keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38115157/bilateral-upper-limb-robot-assisted-rehabilitation-improves-upper-limb-motor-function-in-stroke-patients-a-study-based-on-quantitative-eeg
#21
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Congzhi Tang, Ting Zhou, Yun Zhang, Runping Yuan, Xianghu Zhao, Ruian Yin, Pengfei Song, Bo Liu, Ruyan Song, Wenli Chen, Hongxing Wang
BACKGROUND: Upper limb dysfunction after stroke seriously affects quality of life. Bilateral training has proven helpful in recovery of upper limb motor function in these patients. However, studies evaluating the effectiveness of bilateral upper limb robot-assisted training on improving motor function and quality of life in stroke patients are lacking. Quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) is non-invasive, simple, and monitors cerebral cortical activity, which can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions...
December 19, 2023: European Journal of Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38097281/neurosyphilis-presenting-as-limbic-encephalitis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew Shrimpton, Abhishek Malhotra
A man in his 50s presented with focal seizures and was found to have an inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with bilateral mesiotemporal lobe hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Corticosteroid treatment was initiated for management of limbic encephalitis. Focal seizures, imaging abnormalities and inflammatory CSF persisted despite treatment and the patient was found to have neurosyphilis after developing neuropsychiatric symptoms. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection with multisystem involvement including neurological and psychiatric manifestations...
December 14, 2023: BMJ Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38093529/cognitively-defined-alzheimer-s-dementia-subgroups-have-distinct-atrophy-patterns
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul K Crane, Colin Groot, Rik Ossenkoppele, Shubhabrata Mukherjee, Seo-Eun Choi, Michael Lee, Phoebe Scollard, Laura E Gibbons, R Elizabeth Sanders, Emily Trittschuh, Andrew J Saykin, Jesse Mez, Connie Nakano, Christine Mac Donald, Harkirat Sohi, Shannon Risacher
INTRODUCTION: We sought to determine structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics across subgroups defined based on relative cognitive domain impairments using data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and to compare cognitively defined to imaging-defined subgroups. METHODS: We used data from 584 people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) (461 amyloid positive, 123 unknown amyloid status) and 118 amyloid-negative controls. We used voxel-based morphometry to compare gray matter volume (GMV) for each group compared to controls and to AD-Memory...
December 13, 2023: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38090110/structural-connectivity-of-cytoarchitectonically-distinct-human-left-temporal-pole-subregions-a-diffusion-mri-tractography-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takeshi Sasaki, Nikos Makris, Martha E Shenton, Peter Savadjiev, Yogesh Rathi, Ryan Eckbo, Sylvain Bouix, Edward Yeterian, Bradford C Dickerson, Marek Kubicki
The temporal pole (TP) is considered one of the major paralimbic cortical regions, and is involved in a variety of functions such as sensory perception, emotion, semantic processing, and social cognition. Based on differences in cytoarchitecture, the TP can be further subdivided into smaller regions (dorsal, ventrolateral and ventromedial), each forming key nodes of distinct functional networks. However, the brain structural connectivity profile of TP subregions is not fully clarified. Using diffusion MRI data in a set of 31 healthy subjects, we aimed to elucidate the comprehensive structural connectivity of three cytoarchitectonically distinct TP subregions...
