microvascular

Microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) have many critical roles, including control of vascular tone, regulation of thrombosis, and angiogenesis. Significant heterogeneity in endothelial cell (EC) genotype and phenotype depends on their vascular bed and host disease state. The ability to isolate MVECs from tissue-specific vascular beds and individual patient groups offers the opportunity to directly compare MVEC function in different disease states. Here, using subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) taken at the time of insertion of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED), we describe a method for the isolation of a pure population of functional human subcutaneous adipose tissue MVEC (hSATMVEC) and an experimental model of hSATMVEC-adipocyte cross-talk...

BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is widely used for children treated for refractory respiratory failures or refractory cardiogenic shock. Its duration depends on organ functions recovery. Weaning is decided using macro-circulatory tools, but microcirculation is not well evaluated. Sidestream dark-field video imaging is used to assess the perfusion of the sublingual microvascular vessels. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of microcirculatory indices in ECMO weaning...

INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently develops in patients receiving cancer therapy and requires a wide differential diagnosis due to possible role of unique cancer and drug-related factors, in addition to common pre- and post-renal causes. Rapid development of new molecular targeted anti-cancer drugs and immunotherapies has opened unprecedented possibilities of treatment at the price of an increased spectrum of renal side effects. AREAS COVERED: The present review aims at providing a state-of-the-art picture of AKI in cancer patient (PubMed and Embase libraries were searched from inception to January 2024), with a focus on differential diagnosis and management of diverse clinical settings...

BACKGROUND: In patients with diabetic microvascular complications, decreased perfusion or vascular occlusion, caused by reduced vascular diameter, is a common characteristic that will lead to insufficient blood supply. Yet, the regulatory mechanism and effective treatment approach remain elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS: Our initial findings revealed a notable decrease in the expression of human AQP1 in both diabetic human retina samples (49 healthy vs. 54 diabetic samples) and high-glucose-treated human retinal microvascular endothelial cells...

Diabetes, a severe metabolic disease characterized by chronic hypoglycemia, poses debilitating and life-threatening risks of microvascular and macrovascular complications, including blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, and limb amputation. Addressing these complications is paramount, urging the development of interventions targeting diabetes-associated vascular dysfunctions. To effectively combat diabetes, a comprehensive understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying complications and identification of precise therapeutic targets are imperative...

Diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy are significant microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. This comprehensive review examines the clinical relationship between these complications, focusing on shared pathophysiological mechanisms, bidirectional relationships, and implications for patient management. The review highlights the importance of understanding the interconnected nature of diabetic complications and adopting a holistic approach to diabetes care...

BACKGROUND: The role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameters in evaluating the functional severity of coronary disease remains unclear. The aim of this study was to quantify the O2 -pulse morphology and investigate its relevance in predicting the functional severity of coronary stenosis, using Murray law-based quantitative flow ratio (μQFR) as the reference. METHODS: CPET and μQFR were analyzed in 138 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD)...

UNLABELLED: A 34-year-old man with a history of Kawasaki disease had been experiencing chest pain at rest since middle school. Multidetector-row computed tomography showed no aneurysm formation; however, the right coronary artery had an anomalous origin with moderate stenosis. Invasive coronary angiography revealed moderate right coronary artery stenosis with a fractional flow reserve of 0.97. Finally, with a positive acetylcholine provocation test and elevated index of microvascular resistance, the patient was diagnosed with microvascular and epicardial vasospastic angina in the endotypes of ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries...

OBJECTIVE: In this article, the epidemiology, molecular mechanism of occurrence and development, risk factors, and treatment of diabetic microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy were discussed, providing the theoretical basis for more accurate elucidation of the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic microvascular complications. METHODS: The electronic database of PubMed was searched, and retrieved papers were screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers...

