomarker to measure fruit and vegetable intake, with a biologically plausible correlation to vision and cognition. However, evidence in the sub-Saharan regions, including Ghana, is lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study explored dietary carotenoid intake on MPOD and its influence on cognitive and visual function in a healthy Ghanaian sample. METHODS: The MPOD of 301 healthy subjects (aged 21...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Oral lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) supplementation enhances macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and plays a protective role in the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) is a novel in vivo retinal imaging method that has been shown to correlate to classical MPOD measurements and might contribute to a metabolic mapping of the retina in the future. Our aim was to show that oral supplementation of L and Z affects the FLIO signal in a positive way in patients with AMD...

BACKGROUND: Carotenoids are plant pigments with light filtering and antioxidant properties that deposit in human tissues, including retina and skin. Descriptive characteristics and covariates of carotenoid status in macula and skin have been examined in adults; however, similar studies in children are limited. Thus, this study aimed to delineate how factors of age, sex, race, weight status, and dietary carotenoid intake relate to macular and skin carotenoids in children. METHODS: Children (7-13y, N=375) completed heterochromatic flicker photometry to assess macular pigment optical density (MPOD)...

INTRODUCTION: To investigate retinal layer thickness and vessel density differences between patients with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) and intermediate dry age-related macular degeneration (iAMD). METHODS: Participants included in the study were patients diagnosed by retinal specialists with RPD, iAMD, and both RPD and iAMD at our academic referral center, seen from May 2021 until February 2022. The central 3 mm retinal thickness was measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) (Heidelberg Spectralis HRA+OCT System; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany)...

PURPOSE: To investigate the diagnostic value of optical density ratio (ODR) in various diseases with subretinal fluid (SRF) due to different pathophysiologies. METHODS: Patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy; CSCR (n=49), Vogt Koyanagi Harada disease; VKH (n=34), and choroidal hemangioma (n=17) characterized with SRF were included. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images were analyzed using ImageJ by three independent readers. The ODRs were calculated using "region of interest (ROI)" and "entire region (TOTAL)" selection methods from the SRF to the vitreous, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) reflectivity ratios...

Acquired vitelliform lesions (AVLs) are associated with a large spectrum of retinal diseases, among which is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The purpose of this study was to characterize AVLs' evolution in AMD patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology and ImageJ software. We measured AVLs' size and density and followed their impacts over surrounding retinal layers. Average retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) thickness in the central 1 mm quadrant (45.89 ± 27.84 µm vs. 15.57 ± 1...

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of three consecutive intravitreal injections of conbercept in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), to investigate the correlation between retinal anatomy and retinal function by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and electroretinography (ERG), to evaluate the short-term clinical efficacy of conbercept in the treatment of nAMD, and to explore the value of ERG as a predictor of treatment efficacy. METHOD: A retrospective investigation was conducted on 36 patients (36 eyes) treated with intravitreal injections of conbercept at 0...

Xanthophyll carotenoids (i.e., lutein and zeaxanthin) are plant pigments that selectively deposit in the macula of the eye and provide retinal tissue with protection against photooxidative stress. Although having greater xanthophylls in various tissues is related to lower inflammation in adulthood and infancy, this relationship is underinvestigated in childhood. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the relationships between macular xanthophyll status and inflammation in school-aged children. We hypothesized that greater macular pigment would be associated with lower systemic concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP)...

Color information is processed by the retina and lateral geniculate along principal dimensions known as the cardinal directions of color space. Normal differences in spectral sensitivity can impact the stimulus directions that isolate these axes for individual observers and can arise from variation in lens and macular pigment density, photopigment opsins, photoreceptor optical density, and relative cone numbers. Some of these factors that influence the chromatic cardinal axes also impact luminance sensitivity...