keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536462/fine-needle-aspiration-cytology-for-neck-lesions-in-patients-with-antithrombotic-anticoagulant-medications-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dongbin Ahn, Ji Hye Kwak, Gill Joon Lee, Jin Ho Sohn
OBJECTIVES: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the true risk of bleeding and nondiagnostic (ND) specimens associated with fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for neck lesions in patients taking antithrombotic/anticoagulation (AT/AC) medications. METHODS: Using the Population Intervention Comparison and Outcome modeling, we searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases to identify studies published between January 2000 and March 2023 reporting the safety and sample adequacy of FNAC for neck lesions in patients taking AT/AC medications...
March 27, 2024: European Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536448/arterial-spin-labelling-magnetic-resonance-imaging-and-perfusion-patterns-in-neurocognitive-and-other-mental-disorders-a-systematic-review
#22
REVIEW
Rita Ferreira, António J Bastos-Leite
We reviewed 33 original research studies assessing brain perfusion, using consensus guidelines from a "white paper" issued by the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Perfusion Study Group and the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action BM1103 ("Arterial Spin Labelling Initiative in Dementia"; https://www.cost.eu/actions/BM1103/ ). The studies were published between 2011 and 2023 and included participants with subjective cognitive decline plus; neurocognitive disorders, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI); as well as schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar and major depressive disorders, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, panic disorder and alcohol use disorder...
March 27, 2024: Neuroradiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536447/effectiveness-of-fracture-liaison-service-in-reducing-the-risk-of-secondary-fragility-fractures-in-adults-aged-50-and-older-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#23
REVIEW
Musa Sani Danazumi, Nicol Lightbody, Gordana Dermody
To determine and appraise the certainty of fracture liaison service (FLS) in reducing the risk of secondary fragility fractures in older adults aged ≥ 50 years and to examine the nature of the FLS and the roles of various disciplines involved in the delivery of the FLS. Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and The Cochrane Library were searched from January 1st, 2010, to May 31st, 2022. Two reviewers independently extracted data. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies and the PEDro scale for randomized trials, while the GRADE approach established the certainty of the evidence...
March 27, 2024: Osteoporosis International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536446/metformin-treatment-reduces-the-incidence-of-osteoporosis-a-two-sample-mendelian-randomized-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaotian Cai, Gao Jun, Xiaojie Zhuang
UNLABELLED: It remains unclear whether the association between metformin and osteoporosis (OP) risk is causal. This two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study suggests a causal relationship between metformin treatment and a decrease in OP and fracture incidence, as well as an increase in bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and heel. Nonetheless, no significant causal effect is observed on forearm BMD. PURPOSE: We utilize a MR approach to investigate the association between metformin treatment and the risk of OP...
March 27, 2024: Osteoporosis International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536086/frailty-as-a-comprehensive-health-measure-beyond-seizure-control-in-patients-with-epilepsy-a-cross-sectional-study
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emanuele Cerulli Irelli, Maria S Borioni, Alessandra Morano, Adolfo Mazzeo, Pierludovico Moro, Biagio Orlando, Enrico M Salamone, Luca Giordano, Alessio Petrungaro, Marco Toccaceli Blasi, Anna T Giallonardo, Marco Canevelli, Carlo Di Bonaventura
OBJECTIVE: Due to the high clinical heterogeneity of epilepsy, there is a critical need for novel metrics aimed at capturing its biological and phenotypic complexity. Frailty is increasingly recognized in various medical disciplines as a useful construct to understand differences in susceptibility to adverse outcomes. Here, we develop a frailty index (FI) for patients with epilepsy (PwE) and explore its association with demographic and clinical features. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we consecutively enrolled 153 PwE from an outpatient epilepsy clinic...
March 27, 2024: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536056/plant-soil-interactions-during-the-native-and-exotic-range-expansion-of-an-annual-plant
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicky Lustenhouwer, Tom M R Chaubet, Miranda K Melen, Wim H van der Putten, Ingrid M Parker
Range expansions, whether they are biological invasions or climate change-mediated range shifts, may have profound ecological and evolutionary consequences for plant-soil interactions. Range-expanding plants encounter soil biota with which they have a limited coevolutionary history, especially when introduced to a new continent. Past studies have found mixed results on whether plants experience positive or negative soil feedback interactions in their novel range, and these effects often change over time. One important theoretical explanation is that plants locally adapt to the soil pathogens and mutualists in their novel range...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Evolutionary Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536045/functional-anova-for-upper-extremity-fatigue-analysis-during-dynamic-order-picking
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Setareh Kazemi Kheiri, Zahra Vahedi, Hongyue Sun, Fadel M Megahed, Lora A Cavuoto
OCCUPATIONAL APPLICATIONSMusculoskeletal disorders are prevalent among warehouse workers who engage in repetitive and dynamic tasks. To prevent such injuries, it is vital to identify the factors that influence fatigue in the upper extremities during these repetitive activities. Our study reveals that task factors, namely the bottle mass and picking rate, significantly influence upper extremity fatigue. In most cases, the fatigue indicator is a functional variable, meaning that the fatigue score or measurement is a curve captured over time, which could be modeled as a function...
