Nfkb pregnancy

Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) is an organophosphate flame retardant widely distributed in the environment. The neurodevelopmental toxicity of TPhP has been observed in animals and humans. Previously, we found that prenatal TPhP exposure disturbed placental tryptophan metabolism, impaired neurodevelopment in male offspring, and induced abnormal neurobehavior; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In this study, using the trophoblast cell line JEG-3, we found that TPhP altered gene and protein expression in the tryptophan metabolism pathway, inhibited the tryptophan-serotonin pathway, and activated the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway...

Preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM) is a common pregnancy disease closely related to inflammation. The formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family involved in defense responses, inflammation, and disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism, is associated with pregnancy diseases. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) can activate FPR2 and inhibit the inflammatory signals. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells are good materials for anti-inflammatory and tissue repair. This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory and tissue repair effects of the combined application of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and FPR2 agonist LXA4...

Prenatal inflammatory insults accompany prematurity and provoke diffuse white matter injury (DWMI), which is associated with increased risk of neurodevelopmental pathologies, including autism spectrum disorders. DWMI results from maturation arrest of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), a process that is poorly understood. Here, by using a validated mouse model of OPC maturation blockade, we provide the genome-wide ID card of the effects of neuroinflammation on OPCs that reveals the architecture of global cell fate issues underlining their maturation blockade...

AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) supplementation on some biochemical parameters in pregnant diabetic rats and the foetus. BACKGROUND: The global incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been on the increase despite current interventional therapies, underscoring the need for alternative or complementary therapeutic approaches. OBJECTIVE: The objective is to determine the effect of tBHQ on blood glucose, insulin resistance, body weight, relative liver and kidney weights, serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), liver function (albumin, aspartate and alanine amino transaminases) and kidney function markers (urea, creatinine and uric acid) in the sera, and study maternal and foetal renal levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, foetal weights and histology of the kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced GDM in rats...

Uterine prostaglandins F2α (PGF2α) is essential for implantation, initiation of luteolysis and delivery. Previous studies have demonstrated that the expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an enzyme limiting PGF2α rate, is regulated by steroid hormones, and also dihydrotestosterone (DHT) may be involved in regulating COX-2 expression both positively and negatively. However, it remains unclear how whether DHT regulates COX-2 expression and consequent PGF2α release in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (EECs)...

SCOPE: Vitamin B12 and folate (methyl donors) deficiency is frequent during pregnancy. Experimental rat models with methyl donor deficit during pregnancy and lactation (defined as initial, iMDD) produce impaired myocardium fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial energy metabolism at weaning. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated the consequences of iMDD on heart of rat pups under normal diet after weaning and high fat diet (HF) between day (D) 50 and D185. iMDD/HF induced increased histological fibrosis and increased BNP blood level...

The main aim of this study was to examine if a female mouse body in preimplantation pregnancy can distinguish between embryos of normal and impaired biological quality in the local and peripheral compartments. Normal (control group) and TNFα (tumor necrosis factor-α)-treated embryos (experimental group) at the morula stage were non-surgically transferred into the uteri of CD-1 strain [Crl:CD1(Icr)] female murine recipients. Twenty-four hours after the embryo transfer, females were euthanised, and uteri and spleens were dissected...

AIM: To investigate the effects of prenatal exposure to AgNPs obtained by green synthesis with Viburnum opulus L. extract on the testis in male offspring rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two different doses of AgNPs (0.8 and 1.5 mg/kg b.w.) and vehicle (PBS) were administered to Wistar female rats on days 3-14 of gestation. At 6 weeks after birth, the ultrastructural changes in correlation with the amount of silver as well as the parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation and cell death mechanisms in the testis of male offspring were evaluated...

INTRODUCTION: Preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) are at increased risk of cerebral injury and neurodevelopmental dysfunction. N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) is a known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent. Currently, there is no prophylactic treatment in clinical use to prevent NEC and its neurodevelopmental sequelae. We sought to determine whether brain inflammation/apoptosis accompanies NEC systemic inflammation, and whether it can be attenuated by maternal NAC treatment during pregnancy and/or in the neonatal period in a rat model...

Early pregnancy features complex signaling between fetal trophoblast cells and maternal endometrium directing major peri-implantation events including localized inflammation and remodeling to establish proper placental development. Pro-inflammatory mediators are important for conceptus attachment, but a more precise understanding of molecular pathways regulating this process is needed to understand how the endometrium becomes receptive to implantation. Both chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) and its receptor CXCR4 are expressed by fetal and maternal tissues...

