small bowel obstruction

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is an imaging modality that has become a fundamental part of clinical care provided in the emergency department (ED). The applications of this tool in the ED have ranged from resuscitation, diagnosis, and therapeutic to procedure guidance. This review aims to summarize the evidence on the use of POCUS for diagnosis and procedure guidance. To achieve this, CrossRef, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were extensively searched for studies published between January 2000 and November 2023...

BACKGROUND Jejunal diverticulosis are false diverticula of the small bowel that form from outpouching of the mucosa and submucosa. They are pulsion diverticula that are often asymptomatic and can be found incidentally during surgery. In some instances, jejunal diverticula could result in intestinal obstruction. Small intestinal volvulus is an uncommon cause of small bowel obstruction that results in a closed loop obstruction and is an indication for emergent surgical intervention. CASE REPORT We report a case of an 84-year-old man who presented to the Emergency Department with abdominal pain and generalized weakness...

BACKGROUND: Imperforate hymen is the most common congenital defect of the female urogenital tract. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is broad, ranging from mild cases undiagnosed until adolescence to severe cases of giant intraabdominal masses. The most common complication of hydrocolpos is bladder compression, resulting in obstructive uropathy and hydronephrosis. CASE PRESENTATION: We present here the case of a preterm neonate who was admitted to the surgical neonatal intensive care unit for bowel obstruction...

INTRODUCTION: Abdominal cocoon syndrome (ACS), or sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction in which the bowel and internal abdominal organs are wrapped with a fibrocollagenous cocoon-like encapsulating membrane. While cocooning of the abdomen primarily manifests in individuals undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD), it has also been reported to occur spontaneously. Remarkably rare, SEP may present with complete mechanical bowel obstruction in select cases...

Spigelian hernias are difficult to detect and palpate during physical examination due to their deeper location. They can be asymptomatic or present with acute complications such as incarceration, strangulation, or bowel obstruction. Here we present a case of a 58-year-old female with history of palpable swelling over the left iliac fossa region with abdominal distension. A computed tomography with oral contrast revealed features suggestive of incarcerated Spigelian hernia with small bowel obstruction, which was later managed with laparoscopic ventral hernia repair and repair of seromuscular tear of the small bowel...

Introduction While there are several advantages to utilizing robotics in liver surgery compared to traditional open and laparoscopic approaches, the most challenging part of robotic liver resection (RLR) remains the liver parenchymal transection. This is primarily due to the constraints of the existing robotic tools and the absence of a standard procedure. This study presents detailed technical aspects of our novel saline-linked cautery (SLiC) method for RLR and assesses the short-term outcomes for both non-anatomical and anatomical RLRs...

Endoscopic transcecal appendectomy has become an alternative treatment for laparoscopic appendectomy due to its less invasive nature. Here we report a rare complication of small intestinal obstruction after endoscopic transcecal appendectomy.

While Ewing sarcoma is traditionally a malignant tumor of bone, it may uncommonly present extra-skeletally, leading to an array of puzzling presentations depending on the tissue involved. Here, we describe the case of a 66-year-old man who presented to the primary care office for evaluation of intermittent melena. He ultimately underwent capsule endoscopy and developed a secondary small bowel obstruction, unveiling his neoplasm. The tumor was then resected and managed with surveillance only, and the patient remains without evidence of disease after four years of follow-up...

We present a compelling case of small bowel obstruction (SBO) in a 38-year-old male with a virgin abdomen, a term used to describe an individual who has not undergone prior abdominal surgery. Despite his fit and healthy status, he presented with symptoms indicative of bowel obstruction. Through a meticulous series of history-taking, comprehensive clinical examinations, and precise imaging studies, we were able to arrive at a conclusive diagnosis. Remarkably, the patient experienced a full recovery solely through conservative management, effectively sidestepping the need for surgical intervention...

In the case of a 24-year-old woman experiencing depressive illness, weight loss, vomiting, and hypoglycemia, initial suspicion of gastroenteritis shifted to reveal compensated metabolic acidosis and electrolyte imbalances. A subsequent CT scan revealed both superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome and an incidental adnexal cyst, leading to treatment involving electrolyte correction and laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy, ultimately facilitating her recovery.

