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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiawan Zheng, Keyue Zhao, Bingjie Xue, Yu Deng, Xiaoqing Xu, Weifu Yan, Chao Rong, Kathy Leung, Joseph T Wu, Gabriel M Leung, Malik Peiris, Leo L M Poon, Tong Zhang
The wastewater surveillance network successfully established for COVID-19 showed great potential to monitor other infectious viruses, such as norovirus, rotavirus and mpox virus. In this study, we established and validated detection methods for these viruses in wastewater. We developed a supernatant-based method to detect RNA viruses from wastewater samples and applied it to the monthly diarrhea viruses (norovirus genogroup I & II, and rotavirus) surveillance in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) at a city-wide level for 16 months...
March 24, 2024: Water Research
#22
Varun Daiya, Nishtha Manuja, Sourya Acharya, Sunil Kumar, Sharwari Jaiswal
This case report presents a 24-year-old female with a history of ulcerative colitis (UC) who sought care for symptoms initially suggestive of the disease exacerbation but was later diagnosed as acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis. The patient's clinical course, marked by watery diarrhea, blood in stools, vomiting, and fever, raised suspicion of a UC flare. However, a nuanced diagnostic approach revealed CMV superinfection, including computed tomography, colonoscopy, and tissue polymerase chain reaction (PCR)...
February 2024: Curēus
#23
REVIEW
Julio Martínez-Burnes, Hugo Barrios-García, Verónica Carvajal-de la Fuente, Belkis Corona-González, Dasiel Obregón Alvarez, Dora Romero-Salas
The water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis ) has great adaptability to rustic environments and more variable conditions than cattle, who generally share the habitat. Diseases carried by buffaloes are relatively unknown and ignored and could be transmissible; an imbalance occurs between pathogens, environment, and susceptible hosts, generating a severe animal health problem. Also relevant is the effect of climate change on the populations of vectors that transmit viral diseases. The discovery of new virus variants that can pass from bovine (Bos) to buffalo or vice versa or to humans has highlighted the relevance of viruses crossing the host barrier...
March 9, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
#24
REVIEW
Evangelia Xenopoulou, Ioanna Kontele, Theodoros N Sergentanis, Maria G Grammatikopoulou, Milia Tzoutzou, Konstantinos Kotrokois, Artemis Κ Tsitsika, Tonia Vassilakou
Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the association of gut microbiota with health conditions and the potentially beneficial role of several types of biotics in several population groups, including children and adolescents. Children and adolescents comprise a unique population group due their rapid growth rates, high nutritional requirements, the immaturity of their immune system in early life, and their susceptibility to infectious diseases. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role and limitations of the administration of biotics in specific conditions affecting children and adolescents...
March 9, 2024: Children
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Berihun Mossie Mulu, Mequanint Addisu Belete, Tiliksew Bialfew Demlie, Habtamu Tassew, Tesfaye Sisay Tessema
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) are the leading cause of infectious diarrhea and pose a significant global, regional, and national burden of disease. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of six DEC pathotypes in children with diarrhea and determine their antibiotic resistance patterns. Samples from 107 diarrheagenic children were collected and processed for Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). Single-plex PCR was used to detect target virulence genes as well as characterize and categorize DEC pathotypes...
