Chest wall tumor

The need for complete resection of chest wall tumors creates a huge challenge in terms of reconstructing the complex dynamics of the thorax. We are reporting a case of a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) diagnosed in a young male, where the complete resection of the mass, sternum and parcially the pericardium was performed. Subsequently, a composite porous high-density polyethylene StarPore® prosthesis of the sternum and costal arches was used and the latissimus dorsi muscle free flap with skin graft was implanted over the sternum...

Pleural effusion in the pediatric population is an abnormal pathology characterized by the accumulation of fluids between the parietal and visceral pleura. The etiology of this excessive fluid accumulation can be attributed to both infectious and non-infectious factors. Notably, Streptococcus pneumoniae stands out as the predominant infectious agent responsible for this condition. Non-infectious causative factors encompass hematolymphoid malignancies, congestive heart failure, hemothorax, hypoalbuminemia, and iatrogenic causes...

Fabry disease is a metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in lysosomal enzymes and is inherited as an X-chromosomal disorder. Patients with Fabry disease have a low incidence of cancer, and reports of malignant tumors, especially in the thoracic region, are rare. In this case report, we describe our experience with radiation therapy following breast-conserving surgery in a patient with left breast cancer and Fabry disease, and we review the existing literature. The patient, a woman in her 40s, required postoperative irradiation for left breast cancer (pT1N0M0)...

Background: Structured light plethysmography (SLP) is a novel light-based method that captures chest wall movements to evaluate tidal breathing. Methods: Thirty-two children who underwent lung surgery were enrolled. Their clinical history was collected along with spirometry and SLP. Results: Median age of surgery was 9 months (interquartile range 4-30). Most frequent diagnosis was congenital pulmonary airway malformation (14/32), then pulmonary sequestration (9/32), tumor (5/32), and bronchogenic cyst (4/32)...

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of pediatric chest wall tumors requires accurate surgical planning and tumor localization to achieve radical resections while sparing as much healthy tissue as possible. Augmented Reality (AR) could facilitate surgical decision making by improving anatomical understanding and intraoperative tumor localization. We present our clinical experience with the use of an AR system for intraoperative tumor localization during chest wall resections. Furthermore, we present the pre-clinical results of a new registration method to improve our conventional AR system...

BACKGROUND: Spinal aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare, histologically benign tumors with aggressive behavior, which may cause bone and soft-tissue destruction, particularly affecting neural elements. Management of these tumors, including treatment modalities and follow-up protocols, remains challenging. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 7-year-old boy presented with chest wall pain persisting for two months before admission, accompanied by progressive mono paresis lasting ten days before admission...

Primary chest wall tumors are rare, their common clinical features are not well known, and surgical resection remains the main treatment. Apical chest wall tumors require large skin incisions and dissection of the chest wall muscles, making it difficult to maintain cosmetic appearance, respiratory function, and support of the upper extremity. There are few treatment options and no studies have reported on thoracotomy that spares muscles and preserves cosmetic superiority. However, in benign chest wall tumors in young patients, it is necessary to consider radicality, cosmetic superiority, and muscle sparing...

BACKGROUND: Combined resection of lung cancer and the thoracic aortic wall with thoracic aortic endografting has been reported. However, whether the resection and endografting should be performed simultaneously or in two steps remains controversial. CASE PRESENTATION: A 68-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of left chest pain. Chest contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a huge tumor of the left lower lung lobe, and invasion to the aortic wall was suspected...

INTRODUCTION: The management of malignant spinal cord compression (mSCC) is a demanding task. The main challenges of mSCC include various manifestations and unpredictable outcomes with indiscriminate treatment recommendations. Because of attendant urgency with potentially devastating health consequences, the SCC is an emotionally disturbing experience whose management could take an impulsive rather than rational approach. The treatment strategy is particularly problematic when mSCC is caused by a malignant lymphoma with its protean attributes...

Atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor (ASPLT) is a recently described adipocytic tumor predominantly affecting the subcutaneous soft tissues of adults. Previous studies have shown that ASPLT follows a benign clinical course with a 4-12% local recurrence rate and no risk of dedifferentiation. Herein, we describe the clinicopathological and molecular findings of four cases of ASPLT showing unequivocal sarcomatous transformation. Three patients were male and one was female, aged 65, 70, 74 and 78 years...

