keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/100001003/emergency-management-of-sepsis-the-simple-stuff-saves-lives
#1
David Sweet , Julian Marsden , Kendall Ho , Christina Krause , James A Russell
Many emergency departments have implemented sepsis protocols since the 2001 publication of results from the early goal-directed therapy trial, which showed early targeted resuscitation lowers mortality. As part of an attempt to improve clinical and operational outcomes for emergency departments across British Columbia, we reviewed sepsis management literature and considered sepsis protocol implementation in the province’s emergency departments. During the literature review we found that many observational studies confirmed an association between implementation of emergency sepsis protocols and decreased mortality...
May 2012: British Columbia Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535886/stop-in-time-how-to-reduce-unnecessary-antibiotics-in-newborns-with-late-onset-sepsis-in-neonatal-intensive-care
#2
REVIEW
Domenico Umberto De Rose, Maria Paola Ronchetti, Alessandra Santisi, Paola Bernaschi, Ludovica Martini, Ottavia Porzio, Andrea Dotta, Cinzia Auriti
The fear of missing sepsis episodes in neonates frequently leads to indiscriminate use of antibiotics, and prescription program optimization is suggested for reducing this inappropriate usage. While different authors have studied how to reduce antibiotic overprescription in the case of early onset sepsis episodes, with different approaches being available, less is known about late-onset sepsis episodes. Biomarkers (such as C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6 and 8, and presepsin) can play a crucial role in the prompt diagnosis of late-onset sepsis, but their role in antimicrobial stewardship should be further studied, given that different factors can influence their levels and newborns can be subjected to prolonged therapy if their levels are expected to return to zero...
March 19, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535612/fungemia-by-wickerhamomyces-anomalus-a-narrative-review
#3
REVIEW
Petros Ioannou, Stella Baliou, Diamantis P Kofteridis
Wickerhamomyces anomalus has been previously classified as Hansenula anomala , Pichia anomala , and Candida pelliculosa and was recently reclassified in the genus Wickerhamomyces after phylogenetic analysis of its genetic sequence. An increasing number of reports of human infections by W. anomalus have emerged, suggesting that this microorganism is an emerging pathogen. The present review aimed to provide data on the epidemiology, antifungal resistance, clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of fungemia by W...
March 21, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535577/-staphylococcus-capitis-central-line-associated-bloodstream-infections-in-the-neonatal-intensive-care-unit-a-single-center-four-year-experience-in-central-line-management-during-sepsis-treatment
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Sala, Valentina Pivetti, Alessandra Vittorini, Claudia Viggiano, Francesca Castoldi, Valentina Fabiano, Gianluca Lista, Francesco Cavigioli
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are reportedly responsible for 50-60% of bloodstream infections in very preterm (<1500 g) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Staphylococcus capitis is an increasingly prevalent pathogen in the neonatal setting, frequently causing central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) that can be difficult to eradicate. Central venous catheter (CVC) removal versus in situ treatment with CoNS CLABSIs is a controversial treatment strategy with no clear consensus...
March 7, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534685/an-overview-of-antibiotic-therapy-for-early-and-late-onset-neonatal-sepsis-current-strategies-and-future-prospects
#5
REVIEW
Giovanni Boscarino, Rossana Romano, Carlotta Iotti, Francesca Tegoni, Serafina Perrone, Susanna Esposito
Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome mainly associated with a bacterial infection leading to severe clinical manifestations that could be associated with fatal sequalae. According to the time of onset, neonatal sepsis is categorized as early- (EOS) or late-onset sepsis (LOS). Despite blood culture being the gold standard for diagnosis, it has several limitations, and early diagnosis is not immediate. Consequently, most infants who start empirical antimicrobial therapy do not have an underlying infection. Despite stewardship programs partially reduced this negative trend, in neonatology, antibiotic overuse still persists, and it is associated with several relevant problems, the first of which is the increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR)...
