Pin build-up

OBJECTIVE: To analyze treatment outcomes in children with traumatic injuries of the diaphragm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We followed-up 14 children aged 3-18 years with traumatic injuries of the diaphragm. Diagnostic measures included anamnesis, physical examination, pleural and abdominal puncture, bladder catheterization, ultrasound and X-ray examination including CT. RESULTS: Traumatic brain injury and thoracoabdominal trauma prevailed in children with traumatic injuries of the diaphragm...

Pinning control has been attracting wide attention for the study of various complex networks for decades. This article explores grounded theory on the pinning synchronization of the emerging multiplex dynamical networks. The multiplex dynamical networks under study can describe many real-world scenarios, in which different layers have distinct individual dynamics of node. In this work, we build the bridge between multiplex structures and network dynamics by using the Lyapunov stability theory and the spectral graph theory...

Research on existing wooden structures relies on non-destructive and semi-destructive techniques. One of the methods enabling the estimation of the physico-mechanical characteristics of wood in building structures based on established correlational relationships is the sclerometric method. The challenge in utilizing these known correlational relationships is the lack of data regarding the impact of frequently occurring factors in objects on sclerometric test results. This paper presents the influence of selected factors on the results of sclerometric tests, such as temperature, the direction of testing in relation to annual growth rings, and the physical orientation of the measuring device...

In this work, additively manufactured pin-joint specimens are analyzed for their mechanical performance and functionality. The functionality of a pin-joint is its ability to freely rotate. The specimens were produced using laser powder bed fusion technology with the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. The pin-joints were manufactured using previously optimized process parameters to successfully print miniaturized joints with an angle to the build plate. The focus of this work lies in the influence of joint clearance, and therefore all specimens were manufactured with a variety of clearance values, from 0 µm up to 150 µm, in 10 µm steps...

Irrigation is limited by water scarcity. Here, we show how a drip irrigation system inspired by the leaf of the fig tree Ficus religiosa (also known as the bodhi tree) can improve irrigation efficiency. The reverse curvature of the leaf regulates the convergence process of multiple water streams, while its long-tail apex allows for fast water drainage with the droplet separation centroid beyond the leaf apex. We explain why drip frequency increases after the break-up of contact line pinning at the apex tip by using scaling laws for drip volume and analyzing drainage dynamics...

Standard lay-up fabrication of fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) suffer from poor out-of-plane properties and delamination resistance. While advanced manufacturing techniques (e.g., interleaving, braiding, and z-pinning) increase delamination resistance in FRCs, they typically result in significant fabrication complexity and limitations, increased manufacturing costs, and/or overall stiffness reduction. In this work, we demonstrate the use of facile digital light processing (DLP) technique to additively manufacture (AM) random glass FRCs with engineered interleaves...

Van der Waals (vdW) layered materials exhibit fruitful novel physical properties. The energy band of such materials depends strongly on their structures, and a tremendous variation in their physical properties can be deduced from a tiny change in inter-layer spacing, twist angle, or in-plane strain. In this work, a kind of vdW layered material of spiral antimonene is constructed, and the strain effects in the material are studied. The spiral antimonene is grown on a germanium (Ge) substrate and is induced by a helical dislocation penetrating through few atomic-layers of antimonene (β-phase)...

Significance: Few studies have analyzed how loneliness-related factors differ across generations for older adults in non-Western societies. Building upon the stress process model, this study aimed to explore the relationships between work-family conflict before retirement, social engagement after retirement and changes in loneliness after retirement among retirees across two birth cohorts (Baby Boomers and pre-Boomers) in Taiwan. Methods: Data from the Taiwan Health and Retirement Study, a nationwide retired cohort sample collected from two waves between 2015/2016 and 2018/2019, was analyzed...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our research is to compare the post-surgical position of the temporomandibular joint in skeletal Class III patients and patients with cleft lip and palate treated with two-jaw orthognathic surgery using a three-dimensional computer tomography image. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three skeletal Class III patients with mandibular prognathism associated with maxillary retrognathism in group 1 and twenty cleft mid-face retrusion skeletal Class III patients in group 2 were enrolled in this study...

Biodiesel is an important building block in renewable energy transformation. The main culprit is that during storage biodiesel will undergo transformation processes that can lead to molecular changes, which then can cause applicational problems such as severe motor damage. To prevent this a detailed understanding of the involved molecules and the emerging aging products is necessary. Biodiesel samples were stored for up to 12 months to monitor molecular changes and all mixtures were investigated by using ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI)...