March 21, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah E Atlas, Bakary Conteh, Md Taufiqul Islam, Khuzwayo C Jere, Richard Omore, Doh Sanogo, Francesca Schiaffino, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Naveed Ahmed, Alex O Awuor, Henry Badji, Jennifer Cornick, Erika Feutz, Sean R Galagan, Fadima C Haidara, Bri'Anna Horne, Md Ismail Hossen, Aneeta Hotwani, Eric R Houpt, Abdoulie F Jallow, Mehrab Karim, Adama Mamby Keita, Youssouf Keita, Farhana Khanam, Jie Liu, Thandizo Malemia, Alhagie Manneh, Christine J McGrath, Dilruba Nasrin, Maureen Ndalama, John Benjamin Ochieng, Billy Ogwel, Maribel Paredes Olortegui, Loyda Fiorella Zegarra Paredes, Tackeshy Pinedo Vasquez, James A Platts-Mills, Syed Qudrat-E-Khuda, Sonia Qureshi, Md Nazmul Hasan Rajib, Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade, Shazia Sultana, Sharon M Tennant, Kirkby D Tickell, Desiree Witte, Pablo Peñataro Yori, Nigel A Cunliffe, M Jahangir Hossain, Margaret N Kosek, Karen L Kotloff, Firdausi Qadri, Farah Naz Qamar, Milagritos D Tapia, Patricia B Pavlinac
BACKGROUND: Shigella is a leading cause of acute watery diarrhea, dysentery, and diarrhea-attributed linear growth faltering, a precursor to stunting and lifelong morbidity. Several promising Shigella vaccines are in development and field efficacy trials will require a consortium of potential vaccine trial sites with up-to-date Shigella diarrhea incidence data. METHODS: The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study will employ facility-based enrollment of diarrhea cases aged 6-35 months with 3 months of follow-up to establish incidence rates and document clinical, anthropometric, and financial consequences of Shigella diarrhea at 7 country sites (Mali, Kenya, The Gambia, Malawi, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Peru)...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farhana Khanam, Md Taufiqul Islam, Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Md Ismail Hossen, Md Nazmul Hasan Rajib, Shahinur Haque, Mahzabeen Ireen, Syed Qudrat-E-Khuda, Prasanta Kumar Biswas, Md Amirul Islam Bhuiyan, Kamrul Islam, Nazia Rahman, S M Azadul Alam Raz, Md Parvej Mosharraf, Md Elias Shawon Bhuiyan, Sadia Islam, Dilruba Ahmed, Faisal Ahmmed, Khalequ Zaman, John D Clemens, Firdausi Qadri
BACKGROUND: Shigella is an important cause of diarrhea in Bangladeshi children <5 years of age, with an incidence rate of 4.6 per 100 person-years. However, the report was more than a decade old, and data on Shigella consequences are similarly outdated and heterogeneously collected. METHODS: Facility-based disease surveillance is planned to be carried out under the Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella Surveillance Study consortium for 2 years with aims to optimize and standardize laboratory techniques and healthcare utilization and coverage survey, clinical and anthropometric data collection, safety monitoring and responsiveness, and other related activities...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chloe Morozoff, Naveed Ahmed, Jobiba Chinkhumba, Md Taufiqul Islam, Abdoulie F Jallow, Billy Ogwel, Loyda Fiorella Zegarra Paredes, Doh Sanogo, Hannah E Atlas, Henry Badji, Naor Bar-Zeev, Bakary Conteh, Mario Güimack Fajardo, Erika Feutz, Fadima C Haidara, Mehrab Karim, Adama Mamby Keita, Youssouf Keita, Farhana Khanam, Margaret N Kosek, Karen L Kotloff, Rebecca Maguire, Ishmail S Mbutuka, Maureen Ndalama, John Benjamin Ochieng, Collins Okello, Richard Omore, Karin F Perez Garcia, Farah Naz Qamar, Syed Qudrat-E-Khuda, Sonia Qureshi, Md Nazmul Hasan Rajib, Wagner Valentino Shapiama Lopez, Shazia Sultana, Desiree Witte, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Alex O Awuor, Nigel A Cunliffe, M Jahangir Hossain, Maribel Paredes Olortegui, Milagritos D Tapia, K Zaman, Arianna Rubin Means
