keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38127464/persistent-mucus-plugs-in-proximal-airways-are-consequential-for-airflow-limitation-in-asthma
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brendan K Huang, Brett M Elicker, Travis S Henry, Kimberly G Kallianos, Lewis D Hahn, Monica Tang, Franklin Heng, Charles E McCulloch, Nirav R Bhakta, Sharmila Majumdar, Jiwoong Choi, Loren C Denlinger, Sean B Fain, Annette T Hastie, Eric A Hoffman, Elliot Israel, Nizar N Jarjour, Bruce D Levy, David T Mauger, Kaharu Sumino, Sally E Wenzel, Mario Castro, Prescott G Woodruff, John V Fahy
BACKGROUND: Information about the size, airway location, and longitudinal behavior of mucus plugs in asthma is needed to understand their role in mechanisms of airflow obstruction and to rationally design muco-active treatments. METHODS: Computed tomography (CT) lung scans from 57 asthma patients were analyzed to quantify mucus plug size and airway location, and paired CT scans obtained 3 years apart were analyzed to determine plug behavior over time. Radiologist annotations of mucus plugs were incorporated in an image-processing pipeline to generate size and location information that was related to measures of airflow...
December 21, 2023: JCI Insight
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38117887/jak3-inhibitor-suppresses-multipotent-ilc2s-and-attenuates-steroid-resistant-asthma
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jihyun Kim, Jongho Ham, Hye Ryun Kang, Yong-Soo Bae, TaeSoo Kim, Hye Young Kim
Steroids are the standard treatment for allergic airway inflammation in asthma, but steroid-refractory asthma poses a challenge. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), such as T helper 2 (TH 2) cells, produce key asthma-related type 2 cytokines. Recent insights from mouse and human studies indicate a potential connection between ILC2s and steroid-resistant asthma. Here, we highlight that lung ILC2s, rather than TH 2 cells, can develop steroid resistance, allowing them to persist and maintain their disease-driving activity even during steroid treatment...
December 22, 2023: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38116349/an-unusual-case-of-eosinophilic-chronic-rhinosinusitis-with-concurrent-eosinophilic-otitis-media-limited-responsiveness-to-multiple-antibody-therapies-and-subsequent-cochlear-implantation
#23
Kosuke Urabe, Yumi Ohta, Soichiro Fujii, Takeshi Tsuda, Hidenori Inohara
Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) and eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) are debilitating inflammatory conditions that affect the paranasal sinuses and middle ear, respectively, and are characterized by eosinophilic infiltration. This study describes a rare and intricate case of a 65-year-old male patient concurrently afflicted with ECRS, EOM, and bronchial asthma. Despite the systematic administration of corticosteroids and various antibody drugs, the patient's condition remained unimproved, necessitating a cochlear implant for EOM, which is seldom an aggressive intervention...
November 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38089957/a-case-of-adult-epstein-barr-virus-associated-pneumonia-with-multiple-cavitary-pulmonary-lesions-confirmed-by-lung-biopsy-mngs-a-case-report
#24
Sanmei Zhuang, Xiaohong Yu, Yupeng Zhang, Xiaoyang Chen
BACKGROUND: EBV pneumonia with multiple cavitary pulmonary lesions is clinically rare. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, with an aim to enhance clinicians' awareness of this disease and reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses. CASE PRESENTATION: This paper presents A 59-year-old male patient's initial symptoms included fever, cough, sputum, and asthma. The pulmonary CT imaging demonstrated multiple patchy and ground glass consolidation in both lungs, partial cavitary formation, and subpleural mesh lattice changes in the lower lobe of both lungs...
2023: Infection and Drug Resistance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38087345/potential-anticancer-properties-and-mechanisms-of-thymoquinone-in-colorectal-cancer
#25
REVIEW
Farhad Sheikhnia, Vahid Rashidi, Hossein Maghsoudi, Maryam Majidinia
Colorectal neoplasms are one of the deadliest diseases among all cancers worldwide. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a natural compound of Nigella sativa that has been used in traditional medicine against a variety of acute/chronic diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, rheumatism, headache, back pain, anorexia, amenorrhea, paralysis, inflammation, mental disability, eczema, obesity, infections, depression, dysentery, hypertension, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal disorders. This review aims to present a detailed report on the studies conducted on the anti-cancer properties of TQ against colorectal cancer, both in vitro and in vivo...
