Event-related potentials

Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) is a CD33 monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate currently in use to treat myeloid malignancies. A unique adverse effect of this medication is destruction of CD33 positive macrophages resulting in reduced clearance of free hemoglobin leading to grossly red plasma. This build-up of free hemoglobin can potentially lead to end organ damage and prevent performance of clinically necessary laboratory evaluation. We present a case of a pediatric patient who developed this adverse effect and was successfully treated with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE)...

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved outcomes in various cancers. ICI treatment is associated with the incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) which can affect any organ. Data on irAEs occurrence in relation to sex- differentiation and their association with gender-specific factors are limited. AIMS: The primary objective of the G-DEFINER study is to compare the irAEs incidence in female and male patients who undergo ICI treatment...

BACKGROUND: Bimekizumab, a humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody targeting both interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-17F, could be effective for treating Psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of bimekizumab in the management of PsA. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature search by August 2023 was performed through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. investigating the efficacy or safety data of bimekizumab in the treatment of PsA...

The field of theranostics is rapidly advancing, driven by the goals of enhancing patient care. Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI) and its innovative theranostic applications have marked a critical step forward in nuclear medicine, leading to a significant paradigm shift in precision oncology. For instance, AI-assisted tumor characterization, including automated image interpretation, tumor segmentation, feature identification, and prediction of high-risk lesions, improves diagnostic processes, offering a precise and detailed evaluation...

Noise-vocoded speech has long been used to investigate how acoustic cues affect speech understanding. Studies indicate that reducing the number of spectral channel bands diminishes speech intelligibility. Despite previous studies examining the channel band effect using earlier event-related potential (ERP) components, such as P1, N1, and P2, a clear consensus or understanding remains elusive. Given our hypothesis that spectral degradation affects higher-order processing of speech understanding beyond mere perception, we aimed to objectively measure differences in higher-order abilities to discriminate or interpret meaning...

BACKGROUND: Camrelizumab, a programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibiting antibody, has demonstrated efficacy in various malignancies and received approval in multiple countries. Despite its therapeutic benefits, camrelizumab is associated with a unique spectrum of immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), predominantly reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP). However, visceral manifestations of such endothelial proliferations, particularly hepatic cavernous hemangiomas, have not been extensively documented...

Background Internally displaced persons (IDP) camps are still home to a large number of female survivors of the Yazidi genocide carried out in Iraq in 2014 by the Islamic organization known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). Many of these women suffer from a persistent form of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which can last for many years. On the other hand, little is known about the intricate etiology of PTSD. Objectives In this observational cross-sectional study, the biochemical parameters, including inflammatory and oxidative stress (OXS) markers, were evaluated in two groups: the case group (women with newly diagnosed PTSD) and the control group (apparently healthy women)...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1249978.].

AIM: To explore potential predictors of national out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival, including health system developments and the COVID pandemic in Ireland. METHODS: National level OHCA registry data from 2012 through to 2020, relating to unwitnessed, and bystander witnessed OHCA were interrogated. Logistic regression models were built by including predictors through stepwise variable selection and enhancing the models by adding pairwise interactions that improved fit...

OBJECTIVE: Anticancer drugs have revolutionized tumor therapy, with cutaneous toxicities such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) being common immune-related adverse events. The debate over the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids in treating these conditions persists, while tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitors show promise. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combination therapy involving the TNF-α inhibitor adalimumab for SJS/TEN induced by anticancer drugs...

PURPOSE: Nicotine withdrawal is a multifaceted physiological and psychological process that can induce a spectrum of mood disturbances. Gaining a more nuanced understanding of how pure nicotine withdrawal influences cognitive control functions may provide valuable insights for the enhancement of smoking cessation programs. This study investigated changes in inhibitory control function in smokers after 2-hour nicotine withdrawal using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: 28 nicotine dependence (ND) patients and 28 health controls (HCs) completed a smoking-cued Go/No-go task containing two different types of picture stimuli, smoking-cued and neutral picture stimuli...

