keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462255/the-physiology-and-pharmacology-of-oxytocin-in-labor-and-in-the-peripartum-period
#1
REVIEW
Kerstin Uvnäs-Moberg
Oxytocin is a reproductive hormone implicated in the process of parturition and widely used during labor. Oxytocin is produced within the supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary lobe into the circulation. Oxytocin is released in pulses with increasing frequency and amplitude in the first and second stages of labor, with a few pulses released in the third stage of labor. During labor, the fetus exerts pressure on the cervix of the uterus, which activates a feedforward reflex-the Ferguson reflex-which releases oxytocin...
March 2024: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435960/rescue-cerclage-by-mcdonald-s-technique-at-18-weeks-for-cervical-insufficiency-with-intravaginal-amniotic-sac-a-case-report
#2
Pankaj Salvi, Vidya Gaikwad, Ashton Dsouza, Sravani Ankem
Recurrent pregnancy loss, premature birth, and associated complications exhibit a multifactorial etiology and persist as substantial challenges during pregnancy, despite the notable advancements in the medical field. Among several factors, cervical insufficiency or incompetence emerges as a prominent causal factor, characterized by painless softening and shortening of the cervix associated with absent contractions. The implementation of emergency cerclage represents a pivotal intervention in mitigating preterm birth among individuals with advanced cervical insufficiency...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38354177/longitudinal-evaluation-of-cervical-length-and-shear-wave-elastography-in-women-with-spontaneous-preterm-birth
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Nguyen-Hoang, P Chaemsaithong, Y K Y Cheng, Q Feng, J Fung, H Duan, M K C Chong, T Y Leung, L C Poon
OBJECTIVES: To compare longitudinal changes in cervical length (CL) and mean cervical shear wave elastography (CSWE) scores between women with singleton and twin pregnancies who experience spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) and those who have term births (TB). METHODS: This was a prospective longitudinal study of 1264 unselected women with singleton (n=1143) and twin (n=121) pregnancy attending a dedicated research clinic for screening of sPTB at 4 timepoints during pregnancy including 11-15+6 (visit 1), 16-20+6 (visit 2), 21-24+6 (visit 3) and 28-32+6 (visit 4) weeks of gestation...
February 14, 2024: Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38256403/effect-of-pethidine-injection-on-the-duration-of-labor-and-pregnancy-outcomes-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eun Byeol Cho, Hyun Joo Chae, Jung Min Ryu, Hyo Jin Lee, Seong Yeon Hong, Jin Young Bae
Background and Objectives : Long and ineffective labor causes hardships for mothers and doctors and increases the rate of cesarean sections and medical comorbidities. Several factors contribute to effective and less painful labor, including maternal age, parity, fetal characteristics, and the medications or procedures that obstetricians use for labor. We aimed to study the factors that affect labor duration and identify those that make labor more effective. Materials and Methods : This retrospective study included 141 patients who underwent normal vaginal deliveries at the Daegu Catholic University Medical Center between April 2013 and April 2022...
January 12, 2024: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38242726/definitive-radiation-for-advanced-cervix-cancer-is-not-associated-with-vaginal-shortening-a-prospective-vaginal-length-and-dose-correlation
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amir Owrangi, Astrid Medrano, Yin Gao, Samaneh Kazemifar, Brian Hrycushko, Paul Medin, Chika Nwachukwu, Xun Jia, Kevin Albuquerque
PURPOSE: Prospectively measure change in vaginal length after definitive chemoradiation (C-EBRT) with Intracavitary Brachytherapy (ICBT) for locally advanced cervix cancer (LACC) and correlate with vaginal dose (VD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty one female patients with LACC receiving C-EBRT and ICBT underwent serial vaginal length (VL) measurements. An initial measurement was made at the time of the first ICBT procedure and subsequently at 3 month intervals up to 1 year post radiation...