BACKGROUND: Pelvic movement training has become compulsory for part of medical students. An increasing amount of research has focused on the influence of virtual reality (VR) on learning effectiveness. However, its application to pelvic floor muscles or pelvic movement training is still in its infancy. We compared the effectiveness of conventional pelvic movement training with or without VR-assisted pelvic movement training for student learning. METHODS: We recruited 44 university students (16 male and 28 female participants; average age = 19...

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), together with other members of the van der Waals crystal family, has been studied for over a decade, both in terms of fundamental and applied research. Up to now, the spectrum of h-BN-based devices has broadened significantly, and systems containing the h-BN/III-V junctions have gained substantial interest as building blocks in, inter alia, light emitters, photodetectors, or transistor structures. Therefore, the understanding of electronic phenomena at the h-BN/III-V interfaces becomes a question of high importance regarding device engineering...

BACKGROUND: Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are one of the most common major fractures. Despite their frequency, the tradeoffs in different outcomes after casting or surgery for closed extraarticular DRFs in older adults are unknown. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: (1) For adults older than 60 years with closed extraarticular DRFs, what are the tradeoffs in outcomes for choosing casting versus surgery? (2) In what settings would surgery be preferred over casting? METHOD: This is a secondary analysis of data from the Wrist and Radius Injury Surgical Trial (WRIST), a randomized, multicenter clinical trial that enrolled patients from April 10, 2012 to December 31, 2016...

Early and prolonged prone positioning (PP) therapy improve survival in advanced ARDS; however, the predictors of mortality remain unclear. The study aims to identify predictive factors correlated with mortality and build-up the prognostic score in patients with severe ARDS who received early and prolonged PP therapy. A total of 116 patients were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of mortality. Factors associated with mortality were assessed by Cox regression analysis and presented as the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI...

The current estimations of the burden of disease (BD) of PM2.5 exposure is still potentially biased by two factors: ignorance of heterogeneous vulnerabilities at diverse urbanization levels and reliance on the risk estimates from existing literature, usually from different locations. Our objectives are (1) to build up a data fusion framework to estimate the burden of PM2.5 exposure while evaluating local risks simultaneously and (2) to quantify their spatial heterogeneity, relationship to land-use characteristics, and derived uncertainties when calculating the disease burdens...

Gravity is a major cue for the proper growth and development of plants. The response of plants to gravity implies starch-filled plastids, the statoliths, which sediments at the bottom of the gravisensing cells, the statocytes. Statoliths are assumed to modify the transport of the growth hormone, auxin, by acting on specific auxin transporters, PIN proteins. However, the complete gravitropic signaling pathway from the intracellular signal associated to statoliths to the plant bending is still not well-understood...

Two promising strategies to manage eating behaviour are intuitive eating (IE; following hunger) and pinned eating (PE; ignoring hunger/eating at specific times of the day). This study compared IE and PE on behavioural markers. Participants ( n 56) were randomly assigned to IE ( n 28) or PE ( n 28) and given instructions to follow for 1 week. Drive to eat, behaviour, behavioural intentions and self-efficacy were measured at baseline and follow-up. Participants also evaluated their specific intervention. Comparable changes over time were found for both conditions for many measures...

We report a highly active single-site heterogeneous cobalt-catalyst based on a porous and robust pyridylimine-functionalized metal-organic frameworks (pyrim-MOF) for chemoselective borylation of arene and benzylic C-H bonds. The pyrim-MOF having UiO-68 topology, constructed from zirconium-cluster secondary building units and pyridylimine-functionalized dicarboxylate bridging linkers, was metalated with CoCl2 followed by treatment of NaEt3 BH to give the cobalt-functionalized MOF-catalyst (pyrim-MOF-Co). Pyrim-MOF-Co has a broad substrate scope, allowing the C-H borylation of halogen-, alkoxy-, alkyl-substituted arenes as well as heterocyclic ring systems using B2 pin2 or HBpin (pin = pinacolate) as the borylating agent to afford the corresponding arene- or alkyl-boronate esters in good yields...

BACKGROUND: Doctors must care for many patients simultaneously, and it is time-consuming to find and examine all patients' medical histories. Discharge diagnoses provide hospital staff with sufficient information to enable handling multiple patients; however, the excessive amount of words in the diagnostic sentences poses problems. Deep learning may be an effective solution to overcome this problem, but the use of such a heavy model may also add another obstacle to systems with limited computing resources...

Nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with topographically or chemically distinct surface patches are an emerging class of colloidal building blocks of functional hierarchical materials. Surface segregation of polymer ligands into pinned micelles offers a strategy for the generation of patchy NPs with controlled spatial distribution and number of patches. The thermodynamic nature of this approach poses a question about the stability of multiple patches on the NP surface, as the lowest energy state is expected for NPs carrying a single patch...