keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516032/you-described-we-archived-a-rich-audio-description-dataset
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charity Pitcher-Cooper, Manali Seth, Benjamin Kao, James M Coughlan, Ilmi Yoon
The You Described, We Archived dataset (YuWA) is a collaboration between San Francisco State University and The Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute. It includes audio description (AD) data collected worldwide 2013-2022 through YouDescribe, an accessibility tool for adding audio descriptions to YouTube videos. YouDescribe, a web-based audio description tool along with an iOS viewing app, has a community of 12,000+ average annual visitors, with approximately 3,000 volunteer describers, and has created over 5,500 audio described YouTube videos...
May 2023: Journal on Technology and Persons with Disabilities
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515653/-we-choose-this-cv-because-we-choose-diversity-what-do-eye-movements-say-about-the-choices-recruiters-make
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sayaka Osanami Törngren, Carolin Schütze, Eva Van Belle, Marcus Nyström
INTRODUCTION: A large body of research has established a consensus that racial discrimination in CV screening occurs and persists. Nevertheless, we still know very little about how recruiters look at the CV and how this is connected to the discriminatory patterns. This article examines the way recruiters view and select CVs and how they reason about their CV selection choices, as a first step in unpacking the patterns of hiring discrimination. Specifically, we explore how race and ethnicity signaled through the CV matter, and how recruiters reason about the choices they make...
2024: Frontiers in sociology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514915/autistic-preschoolers-display-reduced-attention-orientation-for-competition-but-intact-facilitation-from-a-parallel-competitor-eye-tracking-and-behavioral-data
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luodi Yu, Zhiren Wang, Yuebo Fan, Lizhi Ban, Laurent Mottron
Recent research suggests that we might have underestimated the social motivation of autistic individuals. Autistic children might be engaged in a social situation, even if they seem not to be attending to people in a typical way. Our study investigated how young autistic children behave in a "parallel" situation, which we call "parallel competition," where people participate in friendly contests side-by-side but without direct interaction. First, we used eye-tracking technology to observe how much autistic children pay attention to two video scenarios: one depicting parallel competition, and the other where individuals play directly with each other...
March 21, 2024: Autism: the International Journal of Research and Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512834/discovering-why-people-believe-disinformation-about-healthcare
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joey F George
Disinformation-false information intended to cause harm or for profit-is pervasive. While disinformation exists in several domains, one area with great potential for personal harm from disinformation is healthcare. The amount of disinformation about health issues on social media has grown dramatically over the past several years, particularly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study described in this paper sought to determine the characteristics of multimedia social network posts that lead them to believe and potentially act on healthcare disinformation...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511551/ocular-abnormalities-in-whippets-practicing-lure-coursing-in-poland
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Miazga, J Tomkowicz, J Wilczak, A Cywińska
Coursing is a canine sport discipline invented for sighthounds. The dogs chase the mechanically operated lure on an open area at the track that consists of straight lines as well as turns. Thus, the dogs must rely mainly on their sight in order to chase the lure and to compete. Whippets are the most popular sighthound breed in Poland and more and more dogs practice lure coursing on professional level. Several ocular disorders are known or presumed to be inherited in Whippets, so we decided to check how often they occur amongst competing dogs and if they have any impact on the results during competitions...
March 20, 2024: Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510803/deployment-of-attention-to-facial-expressions-varies-as-a-function-of-emotional-quality-but-not-in-alexithymic-individuals
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chiara Surber, Dennis Hoepfel, Vivien Günther, Anette Kersting, Michael Rufer, Thomas Suslow, Charlott Maria Bodenschatz
BACKGROUND: Alexithymia is a risk factor for emotional disorders and is characterized by differences in automatic and controlled emotion processing. The multi-stimulus free-viewing task has been used to detect increased negative and reduced positive attentional biases in depression and anxiety. In the present eye-tracking study, we examined whether lexical emotional priming directs attention toward emotion-congruent facial expressions and whether alexithymia is related to impairments in lexical priming and spontaneous attention deployment during multiple face perception...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510062/novel-muscle-sensing-by-radiomyography-rmg-and-its-application-to-hand-gesture-recognition
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zijing Zhang, Edwin C Kan
Conventional electromyography (EMG) measures the continuous neural activity during muscle contraction, but lacks explicit quantification of the actual contraction. Mechanomyography (MMG) and accelerometers only measure body surface motion, while ultrasound, CT-scan and MRI are restricted to in-clinic snapshots. Here we propose a novel radiomyography (RMG) for continuous muscle actuation sensing that can be wearable or touchless, capturing both superficial and deep muscle groups. We verified RMG experimentally by a wearable forearm sensor for hand gesture recognition (HGR)...