January 18, 2024: Brachytherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38182631/pregnancy-induced-remodeling-of-the-murine-reproductive-tract-a-longitudinal-in-vivo-magnetic-resonance-imaging-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aileen C Suarez, Clara J Gimenez, Serena R Russell, Maosen Wang, Jennifer M Munson, Kristin M Myers, Kristin S Miller, Steven D Abramowitch, Raffaella De Vita
Mammalian pregnancy requires gradual yet extreme remodeling of the reproductive organs to support the growth of the embryos and their birth. After delivery, the reproductive organs return to their non-pregnant state. As pregnancy has traditionally been understudied, there are many unknowns pertaining to the mechanisms behind this remarkable remodeling and repair process which, when not successful, can lead to pregnancy-related complications such as maternal trauma, pre-term birth, and pelvic floor disorders...
January 5, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38097857/deep-learning-algorithm-for-predicting-preterm-birth-in-the-case-of-threatened-preterm-labor-admissions-using-transvaginal-ultrasound
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ai Ohtaka, Munetoshi Akazawa, Kazunori Hashimoto
PURPOSE: Preterm birth presents a major challenge in perinatal care, and predicting preterm birth remains a major challenge. If preterm birth cases can be accurately predicted during pregnancy, preventive interventions and more intensive prenatal monitoring may be possible. Deep learning has the capability to extract image parameters or features related to diseases. We constructed a deep learning model to predict preterm births using transvaginal ultrasound images. METHODS: Patients who were hospitalized for threatened preterm labor or shortened cervical length were enrolled...
December 15, 2023: Journal of Medical Ultrasonics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37994646/unique-risk-factors-for-unplanned-preterm-delivery-in-the-uterus-transplant-recipient
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liza Johannesson, Giuliano Testa, Nicole Petrillo, Anthony R Gregg
STUDY QUESTION: Do characteristics of the lower uterine segment and cervix modify the risk of preterm delivery in uterus transplant (UTx) recipients? SUMMARY ANSWER: The cervical length showed little association with preterm delivery, however, cervical inflammation deserves further exploration as a cause of preterm delivery. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: UTx recipients do not have the risk factors normally used to stratify pregnancies that would benefit from cervical length assessment...
January 5, 2024: Human Reproduction
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37993100/the-effect-of-hyoscine-n-butyl-bromide-hbb-rectal-on-the-duration-of-labor-and-rate-of-cervical-dilatation-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#9
REVIEW
Mona Larki, Afarin Rasti, Somayeh Makvandi
OBJECTIVE: The current meta-analysis was designed to investigate the impact of Hyoscine N-butyl bromide (HBB) rectal on labor duration and the rate of cervical dilatation by consolidating the available data. METHODS: The search of MEDLINE through the PubMed interface, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) was performed for original articles concerning the effects of HBB rectal on the duration of labor published prior to 26 June 2023...
November 20, 2023: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada: JOGC
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37989370/assessment-of-cervical-softening-and-the-prediction-of-preterm-birth-stipp-protocol-for-a-prospective-cohort-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sofie Breuking, Martijn A Oudijk, Rik van Eekelen, Marjon A de Boer, Eva Pajkrt, Frederik Hermans
INTRODUCTION: Preterm birth (PTB) is among the leading causes of perinatal and childhood morbidity and mortality. Therefore, accurate identification of pregnant women at high risk of PTB is key to enable obstetric healthcare professionals to apply interventions that improve perinatal and childhood outcomes. Serial transvaginal cervical length measurement is used to screen asymptomatic pregnant women with a history of PTB and identify those at high risk for a recurrent PTB. Cervical length measurement, fetal fibronectin test or a combination of both can be used to identify women at high risk of PTB presenting with symptoms of threatened PTB...
