keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511411/enhancing-bezlotoxumab-binding-to-c-difficile-toxin-b2-insights-from-computational-simulations-and-mutational-analyses-for-antibody-design
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kun Karnchanapandh, Kamonpan Sanachai, Rungtiva P Poo-Arporn, Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a significant concern caused by widespread antibiotic use, resulting in diarrhea and inflammation from the gram-positive anaerobic bacterium C. difficile . Although bezlotoxumab (Bez), a monoclonal antibody (mAb), was developed to address CDI recurrences, the recurrence rate remains high, partly due to reduced neutralization efficiency against toxin B2. In this study, we aimed to enhance the binding of Bez to C. difficile toxin B2 by combining computational simulations and mutational analyses...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510585/detection-of-enteropathogens-in-human-immunodeficiency-virus-and-non-human-immunodeficiency-virus-infected-children-with-acute-diarrhea-in-an-indonesian-tertiary-hospital-using-multiplex-real-time-polymerase-chain-reaction
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dewi Wulandari, Rivaldi Febrian, Pramita Gayatri Dwipoerwantoro, Nia Kurniati
PURPOSE: Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of mortality in children living in developing countries. The etiology of acute diarrhea in each healthcare center varies depending on place, time, and population. This study aimed to identify pathogen patterns in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and non-HIV children suffering from acute diarrhea, using multiplex real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in an Indonesian tertiary hospital. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr...
March 2024: Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508330/management-of-clostridioides-difficile-infection-diagnosis-treatment-and-future-perspectives
#23
REVIEW
Michael Cymbal, Arjun Chatterjee, Brian Baggott, Moises Auron
Clostridioides difficile infection is the most common healthcare-associated infection in the United States, with potential life-threatening complications and significant impact in the costs of care. Antibiotic stewardship as well as discontinuation of chronic acid suppressive therapy are key for its prevention and treatment. Effective infection management requires appropriate interpretation of diagnostic tests, as well as the use of vancomycin and fidaxomicin as first-line treatment. Novel treatments as Bezlotoxumab, fecal microbiota transplant and live biotherapeutic products are proven effective in recurrent C...
March 18, 2024: American Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508157/in-vitro-activity-of-dalbavancin-and-fourteen-other-antimicrobial-agents-against-toxigenic-clostridioides-difficile-clinical-isolates-in-a-greek-tertiary-care-hospital
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sofia Maraki, Viktoria Eirini Mavromanolaki, Dimitra Stafylaki, Evangelia Iliaki-Giannakoudaki, Anna Kasimati
OBJECTIVE: Clostridioides difficile is a major cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea worldwide. For years, metronidazole and vancomycin were considered the standard treatment for C. difficile infection (CDI). However, they are increasingly being associated with treatment failure and recurrence. In this study we investigated the in vitro activity of dalbavancin and fourteen other antimicrobials against 155 toxigenic C. difficile isolates originating from patients with C. difficile-associated diarrhea...
March 20, 2024: Medical Principles and Practice: International Journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505463/non-celiac-enteropathy-and-olmesartan-an-essential-consideration
#25
Sotirios G Doukas, Panagiotis G Doukas, Sugirdhana Velpari
Emerging evidence has shed light on non-celiac causes of enteropathy in recent years, presenting a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. This study discusses the diagnostic challenges related to non-celiac enteropathy, specifically focusing on olmesartan-induced enteropathy (OIE). A 73-year-old lady presented to the emergency department with a six-month history of watery diarrhea exacerbated by food intake and significant weight loss. The patient at admission was found to be dehydrated with severe hypokalemia and hypocalcemia...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502958/detection-of-clostridioides-difficile-infection-by-assessment-of-exhaled-breath-volatile-organic-compounds
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teny M John, Nabin Shrestha, Leen Hasan, Kirk Pappan, Owen Birch, David E Grove, Billy Boyle, Max Allsworth, Priyanka Shrestha, Gary Procop, Raed A Dweik
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of hospital-acquired infective diarrhea. Current methods for diagnosing CDI have limitations; enzyme immunoassays for toxin have low sensitivity and Clostridioides difficile PCR cannot differentiate infection from colonization. An ideal diagnostic test that incorporates microbial factors, host factors, and host-microbe interaction might characterize true infection. Assessing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath may be a useful test for identifying CDI...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Breath Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502707/cell-division-machinery-drives-cell-specific-gene-activation-during-differentiation-in-bacillus-subtilis
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sylvia Chareyre, Xuesong Li, Brandon R Anjuwon-Foster, Taylor B Updegrove, Sarah Clifford, Anna P Brogan, Yijun Su, Lixia Zhang, Jiji Chen, Hari Shroff, Kumaran S Ramamurthi
When faced with starvation, the bacterium Bacillus subtilis transforms itself into a dormant cell type called a "spore". Sporulation initiates with an asymmetric division event, which requires the relocation of the core divisome components FtsA and FtsZ, after which the sigma factor σF is exclusively activated in the smaller daughter cell. Compartment-specific activation of σF requires the SpoIIE phosphatase, which displays a biased localization on one side of the asymmetric division septum and associates with the structural protein DivIVA, but the mechanism by which this preferential localization is achieved is unclear...
