keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509775/optimized-strategy-among-diet-exercise-and-pharmacological-interventions-for-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-a-network-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#21
REVIEW
Hao Wang, Qianqian Ma, Youpeng Chen, Ling Luo, Junzhao Ye, Bihui Zhong
BACKGROUND: Emerging treatment methods, including exercise, diet, and drugs, for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have been proposed. However, the differences in their efficacy have not been determined. We aimed to compare the effects of these treatments excluding surgery via a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. DATA SOURCE: The data sources included PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane up to February 1st, 2023. The endpoints consisted of body mass index (BMI), serum markers of metabolism and liver injury markers, liver fat content, and stiffness...
March 21, 2024: Obesity Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509558/liraglutide-improved-the-reproductive-function-of-obese-mice-by-upregulating-the-testicular-ac3-camp-pka-pathway
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruibing Qi, Yuzhen Liang, Jinming Yu, Bing Chen, Jiaqin Jiang, Xingye Wu, Wensheng Lu, Zhengming Li
BACKGROUND: The incidence of male reproductive dysfunction is increasing annually, and many studies have shown that obesity can cause severe harm to male reproductive function. The mechanism of male reproductive dysfunction caused by obesity is unclear, and there is no ideal treatment. Identification of effective therapeutic drugs and elucidation of the molecular mechanism involved in male reproductive health are meaningful. In this study, we investigated the effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide on sex hormones, semen quality, and testicular AC3/cAMP/PKA levels in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice...
March 20, 2024: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology: RB&E
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506456/-focus-on-obesity-drug-treatments
#23
REVIEW
Lucie Favre
The management of obesity is changing dramatically with the emergence of new drug treatments. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are approved for this indication in Switzerland, and approval is currently being sought for a GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypetide (GIP) co-agonist. Reimbursement conditions are restrictive, and patients are given only one opportunity to achieve the weight loss required for continued reimbursement. The popularity of these treatments has led to worldwide stock-outs for several months now, and it is essential that prescribers respect the indications so as not to prejudice obese patients...
March 20, 2024: Revue Médicale Suisse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505997/glucagon-like-peptide-1-receptor-agonists-modestly-reduced-blood-pressure-among-patients-with-and-without-diabetes-mellitus-a-meta-analysis-and-meta-regression
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Frederick Berro Rivera, Grace Nooriza O Lumbang, Danielle Rose Magno Gaid, Linnaeus Louisse A Cruz, John Vincent Magalong, Nathan Ross B Bantayan, Kyla M Lara-Breitinger, Martha Gulati, George Bakris
AIM: The cardiovascular benefits provided by glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) extend beyond weight reduction and glycaemic control. One possible mechanism may relate to blood pressure (BP) reduction. We aim to quantify the BP-lowering effects of GLP1-RAs. METHODS: A comprehensive database search for placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials on GLP-1RA treatment was conducted until December 2023. Data extraction and quality assessment were carried out, employing a robust statistical analysis using a random effects model to determine outcomes with a mean difference (MD) in mmHg and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)...
March 20, 2024: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505539/assessment-of-changes-in-body-composition-after-3-months-of-dulaglutide-treatment
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuqin Chen, Xuepeng Wang, Yong Jin, Xueqin Chen, Qifa Song, Gang Wei, Li Li
BACKGROUND: Changes in body composition accompanied by glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) induced weight loss have drawn much attention. However, fewer studies have reported body composition changes in patients receiving dulaglutide therapy in Chinese population. METHODS: A total of 70 overweight/obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who received dulaglutide therapy were included. Clinical data were collected. Visceral fat area (VFA) and body composition were also measured...
