Yijia Li, Manish C Choudhary, James Regan, Julie Boucau, Anusha Nathan, Tessa Speidel, May Yee Liew, Gregory E Edelstein, Yumeko Kawano, Rockib Uddin, Rinki Deo, Caitlin Marino, Matthew A Getz, Zahra Reynolds, Mamadou Barry, Rebecca F Gilbert, Dessie Tien, Shruti Sagar, Tammy D Vyas, James P Flynn, Sarah P Hammond, Lewis A Novack, Bina Choi, Manuela Cernadas, Zachary S Wallace, Jeffrey A Sparks, Jatin M Vyas, Michael S Seaman, Gaurav D Gaiha, Mark J Siedner, Amy K Barczak, Jacob E Lemieux, Jonathan Z Li
Despite vaccination and antiviral therapies, immunocompromised individuals are at risk for prolonged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but the immune defects that predispose an individual to persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain incompletely understood. In this study, we performed detailed viro-immunologic analyses of a prospective cohort of participants with COVID-19. The median times to nasal viral RNA and culture clearance in individuals with severe immunosuppression due to hematologic malignancy or transplant (S-HT) were 72 and 40 days, respectively, both of which were significantly longer than clearance rates in individuals with severe immunosuppression due to autoimmunity or B cell deficiency (S-A), individuals with nonsevere immunodeficiency, and nonimmunocompromised groups ( P < 0...
January 24, 2024: Science Translational Medicine