December 12, 2023: Cancer Cell International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38037337/simultaneous-quantification-of-tiotropium-bromide-impurities-g%C3%A2-%C3%A2-h-in-capsule-formulation-by-lc-ms-ms
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Serdar Erkol, Müge Güleli, Cem Çalışkan, Sevgi Kocaoba
Tiotropium Bromide is a long-acting bronchodilator that is used in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma bronchodilator or bronchiolitis, which are substances that expand the bronchi and reduce resistance in the respiratory tract and increase airflow to the lungs. For Tiotropium Bromide found in inhaler capsules to treat COPD, determining the relevant impurities G and H, which are not UV active, is crucial. For this purpose, a new and sensitive liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) detection with electrospray ionization by using multiple reaction monitoring in the positive mode method was developed and validated...
November 30, 2023: European Journal of Mass Spectrometry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38034137/oscillometry-in-lung-function-assessment-a-comprehensive-review-of-current-insights-and-challenges
#27
REVIEW
Souvik Sarkar, Ulhas Jadhav, Babaji Ghewade, Syamal Sarkar, Pankaj Wagh
Oscillometry, a non-invasive technique for assessing lung function, has gained significant recognition and importance in modern pulmonary medicine. This comprehensive review thoroughly explores its principles, applications, advantages, limitations, recent innovations, and future directions. Oscillometry's primary strength lies in its ability to offer a holistic assessment of lung mechanics. Unlike traditional spirometry, oscillometry captures the natural airflow during quiet breathing, making it suitable for patients of all ages and those with severe respiratory conditions...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38026109/unilateral-complicated-pleural-empyema-in-a-patient-with-bronchial-asthma-due-to-clindamycin-resistant-prevotella-buccae
#28
Sakshi Patel, Hamza Hanfe, Alkesh Kumar Khurana, Arati Bhadade, Shashwati Nema
Prevotella buccae (P. buccae) is a gram-negative obligate anaerobe mainly associated with infections of odontogenic origin. Non-oral monomicrobial infection by these obligate anaerobic bacteria is rare. Only a few cases of monomicrobial non-oral infections by P. buccae have been reported in the literature. We are reporting a case of unilateral complicated pleural empyema in a patient with bronchial asthma infected by P. buccae . Pleural fluid aerobic culture and blood culture reports were sterile. No acid-fast bacilli were detected by Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) staining, and cartridge-based nucleic acid assay test (CBNAAT) reports were negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis ...
2023: Archive of clinical cases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37991425/4-octyl-itaconate-alleviates-airway-eosinophilic-inflammation-by-suppressing-chemokines-and-eosinophil-development
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maureen Yin, Ridhima Wadhwa, Jacqueline E Marshall, Caitlin M Gillis, Richard Y Kim, Kamal Dua, Eva M Palsson-McDermott, Padraic G Fallon, Philip M Hansbro, Luke A J O'Neill
4-Octyl itaconate (4-OI) is a derivative of the Krebs cycle-derived metabolite itaconate and displays an array of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties through modifying cysteine residues within protein targets. We have found that 4-OI significantly reduces the production of eosinophil-targeted chemokines in a variety of cell types, including M1 and M2 macrophages, Th2 cells, and A549 respiratory epithelial cells. Notably, the suppression of these chemokines in M1 macrophages was found to be NRF2-dependent...
November 22, 2023: Journal of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37936054/pp121-a-dual-inhibitor-of-tyrosine-and-phosphoinositide-kinases-relieves-airway-hyperresponsiveness-mucus-hypersecretion-and-inflammation-in-a-murine-asthma-model
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Li, Lu Xue, Changsi Peng, Ping Zhao, Yongbo Peng, Weiwei Chen, Wenyi Wang, Jinhua Shen
BACKGROUND: Tyrosine kinase and phosphoinositide kinase pathways play important roles in asthma formation. As a dual tyrosine and phosphoinositide kinase inhibitor, PP121 has shown anticancer efficacy in multiple tumors. However, the study of PP121 in pulmonary diseases is still limited. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic activities of PP121 in asthma treatment. METHODS: Tension measurements and patch clamp recordings were made to investigate the anticontractile characteristics of PP121 in vitro...