March 27, 2024: IISE transactions on occupational ergonomics and human factors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536007/acute-myocarditis-an-overview-of-pathogenesis-diagnosis-and-management
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marina Zafeiri, Kristopher Knott, Temi Lampejo
Acute myocarditis encompasses a diverse presentation of inflammatory cardiomyopathies with infectious and non-infectious triggers. The clinical presentation is heterogeneous, from subtle symptoms like mild chest pain to life-threatening fulminant heart failure requiring urgent advanced hemodynamic support. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the pathogenesis, diagnostic approach, management strategies, and directions for future research in acute myocarditis...
March 27, 2024: Panminerva Medica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535987/bridging-colloidal-and-electrochemical-syntheses-of-metal-nanocrystals-with-seeded-electrodeposition-for-tracking-single-nanocrystal-growth
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ekta Verma, Myung-Hoon Choi, Nabojit Kar, Lane A Baker, Sara E Skrabalak
Metal nanocrystals (NCs) produced by colloidal synthesis have a variety of structural features, such as different planes, edges, and defects. Even from the best colloidal syntheses, these characteristics are distributed differently in each NC. This inherent heterogeneity can play a significant role in the properties displayed by NCs. This manuscript reports the use of electrochemistry to synthesize Au NCs in a system evaluated to track individual NC growth trajectories as a first step toward rapid identification of NCs with different structural features...
March 27, 2024: Nanoscale
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535979/understanding-multiple-sclerosis-as-a-disease-spectrum-above-and-below-the-clinical-threshold
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen Krieger, Karin Cook, Carrie M Hersh
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Research in multiple sclerosis (MS) has long been predicated on clinical groupings that do not reflect the underlying biologic heterogeneity apparent within patient populations. This review explicates the various levels of explanation through which the spectrum of disease is described and investigated both above and below the clinical threshold of detection, as framed by the topographical model of MS, to help advance a cogent mechanistic framework. RECENT FINDINGS: Contemporary evidence has amended the view of MS as consisting of sequential disease phases in favor of a spectrum of disease with an admixture of interdependent and dynamic pathobiological axes driving tissue injury and progression...
March 28, 2024: Current Opinion in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535962/identifying-the-local-influencing-factors-of-arsenic-concentration-in-suburban-soil-a-multiscale-geographically-weighted-regression-approach
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanli Zhu, Bo Liu, Gui Jin, Zihao Wu, Dongyan Wang
Exploring the local influencing factors and sources of soil arsenic (As) is crucial for reducing As pollution, protecting soil ecology, and ensuring human health. Based on geographically weighted regression (GWR), multiscale GWR (MGWR) considers the different influence ranges of explanatory variables and thus adopts an adaptative bandwidth. It is an effective model in many fields but has not been used in exploring local influencing factors and sources of As. Therefore, using 200 samples collected from the northeastern black soil zone of China, this study examined the effectiveness of MGWR, revealed the spatial non-stationary relationship between As and environmental variables, and determined the local impact factors and pollution sources of As...
March 21, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535961/investigation-of-the-association-between-air-pollution-and-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-in-the-european-population-a-mendelian-randomization-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Yang, Yaqi Zhang, Yin Yuan, Zhongyang Xie, Lanjuan Li
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. At the same time, the relationship between air pollution and the likelihood of developing NAFLD has been a subject of debate due to conflicting findings in previous observational research. Our objective was to examine the potential correlation between air pollutant levels and the risk of NAFLD in the European population by employing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The UK Biobank Consortium provided the summary statistics for various air pollution indicators (PM2...
March 21, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535868/ultrasonographic-renal-subcapsular-thickening-in-cats-with-primary-and-metastatic-carcinoma
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayano Masuyama, Atsushi Toshima, Asami Nakajima, Masahiro Murakami
Ultrasonographic subcapsular thickening caused by renal neoplasia other than lymphoma has been previously reported in cats; however, detailed information is lacking. This study aims to describe ultrasonographic findings in renal subcapsular thickening and renal parenchyma in cats diagnosed or presumed with primary and metastatic carcinoma in the kidney. Ultrasound reports were retrospectively searched from 3 veterinary hospitals and 6 cats with 9 affected kidneys were included. Renal lesions were confirmed either cytologically or histopathologically as primary renal carcinoma with metastasis in the contralateral kidney (in 1 case), or metastatic pulmonary carcinoma (in 3 cases)...
March 20, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535804/heterogeneity-of-size-and-toxin-distribution-in-aggregatibacter-actinomycetemcomitans-outer-membrane-vesicles
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Justin B Nice, Shannon M Collins, Samuel M J Agro, Anxhela Sinani, Spencer D Moros, Leah M Pasch, Angela C Brown
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with localized aggressive periodontitis as well as some systemic diseases. The strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans most closely associated with disease produce more of a secreted leukotoxin (LtxA) than isolates from healthy carriers, suggesting a key role for this toxin in disease progression. LtxA is released into the bacterial cytosol in a free form as well as in association with the surface of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). We previously observed that the highly leukotoxic A...