Small bowel jejunoileal diverticulosis is an uncommon and usually asymptomatic condition. Complications may occur such as acute diverticulitis including infection or perforation, bleeding, small bowel obstruction and volvulus. Herein we report a case of a 76 years-old woman with acute left side abdominal pain and tenderness. A clinical suspected diagnosis of colonic diverticulitis was formulated. She underwent Ultrasound that revealed a collapsed small bowel loop with a large sac-like out-pouching lesion with mixed content (fluid and pockets of air) associated to hyperechogenicity of perilesional fat...

AIMS: Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms feature neoplastic mucinous epithelium with pushing borders and densely fibrotic walls. We have identified five examples of analogous colorectal tumours. METHODS AND RESULTS: Slides, pathology reports, and clinical data were reviewed. Whole genome sequencing was performed in two cases. Three were women and the mean age was 70. Associated GI conditions included Crohn's disease [1], diverticulosis [2], and sarcoma of the terminal ileum [1]...

INTRODUCTION: Gallstone ileus is a rare but potentially dangerous complication of cholelithiasis and represents about 1 % of the total cases of small bowel obstruction (Balthazar and Schechter, 1978). PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a case of 40 years old female who presented with signs and symptoms of bowel obstruction. On further investigation, a diagnosis of gallstone ileus was established. She was managed by laparoscopy-assisted enterolithotomy. DISCUSSION: Gallstone ileus, a form of mechanical intestinal obstruction, predominantly affects elderly females...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Colorectal cancer (CRC) presenting with synchronous liver metastasis is relatively common, occurring in approximately 20 % of patients1 . Herein we report an atypical case of a patient who presented with a new, obstructing colon mass with synchronous liver metastasis, biopsy proven to be malignant melanoma. CASE PRESENTATION: An 81-year-old male presented to the hospital emergency department with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and 30-pound unintentional weight loss over the past 4 months...

OBJECTIVE: Constipation and distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) are common gastrointestinal manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF). The primary aim was to describe the characteristics of constipation and DIOS hospitalisations in a paediatric and adult CF service over a 12-year period. The secondary aims were to determine the proportion of constipation and DIOS presentations which met the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) CF Working Group definitions and to describe management strategies of both conditions...

OBJECTIVES: To examine long-term ileal ureter replacement results at over 32 years at our institution. Long segment or proximal ureteral strictures pose a challenging reconstructive problem. Ureteroureterostomy, psoas hitch, boari flap, buccal ureteroplasty and autotransplantation are common reconstructive techniques. We show that ileal ureter remains a lasting option. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing open ileal ureter creation from 1989-2021...

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare cause of small bowel obstruction characterized by duodenal compression due to the narrowing of the SMA-aorta angle. We present a case of a 43-year-old male with postprandial chest pain, severe weight loss, and a narrowed aortomesenteric angle evident on computed tomography. Conservative management, including hydration, positioning, and weight gain, was initiated, leading to symptom resolution. SMA syndrome diagnosis requires clinical suspicion and radiological confirmation...

Pelvic internal hernias, including pouch of Douglas hernias, are a very rare cause of small bowel obstruction. They pose a challenge in diagnosis due to their rarity and lack of specific radiological features. The definitive diagnosis is usually reached intraoperatively. The treatment consists of reduction with or without resection of the herniated bowel and primary repair of the defect. Mesh placement has been reported but is still arguable, as no musculofacial defect is involved. Here, we present a case of a 28-year-old female patient, a nulliparous with multiple medical conditions including familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and an extremely rare tumor, peritoneal xanthogranuloma...

OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have shown rates of surgical resection of up to 41% in stricturing pediatric Crohn's disease. In this retrospective multicenter study, our aims were to identify clinical risk factors and magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) features of small bowel strictures associated with surgery. METHODS: Pediatric patients with symptomatic stricturing small bowel CD (defined as obstructive symptoms or proximal dilatation on MRE) confirmed by MRE between 2010 and 2020 were recruited from 12 French tertiary hospitals...

Biliary endoprostheses are widely used in the treatment of biliary lithiasis, malignant and benign strictures, and occasionally in long-lasting biliary fistulas. They can be placed endoscopically during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and radiologically (percutaneous) when the endoscopic route is not feasible. Complications associated with the endoscopic placement of biliary endoprostheses are well described in the literature, with migration being the most common. Intestinal obstruction is a rare complication associated with the migration of these devices...