electroconvulsive therapy and prevalence

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating and prevalent mental disorder with a high disease burden. Despite a wide array of different treatment options, many patients do not respond to initial treatment attempts. Selection of the most appropriate treatment remains a significant clinical challenge in psychiatry, highlighting the need for the development of biomarkers with predictive utility. Recently, the epigenetic modification DNA methylation (DNAm) has emerged to be of great interest as a potential predictor of MDD treatment outcomes...

BACKGROUND: Suicide stands as both a primary symptom and the direst outcome of major depressive disorder (MDD). The scarcity of effective treatment strategies makes managing MDD patients with suicide especially challenging. Hence, it is crucial to investigate disease characteristics and efficacious therapeutic strategies for these patients, drawing insights from disease databases and real-world data. METHODS: In this retrospective study, MDD patients hospitalized between January 2013 and December 2020 were investigated using Electronic Health Records (EHR) data from Beijing Anding Hospital...

Late-life depression is a common pathology. The diagnosis can be difficult to make, due to intricacy of comorbidities, aging and treatments. The presentation is frequently atypical, with a high prevalence of somatic complaints. Depression is, in fact, underdiagnosed in this population and, when it is, poorly managed. This pathology constitutes a real public health problem due to impairment of functioning and quality of life, increase of comorbidities, use of health care and overall mortality, particularly by suicide...

BACKGROUND: Catatonia is a highly prevalent syndrome in patients presenting with major neurocognitive disorders (dementia). In this study, we aim to provide a comprehensive description of the clinical and therapeutic aspects of catatonia in patients with dementia. METHOD: This descriptive study, conducted between September 2015 and June 2022, collected data from 25 patients diagnosed with dementia, out of 143 patients treated for catatonia in our specialized psychiatry department...

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of neuropathic pain (NP) in burn patients is reported in the literature to be as high as 80%1 . Given the complexity of NP in burn patients and the wide range of treatments available, a systematic review of the literature is warranted to summarize our current understanding of management and treatment of NP in this population. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines...

This editorial addresses catatonia, a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome characterised by a spectrum of psychomotor disturbances. The editorial seeks to clarify the ambiguous aspects of catatonia, integrating recent research findings, including global studies and diagnostic advancements. It discusses catatonia's clinical manifestations, prevalence, and associated psychiatric and medical conditions, with particular emphasis on its frequent co-occurrence with schizophrenia and mood disorders. The prevalence of catatonia, which varies across psychiatric populations, is illustrated by a significant study conducted in Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of neuroimaging abnormalities in individuals with Down syndrome regression disorder (DSRD) and evaluate if neuroimaging abnormalities were predictive of therapeutic responses. METHODS: A multicenter, retrospective, case-control study which reviewed neuroimaging studies of individuals with DSRD and compared them to a control cohort of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) alone was performed. Individuals aged 10-30 years and meeting international consensus criteria for DSRD were included...

INTRODUCTION: Benzodiazepines are considered to negatively affect seizure quality and duration during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Several researchers have advocated the use of flumazenil, a competitive benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, for patients treated with benzodiazepines during ECT. However, clinical evidence regarding flumazenil use in ECT remains sparse. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of flumazenil on seizure duration and adverse effects. METHODS: All patients with depressive disorders, treated with flumazenil during a course of ECT in 2019 in a tertiary hospital, were identified through a retrospective chart review...

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant progressive neurodegenerative disease that manifests with a triad of symptoms including motor dysfunctions, cognitive deficits, and prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms, the most common of which is depression, with a prevalence between 30 and 70%. Depressive symptoms occur in all stages of HD, beginning in presymptomatic HD gene carriers, and are strongly associated with suicidal ideation and suicidality, but their relationship with other clinical dimensions in HD is controversial and the underlying pathophysiology is poorly understood...

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are an emerging class of medications transforming the management of diabetes mellitus and obesity, two highly prevalent and chronic medical conditions associated with significant morbidity and posing serious public health concerns. Although generally well tolerated and relatively safe to use, case reports of patients taking these medications while undergoing elective procedures with general anesthesia describe a potential heightened risk of regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents, deriving from the delayed gastric emptying effect of these agents...