March 10, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534664/efficacy-of-continuous-vs-intermittent-administration-of-cefepime-in-adult-icu-patients-with-gram-negative-bacilli-bacteremia-a-randomized-double-blind-clinical-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Arturo Álvarez-Moreno, Laura Cristina Nocua-Báez, Guillermo Ortiz, Juan Carlos Torres, Gabriel Montenegro, Williams Cervera, Luis Fernando Zuluaga, Alonso Gómez
INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to compare the continuous infusion of cefepime with the intermittent infusion in patients with sepsis caused by Gram-negative bacilli (GNB). METHODS: Randomized 1:1 multicenter double-blinded placebo-controlled study with allocation concealment; multicenter study in the intensive care units of Colombia. Patients with sepsis, severe sepsis or septic shock, and GNB-suspected bacteremia. Cefepime was administered for 7 to 14 days over 30 m intermittently every 8 h over 24 h plus continuous saline solution (0...
February 29, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534389/harnessing-extracellular-micrornas-for-diagnostics-and-therapeutics-in-acute-systemic-inflammation
#7
REVIEW
Russell Hollis, Monowar Aziz, Asha Jacob, Ping Wang
Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are small sequences of genetic materials that are primarily transcribed from the intronic regions of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNAs), and they are pivotal in regulating messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. miRNAs were first discovered to regulate mRNAs of the same cell in which they were transcribed. Recent studies have unveiled their ability to traverse cells, either encapsulated in vesicles or freely bound to proteins, influencing distant recipient cells. Activities of extracellular miRNAs have been observed during acute inflammation in clinically relevant pathologies, such as sepsis, shock, trauma, and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries...
March 19, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534211/diagnosis-and-management-of-catastrophic-antiphospholipid-syndrome-and-the-potential-impact-of-the-2023-acr-eular-antiphospholipid-syndrome-classification-criteria
#8
REVIEW
Lucas Jacobs, Nader Wauters, Yahya Lablad, Johann Morelle, Maxime Taghavi
Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is a rare and life-threatening condition characterized by the persistence of antiphospholipid antibodies and occurrence of multiple vascular occlusive events. CAPS currently remains a diagnostic challenge and requires urgent treatment. The diagnosis of CAPS is made difficult by classification criteria used as diagnostic criteria in clinical practice, knowledge derived from retrospective data and case reports, confounding clinical and biological features, and its rapid onset and mortality...
March 12, 2024: Antibodies
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531552/infectious-purpura-fulminans-associated-with-pneumococcal-septicaemia-in-a-patient-with-unacknowledged-functional-asplenia
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Savannah Duus, Sanne Jespersen, Christian Wejse
Purpura fulminans (PF) is a life-threatening complication of septic shock that can occur due to disseminated infections with Streptococcus pneumoniae The spleen is an important organ in the immunisation process against encapsulated bacteria. Patients with asplenia, either functional or anatomical, are therefore at increased risk of developing serious infections and complications, such as PF, if infected with such bacteria.This case report presents a woman in her late 40s with unacknowledged functional asplenia who was admitted to the hospital with signs of an acute disseminated infection causing septic shock, signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation and infectious PF...
March 25, 2024: BMJ Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531484/inhibition-of-soluble-epoxide-hydrolase-as-a-therapeutic-approach-for-blood-brain-barrier-dysfunction
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuo Li, Huijia Song, Yanping Sun, Yongjun Sun, Huimin Zhang, Zibin Gao
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a protective semi-permeable structure that regulates the exchange of biomolecules between the peripheral blood and the central nervous system (CNS). Due to its specialized tight junctions and low vesicle trafficking, the BBB strictly limits the paracellular passage and transcellular transport of molecules to maintain the physiological condition of brain tissues. BBB breakdown is associated with many CNS disorders. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a hydrolase enzyme that converts epoxy-fatty acids (EpFAs) to their corresponding diols and is involved in the onset and progression of multiple diseases...