2024: Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503415/home-based-intervention-with-semaglutide-treatment-of-neuroleptic-related-prediabetes-histori-protocol-describing-a-prospective-randomised-placebo-controlled-and-double-blinded-multicentre-trial
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ashok Ainkaran Ganeshalingam, Nicolai Gundtoft Uhrenholt, Sidse Arnfred, Peter Haulund Gæde, Niels Bilenberg, Jan Frystyk
INTRODUCTION: Subjects with schizophrenia have a 2-3 fold higher mortality rate than the general population and a reduced life expectancy of 10-20 years. Approximately one-third of this excess mortality has been attributed to obesity-related type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to cardiovascular disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues increase satiety and delay gastric emptying, thereby reducing food intake and weight. GLP-1 analogues also exert beneficial effects on cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk patients with T2D...
March 18, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499083/intestinal-acyl-coa-synthetase-5-acsl5-deficiency-potentiates-postprandial-glp-1-pyy-secretion-reduces-food-intake-and-protects-against-diet-induced-obesity
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John D Griffin, Ying Zhu, Andrew Reeves, Kimberly K Buhman, Andrew S Greenberg
OBJECTIVE: In the small intestine, the products of digestion of dietary triacylglycerol (TAG), fatty acids (FA) and monoacylglycerol, are taken up by absorptive cells, enterocytes, for systemic energy delivery. These digestion products can also bind receptors on endocrine cells to stimulate the release of hormones capable of influencing systemic energy metabolism. The initial phase of intestinal FA absorption involves the acylation of FAs to acyl-CoA by the acyl-CoA long chain synthetase (ACSL) enzymes...
March 16, 2024: Molecular Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493915/semaglutide-6-months-therapy-of-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-restores-adipose-progenitors-potential-to-develop-metabolically-active-adipocytes
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
I Stafeev, M Agareva, S Michurina, A Tomilova, E Shestakova, E Zubkova, M Sineokaya, E Ratner, M Menshikov, Ye Parfyonova, M Shestakova
BACKGROUND: Nowadays type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to population mortality growth. Today glucagon-like peptide type 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are one of the most promising glucose-lowered drugs with anorexigenic and cardioprotective effects. The present study aims to determine the effects of GLP-1 RA semaglutide 6-month therapy on T2DM patient metabolic parameters and adipose progenitor cell health. METHODS: T2DM patients (N = 8) underwent clinical characterization and subcutaneous fat biopsy at start point and after semaglutide 6-month therapy...
March 15, 2024: European Journal of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492844/loss-of-gipr-in-lepr-cells-impairs-glucose-control-by-gip-and-gip-glp-1-co-agonism-without-affecting-body-weight-and-food-intake-in-mice
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seun Akindehin, Arkadiusz Liskiewicz, Daniela Liskiewicz, Miriam Bernecker, Cristina Garcia-Caceres, Daniel J Drucker, Brian Finan, Gerald Grandl, Robert Gutgesell, Susanna M Hofmann, Ahmed Khalil, Xue Liu, Perla Cota, Mostafa Bakhti, Oliver Czarnecki, Aimée Bastidas-Ponce, Heiko Lickert, Lingru Kang, Gandhari Maity, Aaron Novikoff, Sebastian Parlee, Ekta Pathak, Sonja C Schriever, Michael Sterr, Siegfried Ussar, Qian Zhang, Richard DiMarchi, Matthias H Tschöp, Paul T Pfluger, Jonathan D Douros, Timo D Müller
OBJECTIVE: The glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) decreases body weight via central GIP receptor (GIPR) signaling, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we assessed whether GIP regulates body weight and glucose control via GIPR signaling in cells that express the leptin receptor (Lepr). METHODS: Hypothalamic, hindbrain, and pancreatic co-expression of Gipr and Lepr was assessed using single cell RNAseq analysis. Mice with deletion of Gipr in Lepr cells were generated and metabolically characterized for alterations in diet-induced obesity (DIO), glucose control and leptin sensitivity...