March 7, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535790/a-comparison-of-the-efficacy-of-antivenoms-and-varespladib-against-the-in-vitro-pre-synaptic-neurotoxicity-of-thai-and-javanese-russell-s-viper-daboia-spp-venoms
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mimi Lay, Wayne C Hodgson
The heterogeneity in venom composition and potency in disparate Eastern Russell's viper ( Daboia siamensis ) populations has repercussions for the efficacy of antivenoms. This is particularly pronounced in geographical areas in which the venom of the local species has not been well studied and locally produced antivenoms are unavailable. In such cases, alternative therapies following envenoming, which are not limited by species specificity, may be employed to complement antivenoms. We studied the neuromuscular activity of D...
March 1, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535737/impact-force-and-velocities-for-kicking-strikes-in-combat-sports-a-literature-review
#36
REVIEW
Daniel Corcoran, Mike Climstein, John Whitting, Luke Del Vecchio
Kicking strikes are fundamental in combat sports such as Taekwondo, karate, kickboxing, Muay Thai, and mixed martial arts. This review aimed to explore the measurement methods, kinematics such as velocities, kinetics such as impact force, determinants, and injury potential of kicking strikes in combat sports. Searches of Academic Search Premier, The Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were conducted for studies that measured kicking velocity and impact force...
March 6, 2024: Sports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535684/rational-design-of-a-portable-chemometric-assisted-voltammetric-sensor-based-on-ion-imprinted-polymeric-film-for-co-ii-determination-in-water
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sabrina Di Masi, Nelson Arturo Manrique Rodriguez, Marco Costa, Giuseppe Egidio De Benedetto, Cosimino Malitesta
Herein, chemometric-assisted synthesis of electrochemical sensors based on electropolymerised ion-imprinted polymeric (e-IIP) films was explored. Co(II)-IIPs sensors were prepared by performing electropolymerisation procedures of polymerisation mixtures comprising varying concentrations of an electroactive o-aminophenol (o-AP) monomer and Co(II) ions, respectively, according to the Taguchi L9 experimental design, exploiting the simultaneous evaluation of other controlled parameters during electrosynthesis. Each e-IIP developed from Taguchi runs was compared with the respective non-imprinted polymer (NIP) films and fitted according to Langmuir-Freudlich isotherms...
March 18, 2024: Nanomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535625/targeted-and-self-adjuvated-nanoglycovaccine-candidate-for-cancer-immunotherapy
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui Freitas, Eduardo Ferreira, Andreia Miranda, Dylan Ferreira, Marta Relvas-Santos, Flávia Castro, Beatriz Santos, Martina Gonçalves, Sofia Quintas, Andreia Peixoto, Carlos Palmeira, André M N Silva, Lúcio Lara Santos, Maria José Oliveira, Bruno Sarmento, José Alexandre Ferreira
Advanced-stage solid primary tumors and metastases often express mucin 16 (MUC16), carrying immature glycans such as the Tn antigen, resulting in specific glycoproteoforms not found in healthy human tissues. This presents a valuable approach for designing targeted therapeutics, including cancer glycovaccines, which could potentially promote antigen recognition and foster the immune response to control disease spread and prevent relapse. In this study, we describe an adjuvant-free poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based nanoglycoantigen delivery approach that outperforms conventional methods by eliminating the need for protein carriers while exhibiting targeted and adjuvant properties...
March 27, 2024: ACS Nano
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535559/current-role-of-surgery-in-the-treatment-of-neurocysticercosis
#39
REVIEW
Pedro Tadao Hamamoto Filho, Luiz Fernando Norcia, Agnès Fleury, Marco Antônio Zanini
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a common parasitic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in low- and middle-income countries. The infection is pleomorphic, caused by the larval form of the cestode, Taenia solium , and part of the heterogeneity of its clinical presentations is associated with the localization of the parasite within the CNS. Changes in the current epidemiological trends of NCC indicate that extra-parenchymal NCC is proportionally becoming more frequent. Extraparenchymal NCC is commonly accompanied by raised intracranial hypertension due to hydrocephalus, which is an emergency requiring cyst extirpation by surgical intervention to relieve the symptoms...
February 29, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535532/advances-in-the-immunology-of-the-host-parasite-interactions-in-african-trypanosomosis-including-single-cell-transcriptomics
#40
REVIEW
Boyoon Choi, Hien Thi Vu, Hai Thi Vu, Magdalena Radwanska, Stefan Magez
Trypanosomes are single-celled extracellular parasites that infect mammals, including humans and livestock, causing global public health concerns and economic losses. These parasites cycle between insect vectors, such as tsetse flies and vertebrate hosts, undergoing morphological, cellular, and biochemical changes. They have remarkable immune evasion mechanisms to escape the host's innate and adaptive immune responses, such as surface coat antigenic variation and the induction of the loss of specificity and memory of antibody responses, enabling the prolongation of infection...
February 20, 2024: Pathogens
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