High protein in urine

Biomarkers play a crucial role in advancing precision medicine by enabling more targeted and individualized approaches to diagnosis and treatment. Various biofluids, including serum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), saliva, tears, pancreatic cyst fluids, and urine, have been identified as rich sources of potential for the early detection of disease biomarkers in conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The analysis of plasma and serum in proteomics research encounters challenges due to their high complexity and the wide dynamic range of protein abundance...

PURPOSE: A rapid and reliable method was developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of 52 antibiotics (cephalosporins, penicillins, carbapenems, lincosamides, quinolones, nitroimidazoles, macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, glycopeptide) in urine and whole blood by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). METHOD: Analytes were extracted by dilution or protein precipitation and analyzed on an Agilent 1260 HPLC system coupled to an Agilent 6470 Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer...

OBJECTIVE: To understand the awareness and practice of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) or nephropathy screening among community-based patients with type 2 diabetes in six provinces and cities in China, and to analyse the related factors affecting screening practices. METHODS: From December 2021 to March 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire in 6230 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 18 years and older. The content of the questionnaire includes three parts: the general situation of diabetic patients (gender, age, ethnicity, marriage, education, occupation, etc...

BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is an inflammatory disease affecting multiple organs including the kidney. Immunoglobulin G4-related kidney disease most commonly manifests as a tubulointerstitial nephritis and is associated with glomerular disease in a proportion of cases. Membranous nephropathy is the most frequent glomerular lesion. Herein, we report the first documented case of immunoglobulin G4-related disease presenting with nephrotic syndrome owing to minimal change disease...

INTRODUCTION: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute infectious disease comprising five stages: fever, hypotension, oliguria, diuresis (polyuria), and convalescence. Increased vascular permeability, coagulopathy, and renal injury are typical clinical features of HFRS, which has a case fatality rate of 1-15%. Despite this, a comprehensive meta-analyses of the clinical characteristics of patients who died from HFRS is lacking. METHODS: Eleven Chinese- and English-language research databases were searched, including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang Database, SinoMed, VIP Database, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Proquest, and Ovid, up to October 5, 2023...

The Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, with its low sodium and high potassium content, acts like a diuretic by reducing sodium reabsorption in the kidney's distal convoluted tubule but without the side effects. Previous studies based on animal models didn't explore changes in human ion channel proteins. Recent insights into urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) suggest they reflect kidney tissue and physiological modifications. In our inpatient study, we shifted hypertensive volunteers from an American diet to the DASH diet, examining changes in those with stage 1 untreated hypertension...

BACKGROUND: Exposure to phthalate/DINCH metabolites can induce human reproductive toxicity, however, their endocrine-disrupting mechanisms are not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between concentrations of phthalate/DINCH metabolites, serum kisspeptin, and reproductive hormones among European teenagers from three of the HBM4EU Aligned Studies. METHODS: In 733 Belgian (FLEHS IV study), Slovak (PCB cohort follow-up), and Spanish (BEA study) teenagers, ten phthalate and two DINCH metabolites were measured in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is a scarcity of data stemming from large-scale epidemiological longitudinal studies focusing on potentially preventable and controllable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementia (ADRD). This study aimed to examine the effect of multiple metabolic factors and cardiovascular disorders on the risk of cognitive decline and AD/ADRD. METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of 6,440 participants aged 45-84 years at baseline...

BACKGROUND: Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors are high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia. AIM: To investigate the impact of sodium-glucose 2 co-transporter inhibitors (SGLT-2i) on modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in Romanian patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHOD: A retrospective study was conducted on 200 Romanian patients with T2DM who were being treated with SGLT-2i, either Dapagliflozin or Empagliflozin...

CONTEXT: Patients with younger onset of type 2 diabetes (YT2D) have increased risk for kidney failure compared to those with late onset. However, the mechanism of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression in this high-risk group is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To identify novel biomarkers and potential causal proteins associated with DKD progression in patients with YT2D. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Among YT2D (T2D onset age ≤ 40 years), 144 DKD progressors (cases) were matched for T2D onset age, sex, and ethnicity with 292 non-progressors (controls) and divided into discovery and validation sets...

Domestic dogs and cats have evolved differentially in some aspects of nutrition, metabolism, chemical sensing, and feeding behavior. The dogs have adapted to omnivorous diets containing taurine-abundant meat and starch-rich plant ingredients. By contrast, domestic cats must consume animal-sourced foods for survival, growth, and development. Both dogs and cats synthesize vitamin C and many amino acids (AAs, such as alanine, asparagine, aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, proline, and serine), but have a limited ability to form de novo arginine and vitamin D3 ...