March 24, 2024: Biochimie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530649/iatrogenic-hyperchloremia-an-overview-in-hospitalized-patients-for-pharmacists
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amoreena Most, Sarah Nordbeck, Nicholas Farina
DISCLAIMER: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. PURPOSE: The purpose of this therapeutic update is to provide pharmacists with a general overview of the pathophysiology of hyperchloremia and describe strategies to help prevent development of this electrolyte abnormality in hospitalized patients...
March 26, 2024: American Journal of Health-system Pharmacy: AJHP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530494/bacteriuria-in-patients-with-stented-ureters-predictors-of-infection-in-patients-presenting-to-the-hospital-and-when-not-to-treat
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deepak Batura, Momin Elsweefy, Rhea Chouhan, Paul Bassett, Guduru Gopal Rao
PURPOSE: Patients with ureteric stents have symptoms that overlap with infection symptoms. Thus, clinicians unnecessarily give antibiotics to stented patients with bacteriuria despite guidelines. In stented patients, little is known about risk factors for developing bacteriuria or urosepsis. The objectives were to identify the frequency and risk factors for developing bacteriuria and urosepsis in patients with stents. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed patients with ureteric stents placed or exchanged over 1 year...
March 26, 2024: World Journal of Urology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527992/the-influence-of-sepsis-on-erythrocytes-morphology-case-report-and-literature-review
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cristian Mircea Nicolescu, Silviu Daniel Moldovan
This paper highlights a clinical case of sepsis caused by soft tissue infection. Peripheral blood smear, plasma value of inflammatory biomarkers and the white blood cells count were performed. Significant morphological changes were revealed through peripheral blood smear test two days after patient admission. Patient developed septic shock after the third day in intensive care unit (ICU). Laboratory results showed major morphological changes (erythrocytes deformity, abnormal neutrophils); these were correlated with elevated plasma value of interleukin-6 and procalcitonin...
2024: Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526929/timing-of-decompressive-surgery-in-patients-with-acute-spinal-cord-injury-systematic-review-update
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael G Fehlings, Laureen D Hachem, Lindsay A Tetreault, Andrea C Skelly, Joseph R Dettori, Erika D Brodt, Shay Stabler-Morris, Britt J Redick, Nathan Evaniew, Allan R Martin, Benjamin Davies, Farzin Farahbakhsh, James D Guest, Daniel Graves, Radha Korupolu, Stephen L McKenna, Brian K Kwon
STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. OBJECTIVE: Surgical decompression is a cornerstone in the management of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI); however, the influence of the timing of surgery on neurological recovery after acute SCI remains controversial. This systematic review aims to summarize current evidence on the effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness of early (≤24 hours) or late (>24 hours) surgery in patients with acute traumatic SCI for all levels of the spine...
March 2024: Global Spine Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525759/hemophagocytic-lymphohistiocytosis-hlh-in-patients-with-tick-borne-illness-a-scoping-review-of-98-cases
#15
REVIEW
Dorde Jevtic, Marilia Dagnon da Silva, Alberto Busmail Haylock, Charles W Nordstrom, Stevan Oluic, Nikola Pantic, Milan Nikolajevic, Nikola Nikolajevic, Magdalena Kotseva, Igor Dumic
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) secondary to tick-borne infections is a rare but potentially life-threatening syndrome. We performed a scoping review according to PRISMA guidelines to systematically analyze the existing literature on the topic. A total of 98 patients were included, with a mean age of 43.7 years, of which 64% were men. Most cases, 31%, were reported from the USA. Immunosuppression was present in 21.4%, with the most common cause being previous solid organ transplantation. Constitutional symptoms were the most common, observed in 83...
February 21, 2024: Infectious Disease Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524344/anatomical-outcome-of-laser-treatment-alone-in-aggressive-retinopathy-of-prematurity
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anamika Dwivedi, Deepak Dwivedi, Sujata Lakhtakia, Chalisgaonkar Charudutt
PURPOSE: The purpose is to study the anatomical outcome of eyes in aggressive retinopathy of prematurity (AROP), treated with laser photocoagulation alone and to evaluate factors affecting outcomes. METHODS: Records of consecutive babies diagnosed with AROP, undergoing laser photocoagulation treatment in rural tertiary care centers from October 2016 to January 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Anatomical outcome at 6 months follow-up was grouped as good in eyes with complete regression and poor in those who developed retinal detachment (stage IV a, IV b, and V)...