2023: Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38077387/a-case-report-of-anti-gad65-antibody-positive-autoimmune-encephalitis-in-children-associated-with-autoimmune-polyendocrine-syndrome-type-ii-and-literature-review
#25
REVIEW
Tamang Sapana, Wei Li, Fengyan Tian, Wenhao Yan, Binghua Dou, Shuang Hua, Zhihong Zhuo
BACKGROUND: Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is the rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are associated with various neurologic conditions described in patients, including stiff person syndrome, cerebellar ataxia, refractory epilepsy, and limbic and extra limbic encephalitis. While there are few case reports and research on anti-GAD65 antibody-associated encephalitis in adults, such cases are extremely rare in pediatric cases...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38073629/radiological-markers-of-neurological-manifestations-of-post-acute-sequelae-of-sars-cov-2-infection-a-mini-review
#26
REVIEW
Olivia Cull, Lina Al Qadi, Josiane Stadler, Mykella Martin, Antonios El Helou, Jeffrey Wagner, Danica Maillet, Ludivine Chamard-Witkowski
The neurological impact of COVID-19 is a rising concern among medical professionals, as patients continue to experience symptoms long after their recovery. This condition, known as neurological post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (Neuro-PASC), can last for more than 12 weeks and includes symptoms such as attention disorders, brain fog, fatigue, and memory loss. However, researchers and health professionals face significant challenges in understanding how COVID-19 affects the brain, limiting the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies...
2023: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38057945/mesial-temporal-dopamine-from-biology-to-behaviour
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leah G Mann, Daniel O Claassen
While colloquially recognized for its role in pleasure, reward, and affect, dopamine is also necessary for proficient action control. Many motor studies focus on dopaminergic transmission along the nigrostriatal pathway, using Parkinson's disease as a model of a dorsal striatal lesion. Less attention to the mesolimbic pathway and its role in motor control has led to an important question related to the limbic-motor network. Indeed, secondary targets of the mesolimbic pathway include the hippocampus and amygdala, and these are linked to the motor cortex through the substantia nigra and thalamus...
December 6, 2023: European Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38046728/understanding-focal-seizures-in-adults-a-comprehensive-review
#28
REVIEW
Yash Ghulaxe, Abhishek Joshi, Jay Chavada, Shreyash Huse, Bhakti Kalbande, Prayas P Sarda
Focal or partial seizures are a common neurological disorder affecting adults. This review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of focal seizures in adults, including their classification, clinical presentation, etiology, diagnosis, and management. This article seeks to enhance awareness and knowledge among medical professionals and the general public by exploring the latest research and clinical insights. Standard electroencephalography (EEG) and recordings in presurgical electrode depth in humans provide a clear definition of patterns similar to focal seizures...
November 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38015980/associations-between-social-network-characteristics-and-brain-structure-among-older-adults
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohit K Manchella, Paige E Logan, Brea L Perry, Siyun Peng, Shannon L Risacher, Andrew J Saykin, Liana G Apostolova
INTRODUCTION: Social connectedness is associated with slower cognitive decline among older adults. Recent research suggests that distinct aspects of social networks may have differential effects on cognitive resilience, but few studies analyze brain structure. METHODS: This study includes 117 cognitively impaired and 59 unimpaired older adults. The effects of social network characteristics (bridging/bonding) on brain regions of interests were analyzed using linear regressions and voxel-wise multiple linear regressions of gray matter density...
November 28, 2023: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38012122/topological-properties-analysis-and-identification-of-mild-cognitive-impairment-based-on-individual-morphological-brain-network-connectome
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaowen Xu, Peiying Chen, Weikai Li, Yongsheng Xiang, Zhongfeng Xie, Qiang Yu, Ying Tang, Peijun Wang
Mild cognitive impairment is considered the prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease. Accurate diagnosis and the exploration of the pathological mechanism of mild cognitive impairment are extremely valuable for targeted Alzheimer's disease prevention and early intervention. In all, 100 mild cognitive impairment patients and 86 normal controls were recruited in this study. We innovatively constructed the individual morphological brain networks and derived multiple brain connectome features based on 3D-T1 structural magnetic resonance imaging with the Jensen-Shannon divergence similarity estimation method...
November 27, 2023: Cerebral Cortex
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37990350/abnormal-regional-activity-in-the-prefrontal-limbic-circuit-at-rest-potential-imaging-markers-and-treatment-predictors-in-drug-naive-anxiety-disorders
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoxiao Shan, Haohao Yan, Huabing Li, Feng Liu, Ping Li, Jingping Zhao, Wenbin Guo
BACKGROUND: Previous research has identified functional impairments within the prefrontal-limbic circuit in individuals with anxiety disorders. However, the link between these deficiencies, clinical symptoms, and responses to antipsychotic treatment is still not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate abnormal regional activity within the prefrontal-limbic circuit among drug-naive individuals diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) and to analyze changes following treatment...