September 2023: IEEE Sensors Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509350/the-role-of-eye-movement-signals-in-non-invasive-brain-computer-interface-typing-system
#28
REVIEW
Xi Liu, Bingliang Hu, Yang Si, Quan Wang
Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) have shown great potential in providing communication and control for individuals with severe motor disabilities. However, traditional BCIs that rely on electroencephalography (EEG) signals suffer from low information transfer rates and high variability across users. Recently, eye movement signals have emerged as a promising alternative due to their high accuracy and robustness. Eye movement signals are the electrical or mechanical signals generated by the movements and behaviors of the eyes, serving to denote the diverse forms of eye movements, such as fixations, smooth pursuit, and other oculomotor activities like blinking...
March 21, 2024: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509269/an-examination-of-the-effects-of-eye-tracking-on-behavior-in-psychology-experiments
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Darrell A Worthy, Joanna N Lahey, Samuel L Priestley, Marco A Palma
Eye-tracking is emerging as a tool for researchers to better understand cognition and behavior. However, it is possible that experiment participants adjust their behavior when they know their eyes are being tracked. This potential change would be considered a type of Hawthorne effect, in which participants alter their behavior in response to being watched and could potentially compromise the outcomes and conclusions of experimental studies that use eye tracking. We examined whether eye-tracking produced Hawthorne effects in six commonly used psychological scales and five behavioral tasks...
March 20, 2024: Behavior Research Methods
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508374/peering-into-the-future-eye-movements-predict-neural-repetition-effects-during-episodic-simulation
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roni Setton, Jordana S Wynn, Daniel L Schacter
Imagining future scenarios involves recombining different elements of past experiences into a coherent event, a process broadly supported by the brain's default network. Prior work suggests that distinct brain regions may contribute to the inclusion of different simulation features. Here we examine how activity in these brain regions relates to the vividness of future simulations. Thirty-four healthy young adults imagined future events involving familiar people and locations in a two-part study involving a repetition suppression paradigm...
March 18, 2024: Neuropsychologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507052/deficits-in-emotion-recognition-and-processing-in-children-with-high-callous-unemotional-traits-the-role-of-the-maoa-gene
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pietro Muratori, Sara Palumbo, Stefano Vellucci, Veronica Mariotti, Lucia Billeci, Valentina Levantini, Emanuela Inguaggiato, Gabriele Masi, Annarita Milone, Silvia Pellegrini
Children with high Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits show deficits in recognizing and processing facial expressions. Alterations in emotion recognition have been linked to a higher synaptic concentration of monoaminergic neurotransmitters. The current study investigated the relationship between the MAOA-Low-activity alleles and the ability to recognize and process facial expressions in 97 male children (8-12 years old) diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorder. Participants completed a computerized emotion-recognition task while an eye-tracking system recorded the number (Fixation Count, FC) and length (Fixation Duration, FD) of fixations to the eye region of the emotional stimuli...
March 20, 2024: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503625/initial-experience-of-using-first-person-wearable-video-recording-technology-during-central-venous-catheter-placement-in-the-cardiac-operating-room
#32
REVIEW
Enrique Vergara-Escudero, Alexander Gherciuc, David Buyck, Aya Eid, Susana Arango, Stephen Richardson, Tjörvi E Perry
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to use wearable video-recording technology to measure precisely the timing of discrete events during perioperative central venous catheter (CVC) placements. DESIGN: A single-center, observational, exploratory study on the use of wearable video-recording technology during intraoperative CVC placement. SETTING: The study was conducted at a University Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Clinical anesthesia residents, cardiothoracic anesthesia fellows, and attending anesthesiologists participated in this study...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502976/visual-attention-patterns-during-a-gaze-following-task-in-neurogenetic-syndromes-associated-with-unique-profiles-of-autistic-traits-fragile-x-and-cornelia-de-lange-syndromes
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katherine Ellis, Sarah White, Malwina Dziwisz, Paridhi Agarwal, Jo Moss
BACKGROUND: Gaze following difficulties are considered an early marker of autism, thought likely to cumulatively impact the development of social cognition, language and social skills. Subtle differences in gaze following abilities may contribute to the diverse range social and communicative autistic characteristics observed across people with genetic syndromes, such as Cornelia de Lange (CdLS) and fragile X (FXS) syndromes. AIMS: To compare profiles of 1) visual attention to the eye region at critical points of the attention direction process, 2) whether children follow the gaze cue to the object, and 3) participant looking time to the target object following the gaze cue between groups and conditions...