OBJECTIVE: The present case study aims at drawing attention to a very rare presentation of the sternalis muscle noticed during routine dissection, and is intended to highlight the clinical significance and usefulness of this unique muscle in reconstructive surgeries, especially of the breast. CASE REPORT: Though many morphological variants of the muscle have been reported, we came across a unique bilateral sternalis muscle during routine dissection for undergraduate medical teaching, in an 80-year-old male cadaver...

Benign tumors of the chest wall are rare tumors that might arise from all the tissues of the chest: vessels, nerves, bones, cartilage, and soft tissues. Despite benign features, these tumors can have several histological characteristics and different behaviors. Even if they do not influence life expectancy, rarely they may have a potential risk of malignant transformation. They can cause several, oft, unspecific symptoms but more than 20% of affected patients are asymptomatic and are being diagnosed incidentally on chest radiograph or computed tomography scan...

Sternal resection and reconstruction is a rare but sometimes challenging procedure due to its profound anatomical and functional implications. For these reasons, an adequate preoperative evaluation is crucial in each patient, especially when we are faced with malignant lesions that sometimes require extensive radical resections, thus demanding an integrated reconstructive strategy that allows stabilizing the chest wall, protecting the underlying mediastinum and minimize resulting deformity. The large number of available reconstruction techniques and the lack of quality studies for their analysis mean that sternal reconstruction depends to a great extent on the consensus of experts or, more frequently, on the simple preference of each surgical team...

Pancoast tumors, also known as superior sulcus tumors, encompass a diverse spectrum of neoplasms that infiltrate the apex of the chest wall, yielding distinctive clinical presentations. One of the earliest signs of tumor growth is pain radiating to the upper limb, stemming from peripheral nerve involvement, which can mimic joint pain or spinal radicular irritation. In this case report, we present the clinical history of a 64-year-old female smoker who had previously been recommended for orthopedic elbow surgery due to epicondylitis...

RATIONALE: Intercostal hemangioma (IH) is an extremely rare disease, with only 18 cases reported in the past 30 years. Herein, we report the first case of IH coexisting with multiple hepatic hemangiomas, which recurred 32 months after surgery with rib erosion. IHs are invasive and difficult to distinguish from other intercostal tumors on imaging. To date, there have been no review articles on the imaging findings of IHs. We hope that this article will help clinicians improve their ability to diagnose and treat IH...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical significance of genetic and molecular changes in primary myeloid sarcoma (MS). METHODS: Fourteen patients with primary MS were selected in Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang from September 2010 to December 2021. AML1-ETO fusion, PML-RARα fusion and CBFβ breakage were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and the mutations of NPM1, CEBPA, FLT3, RUNX1, ASXL1, KIT and TP53 genes were detected by new generation sequencing (NGS)...

BACKGROUND: Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a rare type of soft tissue sarcoma that often involves the deep soft tissue of the extremities and trunk in young and middle-aged adults. It is uncommon in the elderly. Here we discuss a case of LGFMS in an elderly patient who had recurrence and metastasis within 2 years of resection of the primary tumor. CASE REPORT: A 71-year-old LGFMS patient was presented with a mass in the left forearm accompanied by pain and numbness from the left upper arm to fingers...

BACKGROUND: Low-grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma(LGFM)is a rare fibrosarcoma, which mainly occurs in young people and is mostly seen in the trunk and limbs. The tumor is usually FUS-CREB3L2 fusion caused by t(7;16)(q32-34;p11)chromosome translocation, and rarely FUS-CREB3L1 and EWSR1-CREB3L1 fusion. MUC4 diffuse strong positive can be used as a specific index of LGFM. LGFM is similar to Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma(SEF) and may have the same origin. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of LGFM in the chest wall...

Lipomas are the most prevalent type of benign soft tissue tumors, primarily composed of adipocytes, and typically remain asymptomatic unless they reach a significant size. Although giant lipomas are infrequent, their occurrence on the chest wall, particularly in the interpectoral region, is exceedingly rare. We present a unique case of a 48-year-old man with a massive interpectoral lipoma measuring 19.4 × 12.9 × 9.4 cm, which resulted in venous thoracic outlet syndrome by compressing the subclavian vein...

The survival outcomes of patients with chest wall sarcomas (CWS) were evaluated after receiving wide excision and chest wall reconstruction by using three-dimensional printed (3DP) implants. The survival outcomes evaluating the effect of 3DP implants for chest wall reconstruction is lacking. Here, forty-nine patients with CWS underwent radical wide excision and chest wall reconstruction using 3DP implants. The surgical data and long-term survival outcomes were collected and analyzed. With a median follow-up of 36 months, the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 31...