November 7, 2023: Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37931708/dual-inhibition-of-airway-inflammation-and-fibrosis-by-common-beta-cytokine-receptor-blockade
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hao Wang, Kwok Ho Yip, Simon P Keam, Ross Vlahos, Kristy Nichol, Peter Wark, John Toubia, Anita Kral, Gökhan Cildir, Harshita Pant, Tim R Hercus, Nick Wilson, Catherine Owczarek, Angel F Lopez, Steven Bozinovski, Damon J Tumes
BACKGROUND: Severe asthmatics can present with eosinophilic type 2 (T2), neutrophilic or mixed inflammation that drives airway remodeling and exacerbations and represents a major treatment challenge. The common beta (βc) receptor signals for three cytokines GM-CSF, IL-5 and IL-3, that collectively mediate T2 and neutrophilic inflammation. OBJECTIVES: To determine the pathogenesis of βc receptor mediated inflammation and remodeling in severe asthma, and to investigate βc antagonism as a therapeutic strategy for mixed granulocytic airway disease...
November 4, 2023: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37919851/interleukin-33-endothelin-1-and-inflammatory-parameters-in-chronic-spontaneous-urticaria
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bidzina Kulumbegov, Tinatin Chikovani, Maia Gotua, Nino Kikodze, Eli Magen
Background: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and interleukin-33 (IL-33) can modulate the activation of mast cells and basophils in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases, interplaying with other mediators of "low-grade inflammation." Objective: To compare ET-1, IL-33, the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), eosinophil-lymphocyte ratio (ELR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), eosinophil-basophil ratio (EBR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and system inflammation response index (SIRI) in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and are antihistamine sensitive (AHS), antihistamine resistant (AHR), omalizumab sensitive (OmS), and omalizumab resistant (OmR)...
November 1, 2023: Allergy and Asthma Proceedings:
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37913668/bilateral-follicular-thyroid-carcinoma-with-large-sternal-metastasis-case-report-and-review-of-the-literature
#33
Mohamed S Al Hassan, Walid El Ansari, Hamza Said Wali, Ehab Massad, Adham Darweesh, Abdelrahman Abdelaal
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) typically spreads hematogenously, with bone metastasis being worrisome, often appearing to be resistant to radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. Metastasis to sternum is exceedingly rare. CASE PRESENTATION: A 43-year-old Egyptian male presented with chest tightness, cough, and shortness of breath. He was initially treated as bronchial asthma. Later, he was referred to our thyroid surgery clinic as a case of goitre and palpable sternal mass...
November 2023: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37907918/amitriptyline-inhibits-bronchoconstriction-and-directly-promotes-dilatation-of-the-airways
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paulina Hempel, Virag Klein, Anna Michely, Svenja Böll, Annette D Rieg, Jan Spillner, Till Braunschweig, Saskia von Stillfried, Norbert Wagner, Christian Martin, Klaus Tenbrock, Eva Verjans
INTRODUCTION: The standard therapy for bronchial asthma consists of combinations of acute (short-acting ß2 -sympathomimetics) and, depending on the severity of disease, additional long-term treatment (including inhaled glucocorticoids, long-acting ß2 -sympathomimetics, anticholinergics, anti-IL-4R antibodies). The antidepressant amitriptyline has been identified as a relevant down-regulator of immunological TH 2-phenotype in asthma, acting-at least partially-through inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), an enzyme involved in sphingolipid metabolism...
October 31, 2023: Respiratory Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37903168/associations-between-psychological-and-respiratory-distress-in-post-deployment-veterans
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Murphy P Danahy, Maegan M Paxton Willing, Larissa L Tate, Eric Shuping, David S Riggs
Since September 11, 2001, over 2.7 million United States service members have deployed to South-West Asia and the Middle East and have been exposed to environmental hazards and psychological trauma. Many of these service members have returned with medical and psychological illnesses, some of which have proved complex and resistant to treatment. One notable constellation of symptoms is post-deployment respiratory illness, which has become a focus of research and policy efforts. The present study sought to examine the impact of post-deployment psychological distress on respiratory symptom severity...
