keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522565/astragalus-polysaccharides-ameliorates-experimental-colitis-by-regulating-memory-b-cells-metabolism
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yifei Deng, Lizhao Song, Jiaqi Huang, Wen Zhou, Yali Liu, Xiuyun Lu, Haimei Zhao, Duanyong Liu
It is well-established that the reduced Memory B cells (MBCs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), rendering them a potential therapeutic target for UC intervention. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), a primary active constituent derived from the classic traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus membranaceus (AM), has been used for centuries in the treatment of UC in both human and animal subjects due to its renowned immunomodulatory properties. However, it is unknown whether APS can regulate MBCs to alleviate experimental colitis...
March 22, 2024: Chemico-biological Interactions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522129/a-reverse-translational-approach-reveals-the-protective-roles-of-mangifera-indica-in-inflammatory-bowel-disease
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anella Saviano, Anna Schettino, Nunzia Iaccarino, Adel Abo Mansour, Jenefa Begum, Noemi Marigliano, Federica Raucci, Francesca Romano, Gelsomina Riccardi, Emma Mitidieri, Roberta d'Emmanuele di Villa Bianca, Ivana Bello, Elisabetta Panza, Martina Smimmo, Valentina Vellecco, Peter Rimmer, Jonathan Cheesbrough, Zhaogong Zhi, Tariq H Iqbal, Stefano Pieretti, Vincenzo Maria D'Amore, Luciana Marinelli, Valeria La Pietra, Raffaella Sorrentino, Luisa Costa, Francesco Caso, Raffaele Scarpa, Giuseppe Cirino, Antonio Randazzo, Mariarosaria Bucci, Helen Michelle McGettrick, Asif Jilani Iqbal, Francesco Maione
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic intestinal disorders often characterized by a dysregulation of T cells, specifically T helper (Th) 1, 17 and T regulatory (Treg) repertoire. Increasing evidence demonstrates that dietary polyphenols from Mangifera indica L. extract (MIE, commonly known as mango) mitigate intestinal inflammation and splenic Th17/Treg ratio. In this study, we aimed to dissect the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of MIE using a reverse translational approach, by initially using blood from an adult IBD inception cohort and then investigating the mechanism of action in a preclinical model of T cell-driven colitis...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Autoimmunity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521455/from-gains-to-gaps-how-selective-androgen-receptor-modulator-sarm-yk11-impact-hippocampal-function-in-silico-in-vivo-and-ex-vivo-perspectives
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mustafa Munir Mustafa Dahleh, Vandreza Cardoso Bortolotto, Silvana Peterini Boeira, Hecson Jesser Segat, Gustavo Petri Guerra, Marina Prigol
Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs), particularly (17α,20E)-17,20-[(1-methoxyethylidene)bis(oxy)]-3-oxo-19-norpregna-4,20-diene-21-carboxylic-acid-methyl-ester (YK11), are increasingly popular among athletes seeking enhanced performance. Serving as an Androgen Receptor (AR) agonist, YK11 stimulates muscle growth while inhibiting myostatin. Our study delved into the impact of YK11 on the rat hippocampus, analyzing potential alterations in neurochemical mechanisms and investigating its synergistic effects with exercise (EXE), based on the strong relationship between SARM users and regular exercise...
March 21, 2024: Chemico-biological Interactions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521068/the-central-role-of-natural-killer-cells-in-mediating-acute-myocarditis-after-mrna-covid-19-vaccination
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hing Wai Tsang, Mike Yat Wah Kwan, Gilbert T Chua, Sabrina Siu Ling Tsao, Joshua Sung Chih Wong, Keith Tsz Suen Tung, Godfrey Chi Fung Chan, Kelvin Kai Wang To, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Wing Hang Leung, Patrick Ip
BACKGROUND: Vaccine-related acute myocarditis is recognized as a rare and specific vaccine complication following mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccinations. The precise mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that natural killer (NK) cells play a central role in its pathogenesis. METHODS: Samples from 60 adolescents with vaccine-related myocarditis were analyzed, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, cardiac troponin T, genotyping, and immunophenotyping of the corresponding activation subsets of NK cells, monocytes, and T cells...
March 15, 2024: Med
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519940/total-iridoid-glycoside-extract-of-lamiophlomis-rotata-benth-kudo-accelerates-diabetic-wound-healing-by-the-nrf2-cox2-axis
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoyu Geng, Ying Wang, Huan Li, Liang Song, Chen Luo, Xiaojie Gu, Haixin Zhong, Huilin Chen, Xinzhu Chen, Jianwei Wang, Zheng Pan
BACKGROUND: Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo (L. rotata), the oral Traditional Tibetan herbal medicine, is adopted for treating knife and gun wounds for a long time. As previously demonstrated, total iridoid glycoside extract of L. rotata (IGLR) induced polarization of M2 macrophage to speed up wound healing. In diabetic wounds, high levels inflammatory and chemotactic factors are usually related to high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. As a ROS target gene, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), influences the differentiation of monocytes to M1/M2 macrophages...