Diabetic vascular complications are prevalent and severe among diabetic patients, profoundly affecting both their quality of life and long-term prospects. These complications can be classified into macrovascular and microvascular complications. Under the impact of risk factors such as elevated blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol lipids, the vascular endothelium undergoes endothelial dysfunction, characterized by increased inflammation and oxidative stress, decreased NO biosynthesis, endothelial-mesenchymal transition, senescence, and even cell death...

A 41-year-old man with resting angina was diagnosed with a coronary vasospasm and subsequently with Fabry disease exhibiting low serum α-galactosidase A activity. High computed tomography (CT)-derived extracellular volume was detected in the apical inferior wall of the left ventricle suggesting myocardial fibrosis, potentially from vasospasm-related ischemia and/or microvascular dysfunction.

UNLABELLED: Multiple myeloma (MM), a cancer of bone marrow plasma cells, is the second-most common hematological malignancy. However, despite immunotherapies like chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, relapse is nearly universal. The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment influences how MM cells survive, proliferate, and resist treatment. Yet, it is unclear which BM niches give rise to MM pathophysiology. Here, we present a 3D microvascularized culture system, which models the endosteal and perivascular bone marrow niches, allowing us to study MM-stroma interactions in the BM niche and model responses to therapeutic CAR-T cells...

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to detect the changes in retinal and choroidal vasculature via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) by comparing the quantitative OCTA parameters in patients with and without myotonic dystrophies (DM). MATERIAL: The cross-sectional study. Forty-one consecutive patients affected by DMs were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were molecular diagnosis of DM types 1 and 2. To avoid the age effect on microvascular changes and to justify a comparison between DM1 and DM2 patients, two control groups matched for sex and age were established...

BACKGROUND: The C-reactive protein (CRP)-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a novel immune nutrition scoring system associated with cancer prognosis. This study investigated the association between the CALLY index and the long-term outcomes of patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: We included 175 patients with gastric cancer who underwent curative gastrectomies at the Department of Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital between January 2011 and October 2019...

AIMS: The purpose of this study was to explore the impacts of salidroside on vascular regeneration, vascular structural changes and long-term neurological recuperation following cerebral ischemia and its possible mechanism. MAIN METHODS: From Day 1 to Day 28, young male mice with middle cerebral artery blockage received daily doses of salidroside and measured neurological deficits. On the 7th day after stroke, the volume of cerebral infarction was determined using TTC and HE staining...

OBJECTIVE: Traditional hospital accounting fails to provide an accurate cost of complex surgical care. Here we describe the application of time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) to characterize costs of head and neck oncologic procedures involving free tissue transfer. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Single tertiary academic medical center. METHODS: An analysis of head and neck oncologic procedures involving microvascular free flap reconstruction from 2018 to 2020 (n = 485) was performed using TDABC methodology to measure cost across operative case and postoperative admission, using quantity of time and cost per unit of each resource to characterize resource utilization...

BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a primary microvascular complication of diabetes with limited therapeutic effects. Delving into the pathogenic mechanisms of DKD and identifying new therapeutic targets is crucial. Emerging studies reveal the implication of ferroptosis and immune dysregulation in the pathogenesis of DKD, however, the precise relationship between them remains not fully elucidated. Investigating their interplay is pivotal to unraveling the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, offering insights crucial for targeted interventions and improved patient outcomes...

BACKGROUND: Preoperative microvascular invasion (MVI) of liver cancer is an effective method to reduce the recurrence rate of liver cancer. Hepatectomy with extended resection and additional adjuvant or targeted therapy can significantly improve the survival rate of MVI+ patients by eradicating micrometastasis. Preoperative prediction of MVI status is of great clinical significance for surgical decision-making and the selection of other adjuvant therapy strategies to improve the prognosis of patients...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018 features and clinical-pathological factors for predicting the prognosis of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative (≤ 20 ng/ml) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, and to compare with other traditional staging systems. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 169 patients with AFP-negative HCC who received preoperative MRI and hepatectomy between January 2015 and August 2020 (derivation dataset:validation dataset = 118:51)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.