March 14, 2024: Molecular Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490484/fasting-and-post-prandial-pancreatic-and-enteroendocrine-hormone-levels-in-obese-and-non-obese-participants
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher A Bannon, Claire L Meek, Frank Reimann, Fiona M Gribble
Circulating insulin levels are known to be increased in people with higher body mass index (BMI) due to effects of adiposity on insulin resistance, whilst gut hormones have a more complex relationship, with fasting peptideYY (PYY) reported to be inversely related to BMI. This study aimed to further explore fasting and post prandial pancreatic and gut hormone concentrations in plasma samples from obese and non-obese participants. Participants with healthy BMI (n=15), overweight BMI (n=29) and obesity (n=161) had samples taken fasting and 30 min post mixed liquid meal for analysis of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), PYY, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), insulin and glucagon...
March 13, 2024: Peptides
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488265/analyses-of-potential-causal-contributors-to-increased-waist-hip-ratio-associated-cardiometabolic-disease-a-combined-and-sex-stratified-mendelian-randomization-study
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Habiba Hashemy, Anthony Nguyen, Rana Khafagy, Delnaz Roshandel, Andrew D Paterson, Satya Dash
BACKGROUND: Increased waist/hip ratio (WHR) contributes to type 2 diabetes, fatty liver, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and coronary artery disease, with potential sex-differential effects. Postulated mediators include increased lipid flux, branched-chain amino acids, glycine and glycoprotein acetyl, but their relative contributions and sex-specific impact on WHR-associated cardiometabolic disease (CMD) are not established. METHODS: We therefore undertook combined and sex-stratified Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the relative causal contributions of these mediators to WHR-associated CMD using summary statistics from the largest genome-wide association studies in European ancestries...
March 15, 2024: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486712/gut-derived-peptide-hormone-analogues-and-potential-treatment-of-bone-disorders-in-obesity-and-diabetes-mellitus
#32
REVIEW
Asif Ali, Peter R Flatt, Nigel Irwin
Obesity and diabetes mellitus are prevalent metabolic disorders that have a detrimental impact on overall health. In this regard, there is now a clear link between these metabolic disorders and compromised bone health. Interestingly, both obesity and diabetes lead to elevated risk of bone fracture which is independent of effects on bone mineral density (BMD). In this regard, gastrointestinal (GIT)-derived peptide hormones and their related long-acting analogues, some of which are already clinically approved for diabetes and/or obesity, also seem to possess positive effects on bone remodelling and microarchitecture to reduce bone fracture risk...
2024: Clinical Medicine Insights. Endocrinology and Diabetes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486046/association-of-semaglutide-with-reduced-incidence-and-relapse-of-cannabis-use-disorder-in-real-world-populations-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Wang, Nora D Volkow, Nathan A Berger, Pamela B Davis, David C Kaelber, Rong Xu
Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug in the United States with more than 45 million users of whom one-third suffer from a cannabis use disorder (CUD). Despite its high prevalence, there are currently no FDA-approved medications for CUD. Patients treated with semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) approved for treating type 2 diabetes (T2D) and for weight management have reported reduced desire to drink and smoke. Preclinical studies have shown that semaglutide decreased nicotine and alcohol consumption...
March 14, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481208/secretion-of-glucagon-glp-1-and-gip-may-be-affected-by-circadian-rhythm-in-healthy-males
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dorte B Zilstorff, Michael M Richter, Jens Hannibal, Henrik L Jørgensen, Henriette P Sennels, Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen
BACKGROUND: Glucagon is secreted from pancreatic alpha cells in response to low blood glucose and increases hepatic glucose production. Furthermore, glucagon enhances hepatic protein and lipid metabolism during a mixed meal. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are secreted from gut endocrine cells during meals and control glucose homeostasis by potentiating insulin secretion and inhibiting food intake. Both glucose homeostasis and food intake have been reported to be affected by circadian rhythms and vice versa...