March 22, 2024: Chinese Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519181/prebiotics-modulate-the-microbiota-gut-brain-axis-and-ameliorate-anxiety-and-depression-like-behavior-in-hfd-fed-mice
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Igor Henrique Rodrigues de Paiva, Laís Macedo Maciel, Rodrigo Soares da Silva, Ingrid Prata Mendonça, José Roberto Botelho de Souza, Christina Alves Peixoto
Previous research has demonstrated that Prebiotics can influence the composition of the gut microbiota, consequently impacting mood regulation. This study aimed to assess the effects of Prebiotics, specifically Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on neuroinflammation, depression, and anxiety-like behavior in a mouse model fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Initially, mice were divided into two groups: a control group on a standard diet (n = 15) and a group on an HFD for 18 weeks (n = 45)...
April 2024: Food Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518995/human-recombinant-relaxin-2-serelaxin-regulates-the-proteome-lipidome-lipid-metabolism-and-inflammatory-profile-of-rat-visceral-adipose-tissue
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alana Aragón-Herrera, Sandra Feijóo-Bandín, Xocas Vázquez-Abuín, Laura Anido-Varela, Sandra Moraña-Fernández, Susana B Bravo, Estefanía Tarazón, Esther Roselló-Lletí, Manuel Portolés, Javier García-Seara, José Seijas, Diego Rodríguez-Penas, Daniele Bani, Oreste Gualillo, José Ramón González-Juanatey, Francisca Lago
Recombinant human relaxin-2 (serelaxin) has been widely proven as a novel drug with myriad effects at different cardiovascular levels, which support its potential therapeutic efficacy in several cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Considering these effects, together with the influence of relaxin-2 on adipocyte physiology and adipokine secretion, and the connection between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) dysfunction and the development of CVD, we could hypothesize that relaxin-2 may regulate VAT metabolism. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of a 2-week serelaxin treatment on the proteome and lipidome of VAT from Sprague-Dawley rats...
March 20, 2024: Biochemical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518105/the-il-7r-antagonist-lusvertikimab-reduces-leukemic-burden-in-xenograft-all-via-antibody-dependent-cellular-phagocytosis
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lennart Lenk, Irène Baccelli, Anna Laqua, Julia Heymann, Claas Reimer, Anna Dietterle, Dorothee Winterberg, Caroline Mary, Frédérique Corallo, Julien Taurelle, Emma Narbeburu, Stéphanie Lara Neyton, Mylène Déramé, Sabrina Pengam, Fotini Vogiatzi, Beat Bornhauser, Jean-Pierre Bourquin, Simon Raffel, Vladyslava Dovhan, Thomas Schüler, Gabriele Escherich, Monique L den Boer, Judith M Boer, Wiebke Wessels, Matthias Peipp, Julia Alten, Željko Antić, Anke Katharina Bergmann, Martin Schrappe, Gunnar Cario, Monika Brüggemann, Nicolas Poirier, Denis M Schewe
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) arises from the uncontrolled proliferation of precursor B or T cells (BCP- or T-ALL). Current treatment protocols obtain high cure rates in children but are based on toxic polychemotherapy. Novel therapies are urgently needed, especially in relapsed/refractory (r/r) disease, high-risk leukemias and T-ALL, where immunotherapy approaches remain scarce. While the Interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) plays a pivotal role in ALL development, no IL-7R-targeting immunotherapy has yet reached clinical application in ALL...
