Polio syndrome

Miller Fisher syndrome is a rare and atypical variation of Guillain-Barré syndrome, which includes the clinical triad of areflexia, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. Miller Fisher syndrome is commonly associated with the involvement of the lower cranial and facial nerves. Miller Fisher syndrome is one of the types of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Guillain-Barré syndrome has been defined to be the foremost incapacitating form of neurological disease following the disease polio. Guillain-Barré syndrome is a broad category that encompasses several types of acute immune-mediated polyneuropathies, the most common of which is acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy...

WHO works, on a daily basis, with countries globally to detect, prepare for and respond to acute public health events. A vital component of a health response is the dissemination of accurate, reliable and authoritative information. The Disease Outbreak News (DON) reports are a key mechanism through which WHO communicates on acute public health events to the public. The decision to produce a DON report is taken on a case-by-case basis after evaluating key criteria, and the subsequent process of producing a DON report is highly standardised to ensure the robustness of information...

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BACKGROUND: People with late effects of polio (LEoP) may need rehabilitation to manage everyday life but knowledge of the benefits of interdisciplinary rehabilitation is limited. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in performance and satisfaction with performance of activities among people with LEoP following interdisciplinary rehabilitation. METHODS: A pre-post retrospective study based on data on 102 participants with LEoP from a rehabilitation clinic...

BACKGROUND: Poliomyelitis is a global disabling disease affecting 12-20 million of people. Post poliomyelitis syndrome (PPS) may affect up to 80% of polio survivors: increased muscle weakness, pain, fatigue, functional decline. It relies on aging of an impaired neuro-muscular system with ongoing denervation processes. A late involvement of humoral or cellular pro-inflammatory phenomena is also suspected. AIM: To assess the dysimmune hypothesis of PPS by comparing lymphocyte subpopulations and humoral immune factors between PPS patients and controls...

Developing effective vaccines against viral infections have significant impacts on development, prosperity and well-being of human populations. Thus, successful vaccines such as smallpox and polio vaccines, have promoted global societal well-being. In contrast, ineffective vaccines may fuel arguments that retard scientific progress. We aim to stimulate a multilevel discussion on how to develop effective vaccines against recent and future pandemics by focusing on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), coronavirus disease (COVID) and other viral infections...

Post-Polio Syndrome (PPS) is a chronic condition characterized by the emergence of new symptoms and functional decline in individuals who previously had polio. Despite advances in medical understanding, management of PPS remains challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the use of neurobiological modulation treatments using Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer (REAC) technology on fatigue and muscle strength. An open-label study was conducted with 17 patients submitted to four neuromodulation protocols: Neuro Postural Optimization (NPO), Neuro Psycho Physical Optimization (NPPO), Neuro Psycho Physical Optimization-Cervico Brachial (NPPO-CB), and Neuromuscular Optimization (NMO)...

BACKGROUND: Although common in lung cancer, somatic epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mutations are rarely found in colorectal cancer, occurring in approximately 3% of cases. Treatment with anti-EGFR antibodies is commonplace, but EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors are not standard treatments in colorectal cancer. Here we report a case of sustained response to osimertinib in a colorectal cancer patient with an EGFR T790M mutation on cell-free DNA analysis. CASE SUMMARY: A 72-year old woman with a past medical history of post-polio syndrome confined to a wheelchair, scoliosis and hypothyroidism presented with metastatic sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma with hepatic metastases...

BACKGROUND: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the leading cause of non-polio acute flaccid paralysis worldwide, emphasizing the importance of epidemiological studies on this condition. Therefore, well-designed epidemiological studies in different populations can provide a better understanding of the characteristics of patients with GBS and the nature of the disease. To our knowledge, no previous study has attempted to describe the characteristics of patients with GBS in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) based on disease subtypes and clinical features in both adult and pediatric patients...

Wastewater surveillance (WWS) was developed in the early 1960s for the detection of poliovirus (PV) circulation in the population. It has been used to monitor several pathogens, including non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs), which are increasingly recognised as causes of morbidity in children. However, when applying WWS to a new pathogen, it is important to consider the purpose of such a study as well as the suitability of the chosen methodology. With this purpose, the European Non-Polio Enterovirus Network (ENPEN) organised an expert webinar to discuss its history, methods, and applications; its evolution from a culture-based method to molecular detection; and future implementation of next generation sequencing (NGS)...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Fatigue following neurological conditions negatively impacts daily activities, reducing overall quality of life. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for fatigue management is still underexplored. This scoping review explores its use in managing fatigue among various neurological conditions. METHODS: A thorough literature search was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, Embase, ProQuest, and the Cochrane Library...