BACKGROUND: Comparative costs of public health interventions provide valuable data for decision making. However, the availability of comprehensive and context-specific costs is often limited. The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study-a facility-based diarrhea surveillance study across 7 countries-aims to generate evidence on health system and household costs associated with medically attended Shigella diarrhea in children. METHODS: EFGH working groups comprising representatives from each country (Bangladesh, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Pakistan, Peru, and The Gambia) developed the study methods...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Liu, Paul F Garcia Bardales, Kamrul Islam, Sheikh Jarju, Jane Juma, Chimwemwe Mhango, Queen Naumanga, Sonia Qureshi, Catherine Sonye, Naveed Ahmed, Fatima Aziz, Md Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Mary Charles, Nigel A Cunliffe, Mahamadou Abdou, Sean R Galagan, Ensa Gitteh, Ibrehima Guindo, M Jahangir Hossain, Abdoulie M J Jabang, Khuzwayo C Jere, Flywell Kawonga, Mariama Keita, Noumou Yakhouba Keita, Karen L Kotloff, Wagner V Shapiama Lopez, Stephen Munga, Maribel Paredes Olortegui, Richard Omore, Patricia B Pavlinac, Firdausi Qadri, Farah Naz Qamar, S M Azadul Alam Raz, Laura Riziki, Francesca Schiaffino, Suzanne Stroup, Sarata Nassoun Traore, Tackeshy Pinedo Vasquez, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Martin Antonio, Jennifer E Cornick, Furqan Kabir, Farhana Khanam, Margaret N Kosek, John Benjamin Ochieng, James A Platts-Mills, Sharon M Tennant, Eric R Houpt
BACKGROUND: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting ipaH has been proven to be highly efficient in detecting Shigella in clinical samples compared to culture-based methods, which underestimate Shigella burden by 2- to 3-fold. qPCR assays have also been developed for Shigella speciation and serotyping, which is critical for both vaccine development and evaluation. METHODS: The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study will utilize a customized real-time PCR-based TaqMan Array Card (TAC) interrogating 82 targets, for the detection and differentiation of Shigella spp, Shigella sonnei , Shigella flexneri serotypes, other diarrhea-associated enteropathogens, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bakary Conteh, Henry Badji, Abdoulie F Jallow, Mehrab Karim, Alhagie Manneh, Belali Keita, Golam Sarwar, Bubacarr E Ceesay, Sheikh Jarju, Abdoulie M J Jabang, Ebrima Baldeh, Usman N Ikumapayi, Ousman Secka, Martin Antonio, Anna Roca, Umberto D'Alessandro, Karen L Kotloff, M Jahangir Hossain
BACKGROUND: The Gambia, located in West Africa, is one of 7 country sites conducting the Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella Surveillance Study to establish incidence and consequence of Shigella -associated medically attended diarrhea among children 6-35 months old. METHODS: Here we describe the study site and research experience, sociodemographic characteristics of the study catchment area, facilities of recruitment for diarrhea case surveillance, and known care-seeking behavior for diarrheal illness...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Prisca Benedicto-Matambo, Lindsay N Avolio, Henry Badji, Rabab Batool, Farhana Khanam, Stephen Munga, Milagritos D Tapia, Pablo Peñataro Yori, Alex O Awuor, Bubacarr E Ceesay, Jennifer Cornick, Nigel A Cunliffe, Paul F Garcia Bardales, Christopher D Heaney, Aneeta Hotwani, Mahzabeen Ireen, Md Taufiqul Islam, Ousman Jallow, Robert W Kaminski, Wagner V Shapiama Lopez, Victor Maiden, Usman Nurudeen Ikumapayi, Ruth Nyirenda, John Benjamin Ochieng, Richard Omore, Maribel Paredes Olortegui, Patricia B Pavlinac, Nora Pisanic, Firdausi Qadri, Sonia Qureshi, Nazia Rahman, Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade, Francesca Schiaffino, Ousman Secka, Catherine Sonye, Shazia Sultana, Drissa Timite, Awa Traore, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Md Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, M Jahangir Hossain, Khuzwayo C Jere, Margaret N Kosek, Karen L Kotloff, Farah Naz Qamar, Samba O Sow, James A Platts-Mills