March 26, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501667/outcomes-after-fecal-microbiota-transplantation-in-combination-with-bezlotoxumab-for-inflammatory-bowel-disease-and-recurrent-c-difficile-infection
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica R Allegretti, Jordan Axelrad, Rahul S Dalal, Colleen R Kelly, Ari Grinspan, Monika Fischer
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) prevents recurrent C. difficile infections (rCDI) in IBD. Patients. Bezlotoxumab is also indicated to prevent rCDI. We assess the impact of FMT in combination with bezlotoxumab in patients with IBD and rCDI. We conducted a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial. All received a single colonoscopic FMT. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive bezlotoxumab or placebo. Sixty-one patients were enrolled (30 received treatment and 31 placebo. Overall, 5 participants (8%) experienced a CDI recurrence; 4 in the treatment arm, 1 in placebo (13% vs 3%, p=0...
March 19, 2024: American Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500906/fatal-community-acquired-clostridioides-difficile-infection-as-a-cause-of-listeria-meningitis-a-case-report
#29
Kai Naraoka, Hajime Ikenouchi, Tatsuo Miyamoto, Kensho Ikeda, Kaoru Endo
A 77-year-old woman with a history of total gastrectomy was transferred to our hospital with complaints of fever and consciousness disturbance for five days. She had fever and consciousness disturbance with positive meningeal signs. Laboratory findings indicated an elevated inflammatory response and hypoalbuminemia, and computed tomography (CT) of the body indicated intestinal gas retention and mild ascites. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed pleocytosis with elevated protein levels and a diagnosis of Listeria meningitis was made...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500719/impact-of-a-syndrome-based-stewardship-intervention-on-antipseudomonal-beta-lactam-use-antimicrobial-resistance-c-difficile-rates-and-cost-in-a-safety-net-community-hospital
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alfredo J Mena Lora, Rodrigo Burgos, Aaron E Hunt, Yifan Wang, Dylan Huber, Lawrence Sanchez, Mirza Ali, Candice Krill, Eden Takhsh, Susan C Bleasdale
Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are commonly used without indication and contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We implemented a syndrome-based stewardship intervention in a community hospital that targeted common infectious syndromes and antipseudomonal beta-lactam (APBL) use. Our intervention successfully reduced AMR, C. difficile rates, use of APBLs, and cost.
2024: Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499070/fecal-microbiota-transplant-on-escherichia-shigella-gut-composition-and-its-potential-role-in-the-treatment-of-generalized-anxiety-disorder-a-systematic-review
#31
REVIEW
Meghan M Baske, Kiara C Timmerman, Lucas G Garmo, Megan N Freitas, Katherine A McCollum, Tom Y Ren
BACKGROUND: The gut-brain-axis has a role in mental health disorders. In people with generalized anxiety disorder, GAD,1 normal flora Escherichia-Shigella, are significantly elevated. Fecal microbiota transplant, FMT,2 has been used to alter the gut composition in unhealthy individuals. There may be a role for FMT in the treatment of GAD to improve the gut-brain-axis. METHODS: A systematic review of literature was conducted on articles published in PubMed, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Wed of Science from 2000 to 2022 that analyzed FMT as a modality to alter the gut microbiome in which Escherichia-Shigella levels were quantified and reported...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Affective Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493333/takotsubo-syndrome-and-colitis-due-to-clostridium-difficile-is-there-a-relationship
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Haydar, Uriel Levinger, George Habib
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 2024: Israel Medical Association Journal: IMAJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492986/infection-control-measure-performance-in-long-term-care-hospitals-and-their-relationship-to-joint-commission-accreditation
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen P Schmaltz, Beth A Longo, Scott C Williams
BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the relationship between Joint Commission accreditation and health care-associated infections (HAIs) in long-term care hospitals (LTCHs). METHODS: This observational study used Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) LTCH data for the period 2017 to June 2021. The standardized infection ratio (SIR) of three measures used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network were used as dependent variables in a random coefficient Poisson regression model (adjusting for CMS region, owner type, and bed size quartile): catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs), and central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) for the periods 2017 to 2019 and July 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021...
