Clémence David, Mihaly Badonyi, Robin Kechiche, Antonella Insalaco, Marco Zecca, Fabrizio De Benedetti, Simona Orcesi, Luisa Chiapparini, Patrizia Comoli, Silvia Federici, Marco Gattorno, Monia Ginevrino, Elisa Giorgio, Valentina Matteo, Patricia Moran-Alvarez, Davide Politano, Giusi Prencipe, Fabio Sirchia, Stefano Volpi, Cécile Masson, Gillian I Rice, Marie-Louise Frémond, Alice Lepelley, Joseph A Marsh, Yanick J Crow
TLR7 recognizes pathogen-derived single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), a function integral to the innate immune response to viral infection. Notably, TLR7 can also recognize self-derived ssRNA, with gain-of-function mutations in human TLR7 recently identified to cause both early-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and neuromyelitis optica. Here, we describe two novel mutations in TLR7, F507S and L528I. While the L528I substitution arose de novo, the F507S mutation was present in three individuals from the same family, including a severely affected male, notably given that the TLR7 gene is situated on the X chromosome and that all other cases so far described have been female...
February 7, 2024: Journal of Clinical Immunology