2023: Military Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37899908/shoseiryuto-promotes-the-formation-of-a-tight-junction-barrier-in-cultured-human-bronchial-epithelial-cells
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingya Lu, Ailing Hu, Takuji Yamaguchi, Masahiro Tabuchi, Yasushi Ikarashi, Hiroyuki Kobayashi
Shoseiryuto (SST) (Xiao-Qing-Long-Tang in Chinese) is an effective treatment for respiratory diseases, such as bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis, but its effects on the bronchial tight-junction (TJ) barrier have not been clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SST on TJ-barrier function in human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells. The 16HBE cells were cultured in a culture medium without (control) and with SST in the absence and presence of bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in transwell chambers...
2023: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine: ECAM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37877005/high-risk-human-papillomavirus-associated-corneal-conjunctival-intraepithelial-neoplasia-in-a-young-patient
#37
Jessica Y Walia, George J Harocopos, Augustine R Hong
PURPOSE: To report a case of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated corneal/conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in a 17-year-old fair-skinned male with no other risk factors. OBSERVATIONS: A 17-year-old Caucasian male presented with an 18-month history of left eye pain, redness, itchiness, and decreased vision. Examination revealed a leukoplakic nasal limbal/peripheral corneal lesion resistant to topical antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatments...
December 2023: American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37870292/glucagon-like-peptide-1-receptor-pathway-attenuates-platelet-activation-in-aspirin-exacerbated-respiratory-disease
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dinah Foer, Taneem Amin, Jun Nagai, Yumi Tani, Chunli Feng, Tao Liu, Dawn C Newcomb, Juying Lai, Hiroaki Hayashi, William E Snyder, Alanna McGill, Anabel Lin, Tanya M Laidlaw, Kevin D Niswender, Joshua A Boyce, Katherine N Cahill
Platelets are key contributors to allergic asthma and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), an asthma phenotype involving platelet activation and IL-33-dependent mast cell activation. Human platelets express the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). GLP-1R agonists decrease lung IL-33 release and airway hyperresponsiveness in mouse asthma models. We hypothesized that GLP-1R agonists reduce platelet activation and downstream platelet-mediated airway inflammation in AERD. GLP-1R expression on murine platelets was assessed using flow cytometry...
December 15, 2023: Journal of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37863662/synergy-between-interleukin-1%C3%AE-interferon-%C3%AE-and-glucocorticoids-to-induce-tlr2-expression-involves-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BAb-stat1-and-gr
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akanksha Bansal, Cora Kooi, Keerthana Kalyanaraman, Sachman Gill, Andrew Thorne, Priyanka Chandramohan, Amandah Necker-Brown, Mahmoud M Mostafa, Arya Milani, Richard Leigh, Robert Newton
Glucocorticoids act via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR; NR3C1) to downregulate inflammatory gene expression and are effective treatments for mild-moderate asthma. However, in severe asthma and virus-induced exacerbations, glucocorticoid therapies are less efficacious, possibly due to reduced repressive ability and/or the increased expression of pro-inflammatory genes. In human A549 epithelial and primary human bronchial epithelial cells (pHBECs), toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 mRNA and protein were supra -additively induced by interleukin-1β (IL1B) plus dexamethasone (IL1B+Dex), interferon-γ (IFNG) plus dexamethasone (IFNG+Dex) and IL1B plus IFNG plus dexamethasone (IL1B+IFNG+Dex)...
October 20, 2023: Molecular Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37846599/tezepelumab-decreases-airway-epithelial-il-33-and-t2-inflammation-in-response-to-viral-stimulation-in-patients-with-asthma
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Sverrild, S Cerps, J J Nieto-Fontarigo, S Ramu, M Hvidtfeldt, M Menzel, J Kearley, J M Griffiths, J R Parnes, C Porsbjerg, L Uller
BACKGROUND: Respiratory virus infections are main triggers of asthma exacerbations. Tezepelumab, an anti-TSLP mAb, reduces exacerbations in patients with asthma, but the effect of blocking TSLP on host epithelial resistance and tolerance to virus infection is not known. AIM: To examine effects of blocking TSLP in patients with asthma on host resistance (IFNβ, IFNλ, and viral load) and on the airway epithelial inflammatory response to viral challenge...
October 17, 2023: Allergy
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