BACKGROUND: Molecular diagnostics on human fecal samples have identified a larger burden of shigellosis than previously appreciated by culture. Evidence of fold changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) to conserved and type-specific Shigella antigens could be used to validate the molecular assignment of type-specific Shigella as the etiology of acute diarrhea and support polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based microbiologic end points for vaccine trials. METHODS: We will test dried blood spots collected at enrollment and 4 weeks later using bead-based immunoassays for IgG to invasion plasmid antigen B and type-specific lipopolysaccharide O-antigen for Shigella flexneri 1b, 2a, 3a, and 6 and Shigella sonnei in Shigella -positive cases and age-, site-, and season-matched test-negative controls from all sites in the Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Courtney Babb, Henry Badji, Md Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Jennifer Cornick, Sonia Qureshi, Catherine Sonye, Wagner V Shapiama Lopez, Mehreen Adnan, Hannah E Atlas, Kehkashan Begum, Stephanie A Brennhofer, Bubacarr E Ceesay, Abdoulie K Ceesay, Nigel A Cunliffe, Paul F Garcia Bardales, Shahinur Haque, Bri'Anna Horne, M Jahangir Hossain, Junaid Iqbal, Md Taufiqul Islam, Sadia Islam, Farhana Khanam, Karen L Kotloff, Thandizo Malemia, Katia Manzanares Villanueva, Gertrude Malola Million, Vitumbiko Munthali, John Benjamin Ochieng, Billy Ogwel, Maribel Paredes Olortegui, Richard Omore, Patricia B Pavlinac, James A Platts-Mills, Khandra T Sears, Ousman Secka, Sharon M Tennant, Pablo Peñataro Yori, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Khuzwayo C Jere, Margaret N Kosek, Stephen Munga, Usman N Ikumapayi, Firdausi Qadri, Farah Naz Qamar, Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade
BACKGROUND: The measurement of fecal inflammatory biomarkers among individuals presenting to care with diarrhea could improve the identification of bacterial diarrheal episodes that would benefit from antibiotic therapy. We reviewed prior literature in this area and describe our proposed methods to evaluate 4 biomarkers in the Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study. METHODS: We systematically reviewed studies since 1970 from PubMed and Embase that assessed the diagnostic characteristics of inflammatory biomarkers to identify bacterial diarrhea episodes...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan Dodd, Alex O Awuor, Paul F Garcia Bardales, Farhana Khanam, Donnie Mategula, Uma Onwuchekwa, Golam Sarwar, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Naveed Ahmed, Hannah E Atlas, Md Amirul Islam Bhuiyan, Josh M Colston, Bakary Conteh, Manan Diawara, Nasrin Dilruba, Sarah Elwood, Irum Fatima, Erika Feutz, Sean R Galagan, Shahinur Haque, Md Taufiqul Islam, Mehrab Karim, Belali Keita, Margaret N Kosek, Karen L Kotloff, Clement Lefu, Mamadou Mballow, Maureen Ndalama, Latif Ndeketa, Billy Ogwel, Caleb Okonji, Maribel Paredes Olortegui, Patricia B Pavlinac, Tackeshy Pinedo Vasquez, James A Platts-Mills, Firdausi Qadri, Sonia Qureshi, Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade, Shazia Sultana, Moussa Oumar Traore, Nigel A Cunliffe, M Jahangir Hossain, Richard Omore, Farah Naz Qamar, Milagritos D Tapia, Pablo Peñataro Yori, K Zaman, Christine J McGrath
BACKGROUND: Accurate estimation of diarrhea incidence from facility-based surveillance requires estimating the population at risk and accounting for case patients who do not seek care. The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study will characterize population denominators and healthcare-seeking behavior proportions to calculate incidence rates of Shigella diarrhea in children aged 6-35 months across 7 sites in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. METHODS: The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study will use a hybrid surveillance design, supplementing facility-based surveillance with population-based surveys to estimate population size and the proportion of children with diarrhea brought for care at EFGH health facilities...