Hemodynamic monitoring

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BACKGROUND: Radial artery cardiac catheterization is a common diagnostic and interventional procedure for cardiovascular conditions. Pain and hemorrhage at the access site can cause patient discomfort and complications. This pilot study investigates the potential of local forearm heating to reduce pain and hemorrhage in patients undergoing radial artery cardiac catheterization. METHODS: We enrolled 100 patients scheduled for radial artery cardiac catheterization and randomly assigned them to the heating or control group...

BACKGROUND A paradoxical air embolism (PAE) occurs when air entering the central venous circulation reaches the systemic circulation, occurring through an intracardiac shunt or intrapulmonary shunting. Patients presenting for liver transplantation often have intrapulmonary shunting due to pulmonary arterial vasodilation, even in the absence of hepatopulmonary syndrome. Here, we present a case of hemodynamic collapse believed to be caused by a PAE, which was diagnosed intraoperatively with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)...

INTRODUCTION: Carcinoid tumors are rare neuroendocrine tumors; about 5% of patients develop the carcinoid syndrome. We present the case of a patient with carcinoid syndrome undergoing cardiac surgery. CASE REPORT: A 74-year-old patient with carcinoid heart disease and hepatic metastases underwent double valve replacement and CABG. The patient was on octreotide therapy and antihypertensive medication. An octreotide infusion was commenced perioperatively. Pharmaceutical agents that could potentially precipitate histamine release or exacerbate catecholamine secretion and carcinoid crises were avoided...

OBJECTIVE: The ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM), an instrument that monitors the evolution of a patient's hemodynamic status and determines the type of shock, has become an important tool for assessing cardiac pathology and predicting changes in disease, but there are some variations in the instrumental findings for different physical conditions of patients. This article examines whether there are differences in the quality of USCOM waveforms measured in different types of critically ill patients based on clinical characteristics and test parameters...

The efficacy of extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass in preventing ischemic stroke progression and recurrence is controversial. As per the current hypothesis, EC-IC bypass is most beneficial for patients with persistent hemodynamic insufficiency. Hence, various approaches have been used to evaluate hemodynamic insufficiency, including repeated single photon emission CT (SPECT) imaging or continuous monitoring of cerebral flow with transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). However, both modalities are time- and resource-intensive...

Liver disease accounts for approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide. All chronic liver diseases (CLDs), whether of toxic, genetic, autoimmune, or infectious origin, undergo typical histological changes in the structure of the tissue. These changes may include the accumulation of extracellular matrix material, fats, triglycerides, or tissue scarring. Noninvasive methods for diagnosing CLD, such as conventional B-mode ultrasound (US), play a significant role in diagnosis. Doppler US, when coupled with B-mode US, can be helpful in evaluating the hemodynamics of hepatic vessels and detecting US findings associated with hepatic decompensation...

Focused ultrasound (FUS) stimulation is a promising neuromodulation technique with the merits of non-invasiveness, high spatial resolution, and deep penetration depth. However, simultaneous imaging of FUS-induced brain tissue displacement and the subsequent effect of FUS stimulation on brain hemodynamics has proven challenging thus far. In addition, earlier studies lack in situ confirmation of targeting except for the magnetic resonance imaging-guided FUS system-based studies. The purpose of this study is 1) to introduce a fully ultrasonic approach to in situ target, modulate neuronal activity, and monitor the resultant neuromodulation effect by respectively leveraging displacement imaging, FUS, and functional ultrasound (fUS) imaging, and 2) to investigate FUS-evoked cerebral blood volume (CBV) response and the relationship between CBV and displacement...

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a primary non-invasive imaging modality for tumor segmentation, leveraging its exceptional soft tissue contrast and high resolution. Current segmentation methods typically focus on structural MRI, such as T1 -weighted post-contrast-enhanced or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences. However, these methods overlook the blood perfusion and hemodynamic properties of tumors, readily derived from dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) enhanced MRI...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) has a more severe presentation and rapid progression in pediatric patients, resulting in a greater need for surgical intervention compared to adults. Though medical management of UC has advanced with new biologic therapies, surgery continues to play an important role when disease progresses in the form of worsened or persistent symptoms, hemodynamic instability, or sepsis. The goals of surgical management are to restore intestinal continuity with a functional pouch when possible. While the literature has been growing regarding studies of pediatric patients with UC, high level of evidence studies are limited and most recommendations are based on adult studies...