BACKGROUND: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease of neonates, especially premature neonates. To date, there is no prophylactic treatment against NEC, except breast milk and slow increase in enteral feeding, and there is no antenatal prophylaxis. AIMS: To assess possible protective effects of antenatal N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) against the intestinal pathophysiological changes associated with NEC in a rat model of NEC and against its associated mortality...

Pregnancy establishment in mammals, including pigs, requires proper communication between embryos and the maternal reproductive tract. Prokineticin 1 (PROK1) has been described as a secretory protein with pleiotropic functions and as a novel tissue-specific angiogenic factor. However, despite the studies performed mainly on human cell lines and in mice, the function of PROK1 in the endometrium during early pregnancy is still not fully elucidated. We hypothesized that PROK1 contributes to pregnancy establishment in the pig...

Although rescue of the corpus luteum (CL) is required for pregnancy, luteal function during maternal recognition of pregnancy remains largely unexplored. CL were collected from pregnant cattle on days 14, 17, 20, and 23, to encompass the maternal recognition of pregnancy period. Next-generation sequencing was used to profile mRNA abundance during this time, while tandem mass spectrometry and nanostring technology were used to profile proteins and miRNA, respectively. A total of 1157 mRNA were differentially abundant, while 27 miRNA changed, and 29 proteins tended to change...

Maternal or paternal high fat (HF) diet can modify the epigenome in germ cells and fetal somatic cells leading to an increased susceptibility among female offspring of multiple generations to develop breast cancer. We determined if combined treatment with broad spectrum DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor hydralazine and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) will reverse this increased risk. C57BL/6 mouse dams were fed either a corn oil-based HF or control diet during pregnancy. Starting at age 7 weeks, female offspring were administered 3 doses of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) to initiate mammary cancer...

Prolactin plays an important role in trophoblast growth, placental angiogenesis and immunomodulation within the feto-maternal interface, where different cell types secrete prolactin and express its receptor. During pregnancy, inflammatory signaling is a deleterious event which has been associated with poor fetal outcomes. The placenta is highly responsive to the inflammatory stimulus, however the actions of prolactin in placental immunity and inflammation remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate prolactin effects on the TLR4/NFkB signaling cascade and associated inflammatory targets in cultured explants from healthy term human placentas...

BACKGROUND: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the main bacteria that infects pregnant women and can cause abortion and chorioamnionitis. The impact of GBS effects on human trophoblast cells remains largely elusive, and actions toward anti-inflammatory strategies in pregnancy are needed. A potent anti-inflammatory molecule, uvaol is a triterpene from olive oil and its functions in trophoblasts are unknown. We aimed to analyze biomechanical and functional effects of inactivated GBS in trophoblast cells, with the addition of uvaol to test potential benefits...

Background: Liver has important immune function during fetal development and after birth. However, the effect of maternal malnutrition on immune function of the fetal liver is rarely reported. In this study, twelve pregnant goats (Xiangdong black goat, at d 45 of gestation) were assigned to the control group (fed 100% of nutritional requirements) and the restriction group (fed 60% of the intake of the control group) during gestation from d 55 to 100. Fetal goats were harvested at d 100 of gestation and immune indexes and amino acid profiles of the umbilical cord blood and liver Toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling pathways were measured...

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is a major complication of pregnancy with no medical treatment. It is associated with placental oxidative stress, hypoxia and inflammation leading to soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) and soluble endoglin (sENG) secretion and reduced placental growth factor (PlGF). This results in widespread endothelial dysfunction causing hypertension and multisystem organ injury. Sulfasalazine is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant medication used to treat autoimmune disease...

This study explored the effects of maternal exposure to e-waste environmental heavy metals on neonatal DNA methylation patterns. Neonatal umbilical cord blood (UCB) samples were collected from participants that resided in an e-waste recycling area, Guiyu and a nearby non-e-waste area, Haojiang in China. The concentrations of UCB lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn) and chromium (Cr) were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Epigenome-wide DNA methylation at 473, 844 CpG sites (CpGs) were assessed by Illumina 450 K BeadChip...

The viral mimetic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) is an important tool to study the consequences of viral infection to the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, based on the premise of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFAs) as supplemental treatment to antipsychotics in schizophrenia, we investigated the involvement of NFkB pathway in the effects of n3 PUFAs or of the atypical antipsychotic clozapine in hippocampal poly I:C-challenged neurons. Primary hippocampal neuronal cultures were exposed to n3 PUFAs (DHA4...