February 16, 2024: Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491720/the-impact-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-longitudinal-trends-of-surgical-mortality-and-inpatient-quality-of-care-in-ontario-canada
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven Habbous, Maggie Ford, Stacey Bar-Ziv, Terri Donovan, Erik Hellsten
AIMS: Previous studies have shown the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with reductions in volume across a spectrum of non-SARS-CoV-2 hospitalizations. In the present study, we examine the impact of the pandemic on patient safety and quality of care. DESIGN: This is a retrospective population-based study of discharge abstracts. METHODS: We applied a set of nationally validated indicators for measuring the quality of inpatient care to hospitalizations in Ontario, Canada between January 2010 and December 2022...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Advanced Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490164/-akkermansia-muciniphila-in-infectious-disease-a-new-target-for-this-next-generation-probiotic
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan M Keane, Monica Cazzaniga, Cormac G M Gahan
The common gastrointestinal commensal Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucin-degrading bacterium that is greatly reduced in individuals consuming a high-fat diet. Increasing evidence from a variety of clinical and pre-clinical studies suggests that oral supplementation with Akkermansia can improve metabolic health and moderate systemic inflammation. We and others have demonstrated a role for Akkermansia administration in protection against infectious disease and the outcome from sepsis. Very recent studies have indicated the molecular mechanisms by which A...
2024: Science Progress
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487351/incidence-and-risk-factors-of-clostridioides-difficile-infection-in-liver-transplant-recipients-a-comprehensive-literature-review
#36
REVIEW
Tooba Laeeq, Kyaw Min Tun, Tahne Vongsavath, Aditi Singh, Vignan Manne
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2024: Clinical Liver Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484448/microbiota-insights-into-pet-ownership-and-human-health
#37
REVIEW
Sepideh Abdolghanizadeh, Elaheh Salmeh, Fatemeh Mirzakhani, Erfan Soroush, Seyed Davar Siadat, Samira Tarashi
The relationship between pet and owner has already been studied in several studies. Reviewing and summarizing studies on human and pet microbiota and their effects due to keeping pets is the purpose of the current study. Microbiota of the gut, oral cavity, and skin are unique to each individual, and this is also true of their pets (cats and dogs). Microbiota homeostasis is essential for the health of pets and their owners. Dysbiosis or imbalances in the microbiota can increase the risk of disorder progressions such as IBD or Clostridium difficile infections, among others...
March 11, 2024: Research in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483783/pseudomembranous-colitis-and-parabacteroides-distasonis-bacteraemia-a-rare-clinical-presentation
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine Hsu, Claudia Moore-Gillon, Mathew Vithayathil, Shwan Karim
We present the case of a male with end-stage diabetic nephropathy on haemodialysis who initially presented with acute-on-chronic digital ulceration. While awaiting vascular intervention, he became septic with abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Flexible sigmoidoscopy confirmed pseudomembranous colitis secondary to Clostridium difficile. Blood cultures grew Parabacteroides distasonis, a Gram-negative gut anaerobe. Enterobacter cloacae, another Gram-negative anaerobic gut bacilli, was grown in colonic cultures and swabs of the digital ulcers...
March 14, 2024: Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482760/-difficult-to-treat-rheumatoid-arthritis
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fahad Jamal Alromaih, Alexandre Dumusc
Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common inflammatory arthritis and has benefited from significant advances in its management in the past years. However, specific challenges persist, including the management of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid (D2TRA), which is defined by the failure of at least two biological or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs with a different mechanism of action. D2TRA reported prevalence is from 5 to 20 %. EULAR (European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology) proposed a step-by-step approach for managing D2TRA, starting with confirmation of diagnosis, assessment of inflammatory activity, immunosuppressive treatment choice and non-pharmacological treatment...
March 13, 2024: Revue Médicale Suisse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481776/the-prevalence-and-impact-of-psychiatric-comorbidities-on-hospitalized-inflammatory-bowel-disease-patients-in-the-united-states-insights-from-the-national-inpatient-sample-from-2009-2018
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcella Pimpinelli, Abhishek Bhurwal, Sophia Pimpinelli, Hemant Mutneja, Carlos D Minacapelli, B Attar, Vikas Bansal, Lea Ann Chen, Steven Brant, Darren N Seril
BACKGROUND: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of anxiety and mood disorders. This study examines the temporal trends and clinical impact of anxiety and mood disorder diagnoses in hospitalized IBD patients in the United States during a 10-year period. METHODS: Using the National Inpatient Sample from 2009-2018, all IBD-related discharges in adults were analyzed. Primary outcomes were the prevalence and temporal trends of mood disorder and anxiety diagnoses for IBD-related admissions...
2024: Annals of Gastroenterology: Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology
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