November 21, 2023: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37969208/transperineal-pelvic-floor-ultrasound-for-assessing-posterior-pelvic-injury-and-prolapse-in-postpartum-women
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuhao Deng, Quan Jiang, Weihong Zhu, Mei Wang, Yuan Zhang
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between transperineal pelvic floor ultrasound findings and posterior pelvic injury and prolapse in postpartum women. METHODS: A total of 108 postpartum women received treatment from January 2020 and December 2022 were divided into 2 groups, with 53 cases in a pelvic floor disorder (PFD) group and 55 cases in the no PFD group according to whether they developed PFD after delivery. The relationship between ultrasound data and the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) scores was analyzed by Pearson correlation...
2023: American Journal of Translational Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37916641/a-reduction-in-cervical-length-after-starting-vaginal-progesterone-in-women-with-short-cervix-is-significantly-associated-with-preterm-delivery-%C3%A2-34-weeks-and-37-weeks-of-gestation
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Hernandez-Andrade, E S Huntley, B Sibai, S C Blackwell, E E Soto-Torres
OBJECTIVE: To associate changes in cervical length (CL) after vaginal progesterone treatment with preterm delivery (PTD) METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study that included 197 singleton pregnancies without (n=178) and with (n=19) history of PTD who were found to have a short cervix (≤25mm) between 18+0 and 23+6 weeks/days of gestation and subsequently had a follow up transvaginal cervical length at least one-week after vaginal progesterone treatment started. ROC analysis was performed and three CL shortening patterns evaluated: 1) ≥10% reduction, 2) ≥20% reduction, and 3) ≥5 mm reduction in relation to the first measurement...
November 2, 2023: Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37874353/prevalence-of-genital-mycoplasma-in-pregnancies-with-shortened-cervix
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maximilian Rauh, Franziska Werle, Börge Schmidt, Christian Litzka, Maria Emilia Solano, Angela Köninger
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether colonisation with genital Mycoplasma species (spp.) in patients presenting with a shortened cervix before 34th week of pregnancy is associated with preterm birth. METHODS: The collection of this retrospective study consisted of 100 pregnant women who presented to a German Tertiary Perinatal Center between 2017 and 2020 due to a shortened cervix defined as a cervical length of 25 mm or shorter measured by transvaginal ultrasound before 34 weeks of gestation...
October 24, 2023: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37813304/continuous-vs-intermittent-induction-of-labor-with-oxytocin-in-nulliparous-patients-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gal Bachar, Hiba Abu-Rass, Naama Farago, Naphtali Justman, Gili Buchnik, Yoav Siegler Chen, Chen Ben David, Nirit Goldfarb, Nizar Khatib, Yuval Ginsberg, Yaniv Zipori, Zeev Weiner, Dana Vitner
BACKGROUND: Oxytocin is considered the drug of choice for the induction of labor, although the optimal protocol and infusion duration remain to be determined. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess whether the duration of oxytocin infusion increases 24-hour delivery rates and affects the length of time-to-delivery and patient's experience. STUDY DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial was performed at a single tertiary medical center, between January 1, 2020 and June 30, 2022...
October 7, 2023: American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37810050/differential-expression-of-mrna-3-end-isoforms-in-cervical-and-ovarian-cancers
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Didem Naz Dioken, Ibrahim Ozgul, Gozde Koksal Bicakci, Kemal Gol, Tolga Can, Ayse Elif Erson-Bensan
Early diagnosis and therapeutic targeting are continuing challenges for gynecological cancers. Here, we focus on cancer transcriptomes and describe the differential expression of 3'UTR isoforms in patients using an algorithm to detect differential poly(A) site usage. We find primarily 3'UTR shortening cases in cervical cancers compared with the normal cervix. We show differential expression of alternate 3'-end isoforms of FOXP1 , VPS4B , and OGT in HPV16-positive patients who develop high-grade cervical lesions compared with the infected but non-progressing group...