Depression is a highly prevalent and disabling psychiatric disorder. The hippocampus, which plays a central role in mood regulation and memory, has received considerable attention in depression research. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective treatment for severe pharmacotherapy-resistant depression. Although the working mechanism of ECT remains unclear, recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have consistently reported increased hippocampal volumes following ECT. The clinical implications of these volumetric increases and the specific cellular and molecular significance are not yet fully understood...

BACKGROUND: Depression is a prevalent mental disorder affecting more than 300 million people of all ages globally. Despite being the first-line treatment for depression, antidepressant medications are only effective for 60% - 70% of patients. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe cases, although it can result in short-term side effects. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of remifentanil, dexmedetomidine, and metoral as premedications for ECT in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD)...

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder and bipolar depression in adolescents and young adults are prevalent and major contributors to the global burden of disease, whereas effective interventions are limited. Available evidence is insufficient to assess effectiveness and tolerability of electroconvulsive therapy in depressed adolescents and young adults. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted in patients with major depressive disorder or bipolar depression who underwent electroconvulsive therapy from 2001 to 2021 in 12 centers in the Netherlands...

Fibromyalgia, a common and enduring pain disorder, ranks as the second most prevalent rheumatic disease after osteoarthritis. Recent years have witnessed successful treatment using non-invasive brain stimulation. Transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, and electroconvulsion therapy have shown promise in treating chronic pain. This article reviews the literature concerning non-invasive stimulation for fibromyalgia treatment, its mechanisms, and establishes a scientific basis for rehabilitation, and discusses the future directions for research and development prospects of these techniques are discussed...

Depression with an average prevalence of 25-40% is a serious condition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that can impact quality of life and survival of patients and caregiver burden, yet the underlying neurobiology is poorly understood. Preexisting depression has been associated with a higher risk of developing ALS, while people with ALS have a significantly higher risk of developing depression that can cause multiple complications. Depression may be a prodromal or subclinical symptom prior to motor involvement, although its relations with disease progression and impairment of quality of life are under discussion...

According to the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, the treatment rate (hospitalization + outpatient) for mood disorders (including bipolar disorder) has doubled over the past quarter-century, from 48 per 100,000 population in 1996 to 94 in 2020. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has also contributed to an increase in the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms across OECD member countries. In Japan, the prevalence rate was 7.9% in 2013, but it has risen to 17.3% in 2020. While the main treatments for depression have traditionally included pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and electroconvulsive therapy, there has been a growing body of evidence over the past decade suggesting that improvements in daily lifestyle habits such as sleep, diet, and exercise can contribute to prevention or symptom alleviation...

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is common and associated with multiple serious public health implications. A consensus definition of TRD with demonstrated predictive utility in terms of clinical decision-making and health outcomes does not currently exist. Instead, a plethora of definitions have been proposed, which vary significantly in their conceptual framework. The absence of a consensus definition hampers precise estimates of the prevalence of TRD, and also belies efforts to identify risk factors, prevention opportunities, and effective interventions...

INTRODUCTION: The effects of body mass index (BMI) on the core symptoms of bipolar disorder (BD) and its implications for disease trajectory are largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether BMI impacted hospitalization rate, medical and psychiatric comorbidities, and core symptom domains such as depression and suicidality in BD. METHODS: Participants (15 years and older) were 2790 BD outpatients enrolled in the longitudinal STEP-BD study; all met DSM-IV criteria for BD-I, BD-II, cyclothymia, BD NOS, or schizoaffective disorder, bipolar subtype...

Depression with an estimated prevalence of 35% is a frequent manifestation of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), having negative effects on cognitive performance and life expectancy, yet the underlying neurobiology is poorly understood and most likely heterogeneous. Depressive symptoms in DLB can occur during the clinical course and, together with apathy, is a common prodromal neuropsychiatric symptom of this neurocognitive disorder in the group of Lewy body synucleinopathies. There are no essential differences in the frequency of depression in DLB and Parkinson disease-dementia (PDD), while its severity is up to twice as high as in Alzheimer disease (AD)...

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a very prevalent mental disorder that imposes an enormous burden on individuals, society, and health care systems. Most patients benefit from commonly used treatment methods such as pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). However, the clinical decision on which treatment method to use remains generally informed and the individual clinical response is difficult to predict. Most likely, a combination of neural variability and heterogeneity in MDD still impedes a full understanding of the disorder, as well as influences treatment success in many cases...