March 22, 2024: Blood
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517295/the-role-of-coinhibitory-receptors-in-b-cell-dysregulation-in-sars-cov-2-infected-individuals-with-severe-disease
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suguru Saito, Najmeh Bozorgmehr, Wendy Sligl, Mohammed Osman, Shokrollah Elahi
Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with significant immune dysregulation involving different immune cell subsets. In this study, when analyzing critically ill COVID-19 patients versus those with mild disease, we observed a significant reduction in total and memory B cell subsets but an increase in naive B cells. Moreover, B cells from COVID-19 patients displayed impaired effector functions, evidenced by diminished proliferative capacity, reduced cytokine, and Ab production. This functional impairment was accompanied by an increased apoptotic potential upon stimulation in B cells from severely ill COVID-19 patients...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516928/roles-of-il-4-il-13-and-their-receptors-in-lung-cancer
#30
REVIEW
Yao Zhang, Kangle Zhu, Xiao Wang, Yi Zhao, Jingwei Shi, Zhengcheng Liu
Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are the main effectors of innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) of the type 2 innate immune response, which can carry out specific signal transmission between multiple cells in the tumor immune microenvironment. IL-4 and IL-13 mediate signal transduction and regulate cellular functions in a variety of solid tumors through their shared receptor chain, the transmembrane heterodimer interleukin-4 receptor alpha/interleukin-13 receptor alpha-1 (type II IL-4 receptor). IL-4, IL-13, and their receptors can induce the formation of a variety of malignant tumors and play an important role in their progression, growth, and tumor immunity...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516892/gnti-122-an-autologous-antigen-specific-engineered-treg-cell-therapy-for-type-1-diabetes
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gene I Uenishi, Marko Repic, Jennifer Y Yam, Ashley Landuyt, Priya Saikumar-Lakshmi, Tingxi Guo, Payam Zarin, Martina Sassone-Corsi, Adam Chicoine, Hunter Kellogg, Martina Hunt, Travis Drow, Ritika Tewari, Peter J Cook, Soo Jung Yang, Karen Cerosaletti, Darius Schweinoch, Benjamin Guiastrennec, Eddie James, Chandra Patel, Tiffany F Chen, Jane H Buckner, David J Rawlings, Thomas J Wickham, Karen T Mueller
Tregs have the potential to establish long-term immune tolerance in patients recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) by preserving β cell function. Adoptive transfer of autologous thymic Tregs, although safe, exhibited limited efficacy in previous T1D clinical trials, likely reflecting a lack of tissue specificity, limited IL-2 signaling support, and in vivo plasticity of Tregs. Here, we report a cell engineering strategy using bulk CD4+ T cells to generate a Treg cell therapy (GNTI-122) that stably expresses FOXP3, targets the pancreas and draining lymph nodes, and incorporates a chemically inducible signaling complex (CISC)...
February 8, 2024: JCI Insight
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516755/comparable-cd8-t-cell-responses-to-sars-cov-2-vaccination-in-single-cell-transcriptomics-of-recently-allogeneic-transplanted-patients-and-healthy-individuals
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eva Tranter, Marco Frentsch, Marie Luise Hütter-Krönke, Giang Lam Vuong, David Busch, Lucie Loyal, Larissa Henze, Stanislav Rosnev, Igor-Wolfgang Blau, Andreas Thiel, Dieter Beule, Lars Bullinger, Benedikt Obermayer, Il-Kang Na
Despite extensive research on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination responses in healthy individuals, there is comparatively little known beyond antibody titers and T-cell responses in the vulnerable cohort of patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). In this study, we assessed the serological response and performed longitudinal multimodal analyses including T-cell functionality and single-cell RNA sequencing combined with T cell receptor (TCR)/B cell receptor (BCR) profiling in the context of BNT162b2 vaccination in ASCT patients...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516380/il-2-cd25-axis-mediates-cellular-networks-promoting-the-growth-of-cd25-acute-myeloid-leukemia-cells
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kazunori Nakase, Kenkichi Kita
Although the expression of interleukin-2 receptor α-chain (IL-2Rα, CD25) has been provided prognostic significance independent of known biomarkers in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the functional role of CD25 molecule remains unknown. Since IL-2 can be trans-presented via CD25 to another cell, CD25+ AML cells may deliver environmental IL-2 to surrounding immune cells to produce myeloid growth factors for their proliferation. We hypothesize that cellular interactions via IL-2/CD25 axis in the bone marrow microenvironment contributes to the growth advantage of these AML cells and affects the clinical outcome of those AML patients...
2024: Leukemia Research Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514793/early-induction-of-cytokine-release-syndrome-by-rapidly-generated-car-t-cells-in-preclinical-models
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arezoo Jamali, Naphang Ho, Angela Braun, Elham Adabi, Frederic B Thalheimer, Christian J Buchholz
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a significant side-effect of conventional chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. To facilitate patient accessibility, short-term (st) CAR T cells, which are administered to patients only 24 h after vector exposure, are in focus of current investigations. Their impact on the incidence and severity of CRS has been poorly explored. Here, we evaluated CD19-specific stCAR T cells in preclinical models. In co-culture with tumor cells and monocytes, stCAR T cells exhibited anti-tumoral activity and potent release of CRS-related cytokines (IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, GM-CSF, IL-2, IL-10)...