November 21, 2023: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37984247/cognitive-and-motor-impulsivity-in-the-healthy-brain-and-implications-for-eating-disorders-and-obesity-a-coordinate-based-meta-analysis-and-systematic-review
#32
REVIEW
Giulia Mattavelli, Irene Gorrino, Diana Tornaghi, Nicola Canessa
Alterations in the impulse-control balance, and in its neural bases, have been reported in obesity and eating disorders (EDs). Neuroimaging studies suggest a role of fronto-parietal networks in impulsive behaviour, with evaluation and anticipatory processes additionally recruiting meso-limbic regions. However, whether distinct facets of cognitive and motor impulsivity involve common vs. specific neural correlates remains unclear. We addressed this issue through Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analyses of fMRI studies on delay discounting (DD) and go/no-go (GNG) tasks, alongside conjunction and subtraction analyses...
October 31, 2023: Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37944581/altered-functional-connectivity-in-working-memory-network-after-acute-sleep-deprivation
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sitong Feng, Hao Yao, Sisi Zheng, Zhengtian Feng, Xinzi Liu, Rui Liu, Linrui Dong, Yongli Cai, Hongxiao Jia, Yanzhe Ning
Acute sleep deprivation (SD) has a detrimental effect on working memory (WM). However, prior functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have failed to reach consistent results on brain functions underlying WM decline after acute SD. Thus, we aimed to identify convergent patterns of abnormal brain functions due to WM decline after acute SD. A coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of task-state fMRI studies testing the effects of acute SD on WM was performed to construct WM network...
December 15, 2023: Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37933077/paraneoplastic-anti-gad65-extralimbic-encephalitis-presented-with-epilepsy-a-case-report
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Si-Qi Xia, Hao-Nan Fan, Lin-Feng Fan, Wu Xia, Gao Chen
RATIONALE: Autoimmunity targeting glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) is associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus as well as various neurological diseases. In the central nervous system, GAD65 autoimmunity usually presents with limbic encephalitis, whereas extralimbic encephalitis (ELE) has only been reported in a few cases. Moreover, anti-GAD65 ELE in the paraneoplastic context has not yet been reported. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 60-year-old man presented with intermittent cough and sputum for 10 years, with no other diseases...
November 3, 2023: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37928725/structural-functional-coupling-abnormalities-in-temporal-lobe-epilepsy
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoting Huang, Yangsa Du, Danni Guo, Fangfang Xie, Chunyao Zhou
BACKGROUND: Nowadays, researchers are using advanced multimodal neuroimaging techniques to construct the brain network connectome to elucidate the complex relationship among the networks of brain functions and structure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the coupling of structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) in the entire brain of healthy controls (HCs), and to investigate modifications in SC-FC coupling in individuals suffering from temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE)...
2023: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37919833/pattern-of-ventral-temporal-lobe-interconnections-in-rhesus-macaques
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julied Bautista, Miguel Á García-Cabezas, Maria Medalla, Douglas L Rosene, Basilis Zikopoulos, Helen Barbas
The entorhinal cortex (EC, A28) is linked through reciprocal pathways with nearby perirhinal and visual, auditory, and multimodal association cortices in the temporal lobe, in pathways associated with the flow of information for memory processing. The density and laminar organization of these pathways is not well understood in primates. We studied interconnections within the ventral temporal lobe in young adult rhesus monkeys of both sexes with the aid of neural tracers injected in temporal areas (Ts1, Ts2, TE1, area 36, temporal polar area TPro, and area 28) to determine the density and laminar distribution of projection neurons within the temporal lobe...
