Leg length inequality

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of modified arthroscopic revision release for patients who have gluteal muscle contracture and who have poor outcomes after traditional open surgery. METHODS: The data of patients who underwent modified arthroscopic revision release for residual symptoms of gluteal muscle contracture after traditional open surgery were retrospectively collected and analyzed. All subjects underwent the procedure between December 2015 and December 2022...

In subjects with scoliotic alterations of the spine, asymmetrical lengths of the lower limbs are frequently observed, a condition commonly referred to as leg length inequality (LLI) or discrepancy (LLD). This asymmetry can induce pelvic misalignments, manifested by an asymmetric height of the iliac crests, and consequently an alteration of the spine's axis. Although correcting this discrepancy might appear to be a straightforward solution, further investigation may reveal other indications. The purpose of this article is to aid clinicians confronted with the decision of whether to compensate for an LLI in individuals with scoliosis, encompassing both adolescents and adults...

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess specific rehabilitation methods' effectiveness in early idiopathic scoliosis (IS) development, focusing on lower limb functional inequality's role in scoliosis progression. Materials and Methods : This study comprised 812 patients aged 6-16 years at risk of developing idiopathic scoliosis (IS). The mean (SD) age was 10.66 (3.16) years. Patients were categorized into high- and medium-risk groups based on the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) size. Specific scoliosis physiotherapy was used, and the average follow-up period was 28...

Functional leg length discrepancy results from soft tissue tightness or weakness across any joint in the lower extremity or spine. Herein, we present a 23-year-old female patient with leg length discrepancy due to a nontraumatic myositis ossificans (MO). Interpretation of the imaging findings is quite decisive in diagnosing soft tissue pathologies. It is particularly valid for MO to differentiate from other malignant or infectious lesions. There is no consensus on the treatment of nontraumatic MO. Although there are studies stating the contrary, surgical interventions should be considered as second option for patients who failed with nonsurgical treatments such as physical therapy...

BACKGROUND: The role of acetabular and femoral component positions with respect to the risk of post-operative instability and dislocation remains debated. In this study, we aimed to identify potential risk factors for early dislocation following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) for displaced intracapsular femoral neck fractures (FNF) using radiological measurements. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data for patients who underwent cementless primary THA for FNF using a posterolateral approach between January 2018 and December 2021...

Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is a common postural deviation of musculoskeletal origin, which causes compensatory reactions and often leads to injury. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of artificially induced LLD on gait symmetry by means of the spatiotemporal gait parameters and ground reaction forces (GRFs) using a treadmill equipped with capacitive sensors (instrumented) as well as the EMG activity of trunk and hip muscles during walking and running. Twenty-six healthy male and female college students were required to perform two sets of four 2...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Many methods have been developed to treat leg length discrepancies. Extensible intramedullary nails are the most commonly used systems. However, complications such as excessive distraction, blockage of the nail, aditional surgery, uncontrolled lengthening and much pain occur during the use of these systems, and the desired success rate cannot be achieved. This study aims to develop a new extensible intramedullary system with two mechanisms (electronical and mechanical) for femur and tibia that treats leg length inequalities in a way that allows lengthening without complications as much as possible and does not require a second surgical intervention...

BACKGROUND: Scoliosis is a structured rotatory deformity of the spine defined as >10° Cobb. Functional scoliosis (FS) is a curve < 10° Cobb, which is non-rotational and correctable. FS is often secondary to leg length inequality (LLI). To observe vertebral rotation (VR) in functional scoliosis due to LLI, one must demonstrate a correlation between LLI, sacral shelf inclination (SSI), and VR and discover a predictive value of LLI capable of inducing rotation. METHODS: We studied 89 patients with dorso-lumbar or lumbar curves < 15° Cobb and radiographs of the spine and pelvis...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics and symptoms of patients with hip osteoarthritis that are associated with spatiotemporal gait parameters, including their variability and asymmetry. DESIGN: A retrospective, cross-sectional study SETTING: : University hospital PARTICIPANTS: : The study analyzed the gait analysis data of 155 patients with hip osteoarthritis who were admitted to a university hospital for total hip replacement and were able to walk on a treadmill without a handrail...

To analyze a thoracolumbar scoliosis group, we analyzed data from the acquired database by groups: the sEMG group (n = 16) and 3D-EOS group (n = 55). The asymmetric hyper/hypoactivation ratio of muscle and LLD (>3 mm) were measured in the sEMG group. In the 3D-EOS group, we recorded the values of parameters including LLD, pelvis rotation, and kyphosis/lordosis. In the sEMG study, sEMG examinations were conducted individually in patients with idiopathic scoliosis to analyze hyper/hypoactivation of the paraspinal muscle...