BACKGROUND: Carotid atherosclerosis is often mentioned as one of the main causes of stroke. Currently, embolization is considered the most common mechanism that causes ischemic strokes due to atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid artery. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound provides relatively inexpensive, noninvasive, real-time measurement of blood flow characteristics and cerebrovascular hemodynamics within brain arteries. The pulsatile index measured by transcranial Doppler is a parameter that indicates the degree of elasticity of the blood vessels of the brain...

Recent research has shown that the internal dynamics of an artificial neural network model of sentence comprehension displayed a similar pattern to the amplitude of the N400 in several conditions known to modulate this event-related potential. These results led Rabovsky et al. (2018) to suggest that the N400 might reflect change in an implicit predictive representation of meaning corresponding to semantic prediction error. This explanation stands as an alternative to the hypothesis that the N400 reflects lexical prediction error as estimated by word surprisal (Frank et al...

Language models based on artificial neural networks increasingly capture key aspects of how humans process sentences. Most notably, model-based surprisals predict event-related potentials such as N400 amplitudes during parsing. Assuming that these models represent realistic estimates of human linguistic experience, their success in modeling language processing raises the possibility that the human processing system relies on no other principles than the general architecture of language models and on sufficient linguistic input...

BACKGROUND: Alterations in the experience of controlling oneself and one's environment are of high relevance to understanding the psychopathology of depression. This study investigated the relationship between Temporal Binding for action-event sequences, sense of agency, self-efficacy and symptom severity in Major Depressive Disorder. METHOD: We employed the Sense of Agency Scale (SoAS) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) to assess explicit Sense of Agency and self-efficacy in a group of 42 persons diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) [20 identifying as female, 19 as male; mean age 37...

Information about the resistance and adaptive potential of tree species and provenances is needed to select suitable planting material in times of rapidly changing climate conditions. In this study, we evaluate growth responses to climatic fluctuations and extreme events for 12 provenances of northern red oak ( Quercus rubra L.) that were tested across three trial sites with distinct environmental conditions in Germany. Six provenances each were sourced from the natural distribution in North America and from introduced stands in Germany...

PURPOSE: To compare the details, oncologists include in discharge letters with what home care physicians need. Although discharge letters are important to share patients' information for home palliative care, few studies have compared the details, especially patients' emotions, regarding what oncologists include in discharge letters and home care physicians' needs. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted by sending anonymous, self-administered questionnaires to 500 certified oncologists (OCs) and 500 directors of home care supporting clinics (HCs) in Japan between March and May 2023...

BACKGROUND: The effects of bempedoic acid in the secondary prevention setting have not been examined. METHODS: We used data from the overall and primary prevention reports of CLEAR - Outcomes to reconstruct data for the secondary prevention population. A Bayesian analyses was employed to calculate the posterior probability of benefit or harm for the outcomes of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Relative effect sizes are presented as risk ratios (RR) with 95% credible intervals (CrI), which represent the intervals that true effect sizes are expected to fall in with 95% probability, given the priors and model...

OBJECTIVE: Electroencephalography (EEG) can highlight significant changes in spontaneous electrical activity of the brain produced by altered brain network connectivity linked to inflammatory demyelinating lesions and neuronal loss occurring in multiple sclerosis (MS). In this review, we describe the main EEG findings reported in the literature to characterize motor network alteration in term of local activity or functional connectivity changes in patients with MS (pwMS). METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to include articles with quantitative analyses of resting-state EEG recordings (spectrograms or advanced methods for assessing spatial and temporal dynamics, such as coherence, theory of graphs, recurrent quantification, microstates) or dynamic EEG recordings during a motor task, with or without connectivity analyses...

Plasma cells (PC) are highly specialized cells representing the end stage of B cell differentiation. We have shown that PC differentiation can be reproduced in vitro using elaborate culture systems. The molecular changes occurring during PC differentiation are recapitulated in this in vitro differentiation model. However, a major challenge exists to decipher the spatiotemporal epigenetic and transcriptional programs that drives the early stages of PC differentiation. We combined single cell (sc) RNA-seq and single cell ATAC-seq to decipher the trajectories involved in PC differentiation...