November 2, 2023: Journal of Comparative Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37914416/early-neuroaxonal-damage-in-neurologic-disorders-associated-with-gad65-antibodies
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katharina Eisenhut, Jennifer Faber, Daniel Engels, Ramona Gerhards, Jan Lewerenz, Kathrin Doppler, Claudia Sommer, Robert Markewitz, Kim K Falk, Rosa Rössling, Harald Pruess, Carsten Finke, Jonathan Wickel, Christian Geis, Dominica Ratuszny, Lena K Pfeffer, Stefan Bittner, Johannes Piepgras, Andrea Kraft, Jaqueline Klausewitz, Brigitte Nuscher, Tania Kümpfel, Franziska S Thaler
OBJECTIVES: Neurodegeneration is considered a relevant pathophysiologic feature in neurologic disorders associated with antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65). In this study, we investigate surrogates of neuroaxonal damage in relation to disease duration and clinical presentation. METHODS: In a multicentric cohort of 50 patients, we measured serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) in relation to disease duration and disease phenotypes, applied automated MRI volumetry, and analyzed clinical characteristics...
January 2024: Neurology® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37905589/longitudinal-patterns-of-alzheimer-s-disease-subtypes-a-follow-up-magnetic-resonance-imaging-and-single-photon-emission-computed-tomography-study
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haruo Hanyu, Yumi Koyama, Haruka Horita, Sadayoshi Watanabe, Tomohiko Sato, Hidekazu Kanetaka, Soichiro Shimizu, Kentaro Hirao
AIM: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a biologically heterogenous disease. In a previous study, we classified 245 patients with probable AD into the typical AD (TAD), limbic-predominant (LP), hippocampal-sparing (HS) and minimal-change (MC) subtypes based on their medial temporal lobe atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging and posterior hypoperfusion on single-photon emission computed tomography, and described differences in clinical features among the patients with different AD subtypes. This study aimed to clarify the longitudinal patterns of changes in patients with the various AD subtypes by follow-up brain imaging analyses...
October 31, 2023: Geriatrics & Gerontology International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37905134/sensing-feeling-and-regulating-investigating-the-association-of-focal-brain-damage-with-voluntary-respiratory-and-motor-control
#39
Henrik Bischoff, Christopher Kovach, Sukbhinder Kumar, Joel Bruss, Daniel Tranel, Sahib S Khalsa
UNLABELLED: Breathing is a complex, vital function that can be modulated to influence physical and mental well-being. However, the role of cortical and subcortical brain regions in voluntary control of human respiration is underexplored. Here we investigated the influence of damage to human frontal, temporal, or limbic regions on the sensation and regulation of breathing patterns. Participants performed a respiratory regulation task across regular and irregular frequencies ranging from 6 to 60 breaths per minute (bpm), with a counterbalanced hand motor control task...
October 17, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37872734/t1-t2-weighted-ratio-reveals-no-alterations-to-gray-matter-myelination-in-temporal-lobe-epilepsy
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Colin Denis, Kevin Dabbs, Veena A Nair, Jedidiah Mathis, Dace N Almane, Akshayaa Lakshmanan, Andrew Nencka, Rasmus M Birn, Lisa Conant, Colin Humphries, Elizabeth Felton, Manoj Raghavan, Edgar A DeYoe, Jeffrey R Binder, Bruce Hermann, Vivek Prabhakaran, Barbara B Bendlin, Mary E Meyerand, Mélanie Boly, Aaron F Struck
Short-range functional connectivity in the limbic network is increased in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and recent studies have shown that cortical myelin content correlates with fMRI connectivity. We thus hypothesized that myelin may increase progressively in the epileptic network. We compared T1w/T2w gray matter myelin maps between TLE patients and age-matched controls and assessed relationships between myelin and aging. While both TLE patients and healthy controls exhibited increased T1w/T2w intensity with age, we found no evidence for significant group-level aberrations in overall myelin content or myelin changes through time in TLE...
October 23, 2023: Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
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