February 29, 2024: Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502957/gaze-contingent-processing-improves-mobility-scene-recognition-and-visual-search-in-simulated-head-steered-prosthetic-vision
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaap de Ruyter van Steveninck, Mo Nipshagen, Marcel van Gerven, Umut Güçlü, Yağmur Güçlüturk, Richard van Wezel

The enabling technology of visual prosthetics for the blind is making rapid progress. However, there are still uncertainties regarding the functional outcomes, which can depend on many design choices in the development. In visual prostheses with a head-mounted camera, a particularly challenging question is how to deal with the gaze-locked visual percept associated with spatial updating conflicts in the brain. The current study investigates a recently proposed compensation strategy based on gaze-contingent image processing with eye-tracking...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Neural Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502229/task-irrelevant-decorative-pictures-increase-cognitive-load-during-text-processing-but-have-no-effects-on-learning-or-working-memory-performance-an-eeg-and-eye-tracking-study
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian Scharinger
Decorative pictures (DP) are often used in multimedia task materials and are commonly considered so-called seductive details as they are commonly not task-relevant. Typically, DP result in mixed effects on behavioral performance measures. The current study focused on the effects of DP on the cognitive load during text reading and working memory task performance. The theta and alpha frequency band power of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and pupil dilation served as proxies of cognitive load. The number of fixations, mean fixation durations, and the number of transitions served as proxies of the attentional focus...
March 19, 2024: Psychological Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498091/the-application-of-extended-reality-in-treating-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder
#36
REVIEW
Weijia Zhao, Song Xu, Yanan Zhang, Dandan Li, Chunyan Zhu, Kai Wang
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children, characterized by social interaction, communication difficulties, and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. Existing intervention methods have limitations, such as requiring long treatment periods and needing to be more convenient to implement. Extended Reality (XR) technology offers a virtual environment to enhance children's social, communication, and self-regulation skills. This paper compares XR theoretical models, application examples, and intervention effects...
March 18, 2024: Neuroscience Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494550/the-effects-of-pramipexole-on-motivational-vigour-during-a-saccade-task-a-placebo-controlled-study-in-healthy-adults
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sheena K Au-Yeung, Don Chamith Halahakoon, Alexander Kaltenboeck, Philip Cowen, Michael Browning, Sanjay G Manohar
Motivation allows us to energise actions when we expect reward and is reduced in depression. This effect, termed motivational vigour, has been proposed to rely on central dopamine, with dopaminergic agents showing promise in the treatment of depression. This suggests that dopaminergic agents might act to reduce depression by increasing the effects of reward or by helping energise actions. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether the dopamine agonist pramipexole enhanced motivational vigour during a rewarded saccade task...
March 18, 2024: Psychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494521/deep-learning-for-detection-of-fuchs-endothelial-dystrophy-from-widefield-specular-microscopy-imaging-a-pilot-study
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valencia Hui Xian Foo, Gilbert Y S Lim, Yu-Chi Liu, Hon Shing Ong, Evan Wong, Stacy Chan, Jipson Wong, Jodhbir S Mehta, Daniel S W Ting, Marcus Ang
BACKGROUND: To describe the diagnostic performance of a deep learning (DL) algorithm in detecting Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) based on specular microscopy (SM) and to reliably detect widefield peripheral SM images with an endothelial cell density (ECD) > 1000 cells/mm2 . METHODS: Five hundred and forty-seven subjects had SM imaging performed for the central cornea endothelium. One hundred and seventy-three images had FECD, while 602 images had other diagnoses...
March 18, 2024: Eye and Vision (London, England)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494469/visual-attention-to-food-cues-and-dental-caries-are-they-associated
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanessa Y Cho, Robert P Anthonappa
BACKGROUND: The role of diet has a key role in dental caries. Attention to food cues can be an indicator for food choices. AIM: This study investigates children's visual attention to images with healthy and unhealthy food cues and correlates it with that of their parents and with their dental caries status using eye-tracking technology. DESIGN: A total of 30 children with and without dental caries and their 30 parents were calibrated to the eye-tracking device (Tobii Nano Pro) to ensure standardisation...
March 17, 2024: International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492568/sound-elicits-stereotyped-facial-movements-that-provide-a-sensitive-index-of-hearing-abilities-in-mice
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kameron K Clayton, Kamryn S Stecyk, Anna A Guo, Anna R Chambers, Ke Chen, Kenneth E Hancock, Daniel B Polley
Sound elicits rapid movements of muscles in the face, ears, and eyes that protect the body from injury and trigger brain-wide internal state changes. Here, we performed quantitative facial videography from mice resting atop a piezoelectric force plate and observed that broadband sounds elicited rapid and stereotyped facial twitches. Facial motion energy (FME) adjacent to the whisker array was 30 dB more sensitive than the acoustic startle reflex and offered greater inter-trial and inter-animal reliability than sound-evoked pupil dilations or movement of other facial and body regions...
March 6, 2024: Current Biology: CB
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