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Donnie Mategula, Maureen Ndalama, Clement Lefu, Jobiba Chinkhumba, Latif Ndeketa, Vitumbiko Munthali, Clifford Chitala, Thandizo Malemia, Gertrude Million, Ishmail Mbutuka, Ranken Mhone, Ethel Makwenda, Mussa James, Cornelius Bwanali, Gift Kazembe, Abell Manundo, Evance Chauluka, Salama Chitalo, Ethel Alumando, Dalitso Longwe, Maggie Matandika, Paul Jonasi, Agra Thindwa, Deborah Phiri, Richard Wachepa, Flywell Kawonga, Victor Maiden, Mary Charles, Ida Kapindula, Desiree Witte, Ann M Turner, Christina Bronowski, Kate Baker, Naor Bar-Zeev, Melita A Gordon, Queen Dube, Nigel A Cunliffe, Khuzwayo C Jere, Jennifer Cornick
BACKGROUND: Malawi is among 7 countries participating in the Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study, which aims to determine the incidence of medically attended diarrhea attributed to Shigella , a leading bacterial cause of diarrhea in children in low-resource settings. METHODS: We describe the EFGH study site in the densely populated informal settlement of Ndirande Township, Blantyre, Malawi. We explore the site's geographical location, demographic characteristics, and the healthcare-seeking behavior of its population, particularly for childhood diarrhea...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adama Mamby Keita, Sanogo Doh, Jane Juma, Dilruba Nasrin, Awa Traoré, Uma Onwuchekwa, Rebecca Maguire, Fadima C Haidara, Samba O Sow, Karen L Kotloff, Milagritos D Tapia
BACKGROUND: In 2002, the Centre pour le Développement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD-Mali) was established as a partnership between the Mali Ministry of Health and the University of Maryland, Baltimore. Since its creation, CVD-Mali has been dedicated to describing the epidemiology of infectious diseases, supporting the development of vaccines, and training a team of local researchers. CVD-Mali participated in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study from 2007 to 2010 and the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa study from 2015 to 2018, where the importance of Shigella as an enteric pathogen was established...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Omore, Alex O Awuor, Billy Ogwel, Caleb Okonji, Catherine Sonye, Caren Oreso, Victor Akelo, Manase Amollo, Isaiah Ogudi, Raphael O Anyango, Marjorie Audi, Evans Apondi, Laura Riziki, Lilian Ambila, Nasrin Dilruba, Erick Muok, Stephen Munga, John B Ochieng, Karen L Kotloff
BACKGROUND: Although Shigella is an important cause of diarrhea in Kenyan children, robust research platforms capable of conducting incidence-based Shigella estimates and eventual Shigella- targeted clinical trials are needed to improve Shigella -related outcomes in children. Here, we describe characteristics of a disease surveillance platform whose goal is to support incidence and consequences of Shigella diarrhea as part of multicounty surveillance aimed at preparing sites and assembling expertise for future Shigella vaccine trials...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erika Feutz, Prasanta K Biswas, Latif Ndeketa, Billy Ogwel, Uma Onwuchekwa, Golam Sarwar, Shazia Sultana, Pablo Peñataro Yori, Alyssa Acebedo, Naveed Ahmed, Imran Ahmed, Hannah E Atlas, Alex O Awuor, Md Amirul Islam Bhuiyan, Bakary Conteh, Oualy Diawara, Sarah Elwood, Moussa Fane, Md Ismail Hossen, Mahzabeen Ireen, Abdoulie F Jallow, Mehrab Karim, Margaret N Kosek, Karen L Kotloff, Clement Lefu, Jie Liu, Rebecca Maguire, Farah Naz Qamar, Maureen Ndalama, John Benjamin Ochieng, Caleb Okonji, Loyda Fiorella Zegarra Paredes, Patricia B Pavlinac, Karin Perez, Sonia Qureshi, Francesca Schiaffino, Moussa Traore, Kirkby D Tickell, Richard Wachepa, Desiree Witte, Jennifer Cornick, M Jahangir Hossain, Farhana Khanam, Maribel Paredes Olortegui, Richard Omore, Samba O Sow, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Sean R Galagan
