Sports vision

PURPOSE: Hamstring muscle strain injury is very common in sports involving high-speed running. Hamstring muscles originate from the ischial tuberosity and thus pelvic position may influence hamstring strain during different sports movements like sprinting, but this has only been evaluated by indirect methods. This study tested the hypothesis that a change in anterior pelvic tilt causes elongation of the overall hamstring complex and disproportionately elongates proximal relative to distal muscle regions...

Spine biomechanics is at a transformation with the advent and integration of machine learning and computer vision technologies. These novel techniques facilitate the estimation of 3D body shapes, anthropometrics, and kinematics from as simple as a single-camera image, making them more accessible and practical for a diverse range of applications. This study introduces a framework that merges these methodologies with traditional musculoskeletal modeling, enabling comprehensive analysis of spinal biomechanics during complex activities from a single camera...

CONTEXT: The Child Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, fifth edition (SCAT5), remains the consensus instrument for concussion evaluation in youth athletes. Both child and parent are recommended to complete the athlete background and symptom reporting. OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of agreement between child and parent medical history and symptom reporting and quantify their performance on the Child SCAT5 in male football athletes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study...

In basketball defence, it is impossible to keep track of all players without peripheral vision. This is the first study to investigate peripheral vision usage in an experimentally controlled setup, with sport-specific basketball stimuli from a first-person perspective, large viewing eccentricities (up to 90° to the left and right), and natural action responses. A CAVE and a motion-tracking system was used to project the scenarios and capture movement responses of high- and low-skilled basketball players, respectively...

Machine learning (ML) is changing the way health care is practiced and recent applications of these novel statistical techniques have started to impact orthopaedic sports medicine. Machine learning enables the analysis of large volumes of data to establish complex relationships between "input" and "output" variables. These relationships may be more complex than could be established through traditional statistical analysis and can lead to the ability to predict the "output" with high levels of accuracy. Supervised learning is the most common ML approach for healthcare data and recent studies have developed algorithms to predict patient-specific outcome after surgical procedures such as hip arthroscopy and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction...

PURPOSE: To (1) review definitions and concepts necessary to interpret applications of deep learning (DL; a domain of artificial intelligence (AI) that leverages neural networks to make predictions on media inputs such as images); and (2) identify knowledge and translational gaps in the literature to provide insight into specific areas for improvement as adoption of this technology continues. METHODS: A comprehensive search of the literature was performed in December 2023 for articles regarding the use of DL in sports medicine...

BACKGROUND: Studies have evaluated individual factors associated with persistent postconcussion symptoms (PPCS) in youth concussion, but no study has combined individual elements of common concussion batteries with patient characteristics, comorbidities, and visio-vestibular deficits in assessing an optimal model to predict PPCS. PURPOSE: To determine the combination of elements from 4 commonly used clinical concussion batteries and known patient characteristics and comorbid risk factors that maximize the ability to predict PPCS...

Body posture estimation has been a hot branch in the field of computer vision. This work focuses on one of its typical applications: recognition of various body postures in sports scenes. Existing technical methods were mostly established on the basis of convolution neural network (CNN) structures, due to their strong visual information sensing ability. However, sports scenes are highly dynamic, and many valuable contextual features can be extracted from multimedia frame sequences. To handle the current challenge, this paper proposes a hybrid neural network-based intelligent body posture estimation system for sports scenes...

Computer vision technology has been applied in various fields such as identification, surveillance, and robot vision. However, computer vision algorithms used for human-related tasks operate on human images, which raises data security and privacy concerns. In this Letter, we propose an image-free human keypoint detection technique using a few coded illuminations and a single-pixel detector. Our proposed method can complete the keypoint detection task at an ultralow sampling rate on a measured one-dimensional sequence without image reconstruction, thus protecting privacy from the data collection stage and preventing the acquisition of detailed visual information from the source...

OBJECTIVES: The China sports lottery contributes to sports and welfare causes. This study aims to construct a macro forecasting model supporting its sustained growth aligned with Vision 2035. METHODS: The modeling employed a distributional regression. Sales data of the China sports lottery from 2011 to 2022 were chosen as the response variable, alongside various macro- and event-level explanatory factors. RESULTS: A gamma distribution best fit the data...

BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity (OWOB) and myopia have become two of the most important issues affecting the health of children and adolescents worldwide. Despite the recognition that the school physical activity (PA) environment is a critical factor for preventing and controlling overweight, obesity (OWOB), and myopia in children and adolescents, research on OWOB and myopia as a comorbidity remains unexplored, with evidence for effective strategies still being inconclusive. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and progression of comorbid OWOB/myopia and each condition alone, and to explore the association with school PA environment...

Human Action Recognition (HAR) is an essential topic in computer vision and artificial intelligence, focused on the automatic identification and categorization of human actions or activities from video sequences or sensor data. The goal of HAR is to teach machines to comprehend and interpret human movements, gestures, and behaviors, allowing for a wide range of applications in areas such as surveillance, healthcare, sports analysis, and human-computer interaction. HAR systems utilize a variety of techniques, including deep learning, motion analysis, and feature extraction, to capture and analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of human actions...

PURPOSE: Chronic pain can affect up to 40% of patients after ankle inversion sprains. The current hypothesis to explain this high percentage of chronic pain is a partial/total rupture of anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) superior fascicle, a structure that has recently been described as intra-articular and as having a different function than ATFL's inferior fascicle. This has created the need for diagnosing ATFL superior and inferior fascicles independently. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate if the ATFL's superior fascicle can be visualized on ultrasound, and to describe its ultrasonographic appearance...

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In many sports, dynamic visual acuity is used. In order to improve dynamic visual acuity, it is important to understand the aspects of the visual system that can cause compromise. BACKGROUND: To investigate the parameters of the visual system that may influence dynamic visual acuity in professional soccer players. METHODS: In 2022, 40 professional players were analysed. Screening consisted of a survey, the measurement refractive error, and static and dynamic visual acuity and the binocular vision parameters...

Decision-making in team sports necessitates monitoring multiple performers located at different distances (i.e., viewing eccentricities) from a critical information source. The processing of peripheral information is generally impaired under anxiety and when responding to stimuli located at larger eccentricities. These hypotheses have not been sufficiently tested in dynamic performance environments. We examined how pressure and eccentricities affect decision-making and visual behaviour in 4v4 basketball defensive scenarios using a head mounted display...

The functional movement screen (FMS) test is a seven-test battery used to assess fundamental movement abilities of individuals. It is commonly used to predict sports injuries but relies on clinical expertise and is not suitable for self-examination. This study presents an automatic FMS movement assessment framework using a multi-view deep neural network called MVDNN. The framework combines automatic skeleton extraction with manual feature selection to extract 3D trajectory features of human skeleton joints from two different directions...

BACKGROUND: The development of computer vision technology has enabled the use of markerless movement tracking for biomechanical analysis. Recent research has reported the feasibility of markerless systems in motion analysis but has yet to fully explore their utility for capturing faster movements, such as running. Applied studies using markerless systems in clinical and sports settings are still lacking. Thus, the present study compared running biomechanics estimated by marker-based and markerless systems...

The re-identification (ReID) of objects in images is a widely studied topic in computer vision, with significant relevance to various applications. The ReID of players in broadcast videos of team sports is the focus of this study. We specifically focus on identifying the same player in images taken at any given moment during a game from various camera angles. This work varies from other person ReID apps since the same team wears very similar clothes, there are few samples for each identification, and image resolutions are low...

Optimal postural control improves performance and reduces the risk of injury in futsal. In this context, wearable accelerometers may detect velocity changes of the centre of mass during a task, enabling the analysis of postural control in different environments. This work aimed to determine the influence of vision and dominance on unipodal static postural balance in non-professional athletes. Twenty-four university male futsal players performed a unipodal balance test to assess their body sway using a triaxial accelerometer...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between outdoor lighting and sports and the development of myopia, and to analyze the effects of outdoor lighting and exercise on the diopter of children with normal vision and myopia, so as to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of myopia in children and adolescents in the future. METHODS: A total of 201 children were divided into two groups according to myopia or not. Each group was randomly divided into 4 groups: outdoor exercise group, outdoor control group, indoor exercise group and indoor control group...