September 2023: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37755551/pelvic-floor-parameters-predict-postpartum-stress-urinary-incontinence-a-prospective-mri-study
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cong You, Yujiao Zhao, Cheng Zhang, Mengyao Chen, Wen Shen
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pelvic floor changes in primiparas with postpartum stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after vaginal delivery using pelvic floor MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two women were enrolled in the primiparous stress urinary incontinent (PSUI) group and 51 in the primiparous continent (PC) group. Thirty nulliparas were also recruited as the nulliparous control (NC) group. Levator ani muscle (LAM) injury, levator hiatus area (LHA), H-line, M-line, the distance from the bladder neck and cervix to the pubococcygeal line (B-PCL and U-PCL), levator plate angle, the anterior angle of the urethra, bladder neck descent, retrovesicourethral angle, functional urethral length, and a bladder neck funnel were evaluated on MRI images...
September 27, 2023: Insights Into Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37722505/six-compared-with-12-hours-of-foley-balloon-placement-for-labor-induction-in-nulliparous-women-with-unripe-cervices-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#17
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Umadevi Appadurai, Farah Gan, Jesrine Hong, Mukhri Hamdan, Peng Chiong Tan
BACKGROUND: Compared with a planned 12-hour placement of a double-balloon catheter, a planned 6-hour placement of a double-balloon catheter shortens the labor induction to delivery interval. The Foley catheter is low cost. Moreover, it has at least comparable effectiveness to the proprietary double-balloon labor induction devices. Of note, a 6-hour placement of a Foley balloon catheter in nulliparas has not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate 6- vs 12-hour Foley balloon placement for cervical ripening in the labor induction of nulliparas...
November 2023: American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37708656/outcomes-following-elective-cerclage-versus-ultrasound-surveillance-in-women-with-one-prior-preterm-event
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua Mullin, Hannah Rosen O'Sullivan, Andrew H Shennan, Natalie Suff
OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth, defined as delivery before 37 weeks' gestation, is a major obstetric challenge and is associated with serious long-term complications in those infants that survive. Preventative management includes cervical cerclage, either as an elective procedure or performed following transvaginal ultrasound surveillance and shortening of the cervix (≤25 mm). Significant questions remain regarding the optimal management, target population and technique. Therefore, this study aimed to assess differences in risk factors and pregnancy outcomes for women who received an elective cerclage versus ultrasound surveillance, following one prior premature event (spontaneous preterm birth/second trimester loss)...
November 2023: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37686463/exploring-plasma-level-gut-microbiota-mediators-and-pro-inflammatory-markers-in-pregnant-women-with-short-cervix-and-gestational-diabetes-mellitus
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angela Silvano, Elena Niccolai, Simone Baldi, Viola Seravalli, Noemi Strambi, Giulia Nannini, Marco Pallecchi, Gianluca Bartolucci, Astrid Parenti, Amedeo Amedei, Mariarosaria Di Tommaso
The composition of the gut microbiota (GM) undergoes significant changes during pregnancy, influenced by metabolic status, energy homeostasis, fat storage, and hormonal and immunological modifications. Moreover, dysbiosis during pregnancy has been associated with preterm birth, which is influenced by factors such as cervical shortening, infection, inflammation, and oxidative stress. However, dysbiosis also affects the levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and free fatty acids (FFA) in other tissues and the bloodstream...
September 4, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37621196/transvaginal-cerclage-for-prevention-of-preterm-birth-in-twin-pregnancies-with-cervical-dilatation-or-shortening-a-prospective-observational-study
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenyi Xu, Xiaotian Ni, Yun Liu, Lulu Meng, Ping Ru, Zhuorong Gu, Yan Yan, Wenjun Yuan, Xiujuan Su, Ming Liu, Tao Duan
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of transvaginal cerclage in twin pregnancies with cervical shortening, and to narrow the threshold cervical length for transvaginal cerclage. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study and 177 twin pregnancies with asymptomatic cervical dilatation or cervical length of 15 mm or less between 16+0 and 25+6 weeks of pregnancy were included. Patients independently chose either transvaginal cerclage (n = 129) or no cerclage treatment (n = 48) after being consulted on the risk and potential benefit of transvaginal cerclage...
August 24, 2023: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
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