For paediatric orthopaedic surgeons treating leg length discrepancy, knowledge of the available procedures and their options and limits is just as important as mastery of the very different surgical methods and implants, as well as the possible complications, in order to be able to advise and treat the children and adolescents and their parents comprehensively and in the best interests. Both the growth inhibiting procedures and the complex bone lengthening procedures require a great deal of experience to successfully guide patients and families through what is often a lengthy and sometimes complicated treatment process...

BACKGROUND: Orthopedic technical care plays a crucial role in improving function and mobility for patients undergoing limb lengthening and reconstruction. The treatment strategy is based on a precise classification of the defect, taking into account factors such as joint instability, muscle pathology and limb length discrepancy. CHOICE OF AIDS: The selection of orthopedic aids depends on the specific deformity, its classification and the individual needs of the patient...

Trigeminal neuralgia is a debilitating facial pain condition. Upper cervical chiropractic care has been mentioned as a possible solution OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of Atlas Orthogonal upper cervical chiropractic technique adjustments on trigeminal neuralgia sufferers DESIGN: Case series SETTING: A private chiropractic practice PARTICIPANTS: Five persons with chronic, severe, daily trigeminal neuralgia pain, radiological findings of significant head tilt, pain upon upper cervical palpation, and supine leg length inequality INTERVENTIONS: Up to two consultations and/or Atlas Orthogonal adjustments a week for eight weeks OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported reduction in trigeminal neuralgia pain and changes in radiological findings, sensitivity to upper cervical palpation, and leg length inequality RESULTS: Four participants reported reduced trigeminal neuralgia pain, including two with complete cessation of pain...

We describe the first case of a 62-year-old female symptomatic patient with multiple comorbidities presenting with coronal limb malalignment due to scoliosis and osteoarthritis who underwent a combined total hip arthroplasty and biplane opening wedge osteotomy of the distal femur in one procedure. It is essential to realize that in patients who present with multiple comorbidities, combining different established procedures should be considered as a therapeutic option. We detail the operative procedure, preoperative considerations, and postoperative rehabilitation...

OBJECTIVE: The ceramic-on-metal (CoM) bearing has the theoretical advantages over ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) and metal-on-metal bearings. This study aimed to analyze factors affecting the metal ion release of CoM bearings and compare clinical performance with CoC bearings. METHODS: The 147 patients were divided into 96 patients in group 1 (CoM group) and 51 patients in group 2 (CoC group). Additionally, within group1, 48 patients and 30 patients were sub-categorized into group 1-A with leg length discrepancy (LLD) less than 1cm and group 1-B greater than 1 cm...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether knee flexion contracture (FC) was associated with leg length inequality (LLI) and/or morbidity in knee osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN: We accessed 2 databases: (1) the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) cohort, including participants with, or at-risk of OA, and (2) the Ottawa Knee Osteoarthritis cross-sectional database (OKOA), including participants with primary advanced knee OA. Both included demographics, radiographic data, knee range of motion, leg length, pain, and function scales...

The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effects of foot orthoses on gait kinematics and low back pain (LBP) in individuals with leg length inequality (LLI). This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and has been undertaken in the PubMed-NCBI, EBSCO Host, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect databases. Inclusion criteria were the analysis of kinematic parameters during walking or LBP before and after foot orthosis use in patients with LLI...

BACKGROUND: Leg length inequality (LLI) greater than 20 mm has been associated with low back pain (LBP) and its correction is clinically recommended. Much less is known about the biomechanical effects that LLI below 15 mm has on pelvis orientation. METHODS: Twenty-two adult participants (8 female) aged between 18 and 30 years without LBP were enrolled in the study and completed a series of sit-to-stand trials with no heel-lift (0 mm baseline) and heel-lifts of varying heights (5, 9 and 12 mm) placed in their right shoe...

In the past several years, concussions and post-concussion syndrome (PCS) have become more commonly recognized conditions. However, with limited physiological explanation for post-concussion syndrome, there is also limited evidence supporting effective treatment. The vestibular system plays a role in postural reflexes and coordinated eye and cervical spine movements and is often disrupted in patients with prolonged concussion symptoms. This disruption has contributed to some of the most debilitating symptoms in PCS patients including dizziness, nausea, and balance deficits...

Hip hemiarthroplasty is a commonly performed orthopedic surgery, used to treat proximal femur fractures in the elderly population. Although hip hemiarthroplasty is frequently successful in addressing these injuries, complications can occur. Commonly seen complications include dislocation, periprosthetic fracture, acetabular erosion, and leg-length inequality. Less frequently seen complications include neurovascular injury and capsular interposition. This article presents a comprehensive review of the complications associated with the management of hip hemiarthroplasty...