2024: Oman Journal of Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524227/-campylobacter-infections-with-and-without-bacteremia-a-comparative-retrospective-population-based-study
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Torgny Sunnerhagen, Rasmus Grenthe, Christian Kampmann, Sara Karlsson Söbirk, Anna Bläckberg
BACKGROUND: Bacteremia with species in the genus Campylobacter is rare, and knowledge of the disease course in comparison with Campylobacter enteritis is limited. METHODS: This is a retrospective population-based study. Episodes of Campylobacter bacteremia and Campylobacter enteritis with a concurrent negative blood culture result that occurred between 2015 and 2022 in southern Sweden were identified through the laboratory database. Medical records were reviewed, and clinical features between patients with bacteremic Campylobacter infections were compared with patients with Campylobacter spp found in feces...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523937/determining-the-association-between-the-origin-of-sepsis-and-the-severity-of-sepsis-in-intensive-care-unit-icu-patients-using-acute-physiology-and-chronic-health-evaluation-apache-iv
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antony J Arumairaj, Imnett Habtes, Hansang Park, Julio C Valencia-Manrique, Jennifer Arzu, Joseph Mattana, Shobhana Chaudhari, Natoushka Trenard, Thomas Newman
Objective The objective of this study is to compare the outcomes of hospital mortality, the requirement of invasive ventilation, vasopressor requirement, duration of vasopressor requirement, and duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay among the different causes of sepsis and to determine which cause of sepsis had the most severe outcomes. Methods A retrospective chart review was done in critically ill adult patients who were admitted with sepsis to the ICU from July 2017 until July 2019. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) IV scores were calculated on patients admitted to ICU on day one of ICU admission...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523902/high-power-holmium-laser-versus-thulium-fiber-laser-for-endoscopic-enucleation-of-the-prostate-in-patients-with-glands-larger-than-80%C3%A2-ml-results-from-the-prostate-endoscopic-enucleation-study-group
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ee Jean Lim, Daniele Castellani, Bhaskar K Somani, Mehmet I Gökce, Khi Yung Fong, Fernando G Sancha, Thomas R W Herrmann, Sarvajit Biligere, Azimdjon N Tursunkulov, Marco Dellabella, Mario Sofer, Dmitry Enikeev, Vladislav Petov, Nariman Gadzhiev, Dean Elterman, Abhay Mahajan, Moises R Socarras, Dilmurod S Yunusov, Furkat Nasirov, Jeremy Y C Teoh, Vineet Gauhar
BACKGROUND: Endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (EEP) has gained acceptance as an equitable alternative to transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Our primary aim is to compare peri-operative outcomes of EEP using thulium fiber laser (TFL) against high-power holmium laser (HPHL) in hands of experienced surgeons for large prostates (≥80 ml in volume). Secondary outcomes were assess complications within 1 year of follow up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent EEP with TFL or HPHL in 13 centers (January 2019-January 2023)...
March 2024: Prostate International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523635/efficacy-and-safety-of-levosimendan-in-patients-with-sepsis-a-systematic-review-and-network-meta-analysis
#20
Ruimin Tan, He Guo, Zinan Yang, Huihui Yang, Qinghao Li, Qiong Zhu, Quansheng Du
Objective: We conducted a systematic review to assess the advantages and disadvantages of levosimendan in patients with sepsis compared with placebo, milrinone, and dobutamine and to explore the clinical efficacy of different concentrations of levosimendan. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang data, VIP, and CBM databases were searched using such keywords as simendan, levosimendan, and sepsis. The search time was from the establishment of the database to July 2023. Two researchers were responsible for literature screening and data collection respectively...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
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