Pulmonary hernias are typically a result of trauma, thoracic operations, or congenital defects. Spontaneous lung hernias without a prior overt injury are notably rare. The presence of spontaneous lung hernias has not been reported in post-polio syndrome. Post-polio syndrome is a late sequela of poliomyelitis that usually presents 30-40 years after the initial illness with new presentations of progressive muscle weakness, abnormal muscle fatigue, muscle atrophy, and myalgia. This case report describes the presentation and imaging of a post-polio patient with an atraumatic, spontaneous lung hernia...

The emergence of vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) in patients with Primary Immunodeficiency (PID) is a threat to the polio-eradication program. In a first of its kind pilot study for successful screening and identification of VDPV excretion among patients with PID in India, enteroviruses were assessed in stool specimens of 154 PID patients across India in a period of two years. A total of 21.42% of patients were tested positive for enteroviruses, 2.59% tested positive for polioviruses (PV), whereas 18.83% of patients were positive for non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV)...

Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) is an immune-modulating biologic therapy that is increasingly being used in neuromuscular disorders despite the paucity of high-quality evidence for various specific diseases. To address this, the AANEM created the 2009 consensus statement to provide guidance on the use of IVIG in neuromuscular disorders. Since then, there have been several randomized controlled trials for IVIG, a new FDA-approved indication for dermatomyositis and a revised classification system for myositis, prompting the AANEM to convene an ad hoc panel to update the existing guidelines...

Poliovirus (PV), the virus that causes both acute poliomyelitis and post-polio syndrome, is classified within the Enterovirus C species, and there are three wild PV serotypes: WPV1, WPV2 and WPV3. The launch of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in 1988 eradicated two of the three serotypes of WPV (WPV2 and WPV3). However, the endemic transmission of WPV1 persists in Afghanistan and Pakistan in 2022. There are cases of paralytic polio due to the loss of viral attenuation in the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), known as vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV)...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare but possible complication that may occur after COVID-19 vaccination. In this systematic review, we found that GBS presented in patients with an average age of 58. The average time for symptoms to appear was 14.4 days. Health care providers should be aware of this potential complication. ABSTRACT: Most instances of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) are caused by immunological stimulation and are discovered after vaccinations for tetanus toxoid, oral polio, and swine influenza...

AIMS: Knowledge on total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) in patients with a history of poliomyelitis is limited. This study compared implant survivorship and clinical outcomes among affected and unaffected limbs in patients with sequelae of poliomyelitis undergoing TKAs. METHODS: A retrospective review of our total joint registry identified 94 patients with post-polio syndrome undergoing 116 primary TKAs between January 2000 and December 2019. The mean age was 70 years (33 to 86) with 56% males (n = 65) and a mean BMI of 31 kg/m2 (18 to 49)...

The overall societal impact of poliomyelitis worldwide is decreasing, rendering it almost absent in most developed countries. However, even there, patients are still seen who contracted it in endemic areas or developed polio before vaccinations became widely available. Post-polio syndrome (PPS) causes skeletal and neurological changes that increase affected individuals' likelihood of fractures, including fractures requiring complex surgical treatment. The existence of previous internal fixation creates a particularly difficult challenge...

BACKGROUND: Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is characterized by new or worsening muscular weakness, atrophy, muscle and joint pain, and muscle fatiguability decades after paralytic poliomyelitis infection. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 56-year-old man was diagnosed with paralytic poliomyelitis at the age of five, which left him with flaccid paralysis and weakness of the right leg. One year before seeking chiropractic care, the patient saw his primary care physician with neck pain, low back pain, and fatigue...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the heart rate-perceived exertion relationship between maximal exercise testing and home-based aerobic training in neuromuscular diseases. DESIGN: Multicentre randomized controlled trial, intervention group data. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (n = 17), post-polio syndrome (n = 7) or other neuromuscular diseases (n = 6). METHODS: Participants followed a 4-month, homebased aerobic training programme guided by heart rate...