March 21, 2024: EMBO Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513928/association-between-polymorphisms-and-atopic-dermatitis-susceptibility-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#35
REVIEW
Yunxia Huang, Wei Zhou, Shunan Liu, Dan Zeng, Weikang Zhou
AIM: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disease that is closely linked to genetic factors. Previous studies have revealed numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that been related to susceptibility to AD; however, the results are conflicting. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the associations of these polymorphisms and AD risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were retrieved to identify eligible studies, with selected polymorphisms being reported in a minimum of three separate studies...
March 19, 2024: Gene
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513841/role-of-macrophage-bioenergetics-in-n-acetylcysteine-mediated-mitigation-of-lung-injury-and-oxidative-stress-induced-by-nitrogen-mustard
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rama Malaviya, Jaclynn Meshanni, Vasanthi R Sunil, Alessandro Venosa, Changjiang Guo, Elena V Abramova, Kinal N Vayas, Chenghui Jiang, Jessica A Cervelli, Andrew J Gow, Jeffrey D Laskin, Debra L Laskin
Nitrogen mustard (NM) is a toxic vesicant that causes acute injury to the respiratory tract. This is accompanied by an accumulation of activated macrophages in the lung and oxidative stress which have been implicated in tissue injury. In these studies, we analyzed the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an inhibitor of oxidative stress and inflammation on NM-induced lung injury, macrophage activation and bioenergetics. Treatment of rats with NAC (150 mg/kg, i.p., daily) beginning 30 min after administration of NM (0...
March 19, 2024: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513294/macropinocytic-cups-function-as-signal-platforms-for-the-mtorc2-akt-pathway-to-modulate-lps-induced-cytokine-expression-in-macrophages
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Wang, Xiaowei Sun, Jianan Chen, Yanan Li, Yuxin He, Jinzi Wei, Zhongyang Shen, Sei Yoshida
Macropinocytosis is a large-scale endocytosis process that is primarily observed in phagocytes as part of their cellular function to ingest antigens. Once phagocytes encounter gram-negative bacteria, the receptor proteins identify lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), which trigger radical membrane ruffles that gradually change to cup-like structures. The open area of the cups closes to generate vesicles called macropinosomes. The target bacteria are isolated by the cups and engulfed by the cells as the cups close. In addition to its ingestion function, macropinocytosis also regulates the AKT pathway in macrophages...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Leukocyte Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512428/quantitative-proteomic-analysis-identifying-and-evaluating-traf6-and-il-8-as-potential-diagnostic-biomarkers-in-neonatal-patients-with-necrotizing-enterocolitis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Wang, Minhan Qu, Aijuan Qiu, Lili Yang, Hui Xu, Shenglin Yu, Zhaojun Pan
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common gastrointestinal complication in premature infants, resulting in high morbidity and mortality, and its early detection is crucial for accurate treatment and outcome prediction. Extensive research has demonstrated a clear correlation between NEC and extremely low birth weight, degree of preterm, formula feeding, infection, hypoxic/ischemic damage, and intestinal dysbiosis. The development of noninvasive biomarkers of NEC from stool, urine, and serum has attracted a great deal of interest because to these clinical connections and the quest for a deeper knowledge of disease pathophysiology...
March 21, 2024: Molecular Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512424/interleukin-3-inhibits-glutamate-cytotoxicity-in-neuroblastoma-cell-line
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Verónica Matus, Marcos Castro-Guarda, Joaquín Cárcamo-Fierro, Francisco J Morera, Angara Zambrano
Interleukin 3 (IL-3) is a well-known pleiotropic cytokine that regulates the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, triggering classical signaling pathways such as JAK/STAT, Ras/MAPK, and PI3K/Akt to carry out its functions. Interestingly, the IL-3 receptor is also expressed in non-hematopoietic cells, playing a crucial role in cell survival. Our previous research demonstrated the expression of the IL-3 receptor in neuron cells and its protective role in neurodegeneration. Glutamate, a principal neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, can induce cellular stress and lead to neurotoxicity when its extracellular concentrations surpass normal levels...
March 21, 2024: Neurochemical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512032/-triptolide-reduces-neuronal-damage-in-cerebral-ischemia-reperfusion-rats-by-promoting-microglial-m2-polarization
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bingtao Mu, Minfang Guo, Jingwen Yu, Huiyu Zhang
Objective To investigate the effects of triptolide (TP) on microglial M1/M2 polarization after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established. TP was administered to rats at doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg, with a sham surgery group as the control group. Longa scoring was performed to grade neurological deficits in rats; HE staining was used to observe the morphology of neurons in ischemic brain tissues; neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN) immunofluorescence staining was used to measure the number of neurons; and Western blot analysis was used to measure the expression levels of ionised calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), arginase 1 (Arg1), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), NeuN and caspase-3 in ischemic-brain tissues...
March 2024: Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue za Zhi, Chinese Journal of Cellular and Molecular Immunology
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