The accurate diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy relies on achieving ultrasensitive biosensing for biomarker detection. However, existing biosensors face challenges such as poor sensitivity, complexity, time-consuming procedures, and high assay costs. To address these limitations, we report a WS2 -based plasmonic biosensor for the ultrasensitive detection of biomarker candidates in clinical human urine samples associated with diabetic nephropathy. Leveraging plasmonic-based electrochemical impedance microscopy (P-EIM) imaging, we observed a remarkable charge sensitivity in monolayer WS2 single crystals...

BACKGROUND: Clinical studies have shown that diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) has been on the rise, with most patients presenting with severe and progressive symptoms. Currently, most of the available prediction models for DPN are derived from general clinical information and laboratory indicators. Several Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) indicators have been utilised to construct prediction models. In this study, we established a novel machine learning-based multi-featured Chinese-Western medicine-integrated prediction model for DPN using clinical features of TCM...

BACKGROUND: Although 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a has been proposed as a potential biomarker for oxidative stress in airway diseases, its specific role in asthma remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic potential of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a in assessing airway inflammation, airway remodeling, airway hyperresponsiveness, and oxidative stress in asthma. METHODS: Blood and urine concentrations of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in 128 adults with asthma who had maintained anti-asthmatic medications...

This research analyzes immunological response patterns to SARS-CoV-2 infection in blood and urine in individuals with serum cotinine-confirmed exposure to nicotine. Samples of blood and urine were obtained from a total of 80 patients admitted to hospital within 24 h of admission (tadm ), 48 h later (t48h ), and 7 days later (t7d ) if patients remained hospitalized or at discharge. Serum cotinine above 3.75 ng/mL was deemed as biologically significant exposure to nicotine. Viral load was measured with serum SARS-CoV-2 S-spike protein...

CONTEXT: High-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy and oral high-dose prednisone are two common treatments for pediatric nephrotic syndrome (NS). While both treatments have shown effectiveness for patients with pediatric NS to some extent, a clear comparison of their efficacy and safety remains elusive, posing a challenge for clinicians when devising treatment plans. OBJECTIVE: The study intended to compare the efficacy and safety of high-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy and conventional oral high-dose prednisone for pediatric patients with NS, to provide more accurate treatment recommendations for clinicians to optimize their treatment plans, improve their QoL, and prevent complications...

Sodium-glucose cotransporter, type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are emerging as the gold standard for treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with renal protective benefits independent of glucose lowering. We took a high-level approach to evaluate the effects of the SGLT2i, empagliflozin (EMPA) on renal metabolism and function in a prediabetic model of metabolic syndrome. Male and female 12-wk-old TallyHo (TH) mice, and their closest genetic lean strain (Swiss-Webster, SW) were treated with a high-milk-fat diet (HMFD) plus/minus EMPA (@0...

Noninvasive and effortless diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains challenging. Here we report the multiplexed profiling of extracellular vesicle (EV) surface proteins at the single EV level in five types of easily accessible body fluids using a proximity barcoding assay (PBA). A total of 183 surface proteins were detected on the EVs from body fluids collected from APP/PS1 transgenic mice and patients with AD. The AD-associated differentially expressed EV proteins could discriminate between the control and AD/AD model samples with high accuracy...

Viral outbreaks can cause widespread disruption, creating the need for diagnostic tools that provide high performance and sample versatility at the point of use with moderate complexity. Current gold standards such as PCR and rapid antigen tests fall short in one or more of these aspects. Here, we report a label-free and amplification-free nanopore sensor platform that overcomes these challenges via direct detection and quantification of viral RNA in clinical samples from a variety of biological fluids. The assay uses an optofluidic chip that combines optical waveguides with a fluidic channel and integrates a solid-state nanopore for sensing of individual biomolecules upon translocation through the pore...

The improper use and overuse of antibiotics have led to significant burdens and detrimental effects on the environment, food supply, and human health. Herein, a magnetic solid-phase extraction program and an optical immunosensor based on bimetallic Ce/Zr-UiO 66 for the detection of antibiotics are developed. A magnetic Fe3 O4 @SiO2 @Ce/Zr-UiO 66 metal-organic framework (MOF) is prepared to extract and enrich chloramphenicol from fish, wastewater, and urine samples, and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-Ce/Zr-UiO 66@bovine serum protein-chloramphenicol probe is used for the sensitive detection of chloramphenicol based on the dual-effect catalysis of Ce and HRP...