BACKGROUND: Rigorous data management systems and planning are essential to successful research projects, especially for large, multicountry consortium studies involving partnerships across multiple institutions. Here we describe the development and implementation of data management systems and procedures for the Enterics For Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study-a 7-country diarrhea surveillance study that will conduct facility-based surveillance concurrent with population-based enumeration and a health care utilization survey to estimate the incidence of Shigella- -associated diarrhea in children 6 to 35 months old...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katia Manzanares Villanueva, Tackeshy Pinedo Vasquez, Pablo Peñataro Yori, Lucero Romaina Cacique, Paul F Garcia Bardales, Wagner V Shapiama Lopez, Fiorella Zegarra Paredes, Karin F Perez, Silvia Rengifo Pinedo, Hermann Silva Delgado, Thomas Flynn, Francesca Schiaffino, Josh M Colston, Maribel Paredes Paredes Olortegui, Margaret N Kosek
BACKGROUND: The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Peru site will enroll subjects in a periurban area of the low Amazon rainforest. The political department of Loreto lags behind most of Peru in access to improved sources of water and sanitation, per capita income, children born <2.5 kg, and infant and child mortality. Chronic undernutrition as manifested by linear growth shortfalls is common, but wasting and acute malnutrition are not. METHODS: The recruitment of children seeking care for acute diarrheal disease takes place at a geographic cluster of government-based primary care centers in an area where most residents are beneficiaries of free primary healthcare...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naveed Ahmed, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Farah Naz Qamar
BACKGROUND: The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study is a longitudinal multicountry study that aims to estimate incidence rates and document consequences of Shigella diarrhea within 7 countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. In addition to a high incidence of childhood diarrhea, Pakistan is facing a problem of antimicrobial resistance in urban and peri-urban areas of Karachi. METHODS: In Pakistan, EFGH will be conducted in Karachi, which is one of the metropolitan cities bordering the Arabian Sea and has a diverse population of 1...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bri'Anna Horne, Henry Badji, Md Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Lucero Romaina Cachique, Jennifer Cornick, Aneeta Hotwani, Jane Juma, John Benjamin Ochieng, Mahamadou Abdou, Evans Apondi, Hannah E Atlas, Alex O Awuor, Kate S Baker, Bubacarr E Ceesay, Mary Charles, Nigel A Cunliffe, Erika Feutz, Sean R Galagan, Ibrehima Guindo, M Jahangir Hossain, Junaid Iqbal, Fatima Jallow, Noumou Yakhouba Keita, Farhana Khanam, Karen L Kotloff, Victor Maiden, Katia Manzanares Villanueva, Oscar Mito, Md Parvej Mosharraf, Joseph Nkeze, Usman N Ikumapayi, Maribel Paredes Olortegui, Patricia B Pavlinac, Tackeshy Pinedo Vasquez, Firdausi Qadri, Farah Naz Qamar, Sonia Qureshi, Nazia Rahman, Aminata Sangare, Sunil Sen, Pablo Peñataro Yori, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Dilruba Ahmed, Khuzwayo C Jere, Margaret N Kosek, Richard Omore, Jasnehta Permala-Booth, Ousman Secka, Sharon M Tennant
BACKGROUND: Shigella is a major cause of diarrhea in young children worldwide. Multiple vaccines targeting Shigella are in development, and phase 3 clinical trials are imminent to determine efficacy against shigellosis. METHODS: The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study is designed to determine the incidence of medically attended shigellosis in 6- to 35-month-old children in 7 resource-limited settings. Here, we describe the microbiological methods used to isolate and identify Shigella ...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
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