Storage blood

Xenon is a rare, mostly inert, noble gas that has applications in a wide range of fields, including medicine. Xenon acts on the human body as a useful organ-protective and anesthetic agent and has also been previously studied for potential applications in fields such as optics, aerospace and medical imaging. Recently, it was discovered that xenon can boost erythropoietin production, and it has been used as a performance-enhancing agent in international sports competitions such as the Sochi Olympic Games. Therefore, screening methods to detect the misuse of xenon by analysis of biological samples and to monitor anesthesia kinetics and efficiency are being investigated...

Deuteration of the exchangeable hydrogens of [15N2]urea was found here to prolong the T1 of the 15N sites to more than 3 min at physiological temperatures. This significant increase in the lifetime of the hyperpolarized state of [15N2]urea, compared to [13C]urea - a pre-clinically proven perfusion agent, makes [15N2]urea a promising perfusion agent. The molecular parameters that may lead to this profound effect were assessed by investigating small molecules with different molecular structures containing 15N sites bound to labile protons and determining the hyperpolarized 15N T1 in H2O and D2O...

BACKGROUND: Carbon monoxide (CO) inhalation protects organ by reducing inflammation and cell death during transplantation processes in animal model. However, using CO in clinical transplantation is difficult due to its delivery in a controlled manner. A manganese-containing CORM-401 has recently been synthesized which can efficiently deliver 3 molar equivalents of CO. We report the ability of this anti-inflammatory CORM-401 to reduce ischemia reperfusion injury associated with prolonged cold storage of renal allografts obtained from donation after cardiac death in a porcine model of transplantation...

The viviparous teleost Heterandria formosa is a remarkable species for its reproductive characters including: (a) the smallest oocyte in viviparous fish species; (b) a high level of matrotrophy with a complex placenta; and (c) the highest level of superfetation. Superfetation involves (d) the continuous development of oocytes and fertilization at the same time with embryos in gestation. The sequential fertilization of oocytes requires (e) storage of spermatozoa in the ovary. Among these characteristics, fertilization is of fundamental interest, specifically the intrafollicular fertilization of poeciliids, species that do not present micropyle, and the consequent formation of the fertilization plug, a structure developed at the periphery of the follicle where the entrance of spermatozoa occurs...

BACKGROUND: Blood transfusion is common in the resuscitation of patients with traumatic injury. However, the clinical impact of the length of storage of transfused blood is unclear in this population. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We undertook a prespecified nested analysis of 372 trauma victims of the 2510 critically ill patients from 64 centers treated as part of the Age of Blood Evaluation (ABLE) randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized according to their trauma status to receive either a transfusion of fresh blood stored not more than 7 days or standard-issue blood...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Preserved red blood cells (RBCs) in vitro undergo a series of morphological, functional and metabolic changes during storage. RBC metabolites accumulate over time during storage, the toxicity of the supernatants of RBCs (SSRBCs) on tissue cells is largely unknown. Here, we aimed to study cardiomyocyte toxicity by supernatant of long term-stored RBCs in vitro and to discover elements involved in the mechanism. METHODS: Using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) and real-time cell analyzing (RTCA), we analyzed the cardiotoxicity of d0, d14 and d35 SSRBCs...

Plasticizer di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is known as an endocrine disruptor and a peroxisome proliferator. A currently epidemiological study has suggested that daily high di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) intake from phthalate-tainted foods in children may be a risk factor for renal dysfunction. DEHP can leach from medical devices such as blood storage bags and the tubing. Long-term exposure to DEHP is associated with nephropathy and exacerbates chronic kidney diseases (CKD) progression. However, the detailed effects and molecular mechanisms remain unclear...

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the analytical bias in haematological parameters induced by storage at 33 ºC. Materials and methods: Blood from the diversion pouch of 20 blood donors were collected in K 2 EDTA vials and stored at 33 ºC. Readings from each vial were taken at 0, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after collection on the Sysmex XP-100 analyser (Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan). The percent difference from the baseline readings were calculated and subjected to a Wilcoxon signed rank test at a Holm corrected significance level of 0...

Introduction: Plasma lactate is a frequently used and important parameter for medical decision making. To setup a pre-analytical algorithm, we aimed to investigate the influence of different test tube additives, aliquoting, ice storage and haemolysis on plasma lactate concentrations for possible sparing critically ill (ICU) patients of additional blood drawing. Materials and methods: In our study (N = 177), lactate concentration and haemolysis index (HI) were measured in aliquoted (AHP) and unaliquoted (HP) Li-heparin, NaF/K3 EDTA and NaF/KOX plasma, centrifuged within 15 minutes after venipuncture, on Cobas c501 analyzer...