Although the esophageal stethoscope is used for continuous auscultation during general anesthesia, few studies have investigated phonocardiographic data as a continuous hemodynamic index. In this study, we aimed to induce hemodynamic variations and clarify the relationship between the heart sounds and hemodynamic variables through an experimental animal study. Changes in the cardiac contractility and vascular resistance were induced in anesthetized pigs by administering dobutamine, esmolol, phenylephrine, and nicardipine...

BACKGROUND: This retrospective study investigated the efficacy of endovascular treatment with multilayer flow modulators (MFMs) for treating aortic aneurysms in high-risk patients unsuitable for conventional treatments. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Conducted from 2011 to 2019 at a single center, this retrospective observational study included 17 patients who underwent endovascular treatment with MFMs. These patients were selected based on their unsuitability for traditional surgical or endovascular procedures...

(1) Background : COVID-19 presented many challenges to effective treatments, such as managing cardiovascular insufficiency while mitigating risks to healthcare providers. This study utilized NICaS, a non-invasive hemodynamic monitor that provides advanced data via whole-body impedance analysis. We investigated the associated trends in hemodynamic parameters obtained by the NICaS device and their correlation with in-hospital all-cause mortality during COVID-19 hospitalization in the intensive care unit. (2) Methods: Data from 29 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit and monitored with NICaS between April 2020 and February 2021 were analyzed retrospectively...

Monitoring blood pressure, a parameter closely related to cardiovascular activity, can help predict imminent cardiovascular events. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to customize an existing mechanistic model of the cardiovascular system through feature extraction from cardiopulmonary acoustic signals to estimate blood pressure using artificial intelligence. As various factors, such as drug consumption, can alter the biomechanical properties of the cardiovascular system, the proposed method seeks to personalize the mechanistic model using information extracted from vibroacoustic sensors...

Nonmelanoma skin cancers remain the most widely diagnosed types of cancers globally. Thus, for optimal patient management, it has become imperative that we focus our efforts on the detection and monitoring of cutaneous field carcinogenesis. The concept of field cancerization (or field carcinogenesis), introduced by Slaughter in 1953 in the context of oral cancer, suggests that invasive cancer may emerge from a molecularly and genetically altered field affecting a substantial area of underlying tissue including the skin...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to verify whether any parameter among those used as the target for haemodynamic optimisation (e.g., mean arterial pressure, central venous oxygen saturation, systolic or diastolic dysfunction, CO2 gap, lactates, right ventricular dysfunction, and PvaCO2 /CavO2 ratio) is correlated with mortality in an undifferentiated population with sepsis or septic shock. METHODS: An umbrella review, searching MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Health Technology Assessment Database, and the JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, was performed...

Hypotension induced by general anesthesia is associated with postoperative complications, increased mortality, and morbidity, particularly elderly patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of corrected carotid artery flow time (FTc) for predicting hypotension following anesthesia induction in patients over 65 years old. After faculty ethical committee approval and written informed consent, 138 patients (65 years and older, ASA physical status I-III) who scheduled for elective surgery were included in this study...

BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is a commonly performed gastroenterological procedure in patients associated with anxiety and pain. Various approaches have been used to provide sedation and analgesia during colonoscopy, including patient-controlled analgesia and sedation (PCAS). This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of PCAS administered with propofol and remifentanil for colonoscopy. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was performed in an authorized and approved endoscopy center...

BACKGROUND Bow hunter syndrome is a rare disease that is often overlooked. It presents with complex and variable clinical symptoms and causes, making diagnosis and treatment challenging. This case report focuses on a young patient with bilateral bow hunter syndrome, possibly caused by the loss of cervical physiological curvature. The aim is to enhance understanding and awareness of the disease. It is important to consider the possibility of bow hunter syndrome in young patients with long-term poor neck posture and symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and neck rotation-related symptoms...

Severe acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a major issue in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Standard oxygen therapy is the first-line therapy for ARF in the less severe cases. However, respiratory supports may be delivered in more severe clinical condition. In cases with life-threatening ARF, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) will be required. Noninvasive strategies such as high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) or noninvasive ventilation (NIV) by either face mask or helmet might cover the gap between standard oxygen and IMV...