March 14, 2024: BMC Endocrine Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477667/the-anti-emetic-actions-of-gip-receptor-agonism
#35
REVIEW
Tito Borner, Bart C De Jonghe, Matthew R Hayes
Nausea and vomiting are primitive aspects of mammalian physiology and behavior that ensure survival. Unfortunately, both are ubiquitously present side effects of drug treatments for many chronic diseases with negative consequences on pharmacotherapy tolerance, quality of life, and prognosis. One of the most critical clinical examples is the profound emesis and nausea that occur in patients undergoing chemotherapy, which continue to be among the most distressing side effects, even with the use of modern anti-emetic medications...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477666/incretin-and-glucagon-receptor-polypharmacology-in-chronic-kidney-disease
#36
REVIEW
Brandon E McFarlin, Kevin L Duffin, Anish Konkar
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a debilitating condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In recent years, the kidney effects of incretin-based therapies, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), have garnered substantial interest in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. This review delves into the intricate interactions between the kidney, GLP-1RAs, and glucagon, shedding light on their mechanisms of action and potential kidney benefits. Both GLP-1 and glucagon, known for their opposing roles in regulating glucose homeostasis, improve systemic risk factors affecting the kidney, including adiposity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial function...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477483/the-effects-of-calorie-restriction-and-bariatric-surgery-on-circulating-proneurotensin-levels
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael G Miskelly, Johan Berggren, Malin Svensson, Jukka Koffert, Henri Honka, Saila Kauhanen, Pirjo Nuutila, Jan Hedenbro, Andreas Lindqvist, Olle Melander, Nils Wierup
CONTEXT: Proneurotensin (pNT) is associated with obesity and T2D, but the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on postprandial pNT levels are not well studied. OBJECTIVE: Assess effects of RYGB versus very low-energy diet (VLED) on pNT levels in response to mixed-meal tests (MMT), and long-term effects of RYGB on fasting pNT.Study participants: Cohort 1: Nine normoglycemic (NG) and ten T2D patients underwent MMT before and after VLED, immediately post-RYGB and six weeks post-RYGB...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477183/oral-or-injectable-semaglutide-for-the-management-of-type-2-diabetes-in-routine-care-a-multicentre-observational-study-comparing-matched-cohorts
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gian Paolo Fadini, Benedetta Maria Bonora, Mariangela Ghiani, Roberto Anichini, Elena Melchionda, Bruno Fattor, Stefano Fazion, Giancarla Meregalli, Andrea Giaccari, Angelo Avogaro, Agostino Consoli
AIM: To investigate the real-world utilization and comparative clinical outcomes of injectable and oral semaglutide in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with the aim of enhancing understanding of the practical implications associated with choosing between these formulations. METHODS: New users of oral or injectable semaglutide were selected from a cohort of 14 079 initiators of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. Propensity-score matching (PSM) was employed to create balanced groups, ensuring comparability...
March 13, 2024: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474161/timosaponin-a3-induces-anti-obesity-and-anti-diabetic-effects-in-vitro-and-in-vivo
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ji-Hyuk Park, Wona Jee, So-Mi Park, Ye-Rin Park, Seok Woo Kim, Hanbit Bae, Won-Suk Chung, Jae-Heung Cho, Hyungsuk Kim, Mi-Yeon Song, Hyeung-Jin Jang
Obesity is a serious global health challenge, closely associated with numerous chronic conditions including type 2 diabetes. Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (AA) known as Jimo has been used to address conditions associated with pathogenic heat such as wasting-thirst in Korean Medicine. Timosaponin A3 (TA3), a natural compound extracted from AA, has demonstrated potential therapeutic effects in various disease models. However, its effects on diabetes and obesity remain largely unexplored. We investigated the anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties of TA3 using in vitro and in vivo models...
March 2, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38472647/animal-studies-on-glucagon-like-peptide-1-receptor-agonists-and-related-polyagonists-in-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease
#40
REVIEW
Chara Tsiampali, Ilias D Vachliotis, Antonis Goulas, Stergios A Polyzos
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent metabolic liver disease closely associated with the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but without licensed pharmacological treatment to date. As glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are approved anti-diabetic and anti-obesity medications, they were also considered a potential therapeutic option for NAFLD. Preclinical studies suggest that GLP-1RAs have a beneficial effect on major NAFLD histological outcomes, i...
March 12, 2024: Hormones: International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
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