Macrophages play important roles in recycling iron derived from the clearance of red blood cells (RBCs). They are also a critically important component of host defense, protecting against invading pathogens. However, the effects on macrophage biology of acutely ingesting large numbers of RBCs are not completely understood. To investigate this issue, we used a mouse model of RBC transfusion and clearance, which mimics the clinical setting. In this model, transfusions of refrigerator storage-damaged (i.e., "old") RBCs led to increased erythrophagocytosis by splenic red pulp macrophages (RPMs)...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences of metabolic pathways of leucocyte-deplated RBCs prepared by using lipid whole blood and nomal blood during routine storage so as to provide some reference for clinical blood use. METHODS: Twenty U whole blood from 20 donors, including 10 U lipid blood and 10 U normal whole blood, were selected for preparing leukodepleted red blood cells, red blood cells were taken from storage bags on day 0, 14 and 35, respectively. Metabolites in the red blood cells were analyzed, red blood cell metabolic extracts were detected by UPLC-MS/MS...

BACKGROUND: After transfusion of senescent red blood cells (RBCs) a considerable fraction is rapidly cleared from the recipients' circulation. Thus, transfusion of senescent RBCs may be less effective in terms of increasing hemoglobin concentration (cHb) after transfusion. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were retrospectively obtained in patients who underwent major abdominal surgery between 2006 and 2012. Patients were eligible if they received RBCs during surgery and had at least two arterial blood gas analyses performed...

BACKGROUND: Extracellular nucleic acids circulate in plasma. They are expected to be present in manufactured blood products eligible for transfusion, but little is known about their biological activity on human cells. The aim of this study is to investigate whether cell-free nucleic acids (CFNAs) are present and biologically active in red blood cell units (RBCUs), fresh frozen plasmas, and platelet concentrates. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: CFNAs were extracted from RBCUs, fresh frozen plasma, and platelet concentrates...

Glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD-Ib) is caused by a deficiency in the ubiquitously expressed glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) transporter (G6PT or SLC37A4). The primary function of G6PT is to translocate G6P from the cytoplasm into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Inside the ER, G6P is hydrolyzed to glucose and phosphate by either the liver/kidney/intestine-restricted glucose-6-phosphatase-α (G6Pase-α) or the ubiquitously expressed G6Pase-β. A deficiency in G6Pase-α causes GSD type Ia (GSD-Ia) and a deficiency in G6Pase-β causes GSD-I-related syndrome (GSD-Irs)...

The concept of chronic rhinosinusitis with or without polyps is founded on the structural and functional unicity of the pituitary mucosa and its united response to environmental aggression by allergens, viruses, bacteria, pollution, etc. The present review sets this concept against the evo-devo three-nose theory, in which nasal polyposis is distinguished as specific to the olfactory nose and in particular to the non-olfactory mucosa of the ethmoid, which is considered to be not a sinus but rather the skull-base bone harboring the olfactory mucosa...

Cold storage of organs in preservation solutions, such as Institute George Lopez 1 (IGL-1) or histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK), is a mandatory step for organ transplantation. This preservation leads to an ischemic injury that affects the outcome of the organ. This article studies the liver graft eluate after organ recovery using IGL-1 or HTK solutions. We explore the influence of the volume used for washing out the liver and the consequences in the graft preservation when both solutions are used. Livers were washed out with different volumes of HTK and IGL-1 according to manufacturers' instructions and then preserved in both solutions for 24 hours at 4°C...

It is proposed that the specific reversal by serum albumin of the erythrocyte echinocytosis in an inorganic phosphate buffer saline or in a saline, either after 24 h in blood or after a storage of 6-7 weeks in SGAM or PAGGSM media, is due to a cell dehydration by a decrease of the total NaCl and KCl concentrations favoring the stomatocytogenic slow outward transport of inorganic phosphate with a hydrogen ion by band 3 anion exchanger, which was previously proposed to control the erythrocyte shape. This proposal would indicate that the opposition of the erythrocyte echinocytosis by serum albumin is not limited to binding to echinocytogenic amphiphiles, supported by the ability of the band 3-based mechanism of control of the erythrocyte shape to explain a variety of observations on the erythrocyte shape...

BACKGROUND: Viscosity measurement is challenging due to the internal properties of blood and the artifacts deriving from the various viscometer systems. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the pitfalls of a cone-plate viscometer (Brookfield DV-III Ultra LV) before starting measurements and compare it to our capillary type model (Hemorex Hevimet 40). Effects of sample storage and thermal calibration were assessed as well. METHODS AND RESULTS: Intra-observer variability was studied by 10 replicate measurements of 7 blood samples, mean coefficients of variation were less than 5%...

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses are a class of inherited neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of autofluorescent storage material. The most common neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis has juvenile onset with rapid onset blindness and progressive degeneration of cognitive processes. The juvenile form is caused by mutations in the CLN3 gene, which encodes the protein CLN3. While mouse models of Cln3 deficiency show mild disease phenotypes, it is apparent from patient tissue- and cell-based studies that its loss impacts many cellular processes...

Red blood cells (RBCs) are routinely stored for 35 to 42 days in most countries. During storage, RBCs undergo biochemical and biophysical changes known as RBC storage lesion, which is influenced by alternative storage additive solutions (ASs). Metabolomic studies have been completed on RBCs stored in a number of ASs, including SAGM, AS-1, AS-3, AS-5, AS-7, PAGGGM, and MAP. However, the reported metabolome analysis of laboratory-made MAP-stored RBCs was mainly focused on the time-dependent alterations in glycolytic intermediates during storage...