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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavuluri Sai Swetha, Kavita Gupta, Swarnatrisha Saha, Sandip K Panda, Bijayini Behera
INTRODUCTION: Infections in haemodialysis (HD) patients are an important cause of morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality. Patients undergoing HD are more prone to develop bacterial infections by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed to detect MDROs colonization in HD patients and its associated risk factors and outcome. METHODOLOGY: A total of 62 nasal swabs and 124 rectal swabs were collected from 62 patients coming to the haemodialysis unit from of March to May 2021 and were further screened for MRSA, VRE and CRE...
February 2024: Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
#2
REVIEW
Improving the Diagnosis and Treatment of Paediatric Bronchiectasis Through Research and Translation.
Anne B Chang, Shyamali C Dharmage, Julie M Marchant, Gabrielle B McCallum, Peter S Morris, Andre Schultz, Maree Toombs, Danielle F Wurzel, Stephanie T Yerkovich, Keith Grimwood
Bronchiectasis, particularly in children, is an increasingly recognised yet neglected chronic lung disorder affecting individuals in both low-to-middle and high-income countries. It has a high disease burden and there is substantial inequity within and between settings. Furthermore, compared with other chronic lung diseases, considerably fewer resources are available for children with bronchiectasis. The need to prevent bronchiectasis and to reduce its burden also synchronously aligns with its high prevalence and economic costs to health services and society...
March 10, 2024: Archivos de Bronconeumología
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Federica D'Amico, Matteo Rinaldi, Renato Pascale, Marco Fabbrini, Maria Cristina Morelli, Antonio Siniscalchi, Cristiana Laici, Simona Coladonato, Matteo Ravaioli, Matteo Cescon, Simone Ambretti, Pierluigi Viale, Patrizia Brigidi, Silvia Turroni, Maddalena Giannella
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate gut microbiome (GM) dynamics in relation to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) colonization, CRE infection, and non-CRE infection development within 2 months after liver transplant (LT). METHODS: A single-center, prospective study was performed in patients undergoing LT from November 2018 to January 2020. The GM was profiled through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of a rectal swab taken on the day of transplantation, and fecal samples were collected weekly until 1 month after LT...
April 2024: JHEP reports: innovation in hepatology
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wasan Katip, Ajaree Rayanakorn, Peninnah Oberdorfer, Puntapong Taruangsri, Teerapong Nampuan, Siriporn Okonogi
BACKGROUND: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections pose a significant threat to global health due to limited treatment options and high mortality rates. Colistin-based regimens have emerged as a primary treatment approach, but the effectiveness and mortality outcomes of colistin monotherapy versus colistin-fosfomycin combination therapy remain uncertain. This study aims to compare the effectiveness and mortality of colistin monotherapy and colistin-fosfomycin combination therapy for CRE infections...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Infection and Public Health
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Zhuang, Jinli Shi, Jian Liu, Xiangfeng He, Nan Chen
INTRODUCTION: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is characterised by decreased muscle mass, diminished muscle strength and/or reduced physical performance and a high percentage of body fat (PBF). Conventional-load resistance exercise (CRE) may be difficult for older people with SO owing to their declining physical functions. Low-load resistance exercise (LRE) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR; LRE-BFR) is a viable alternative to CRE for improving muscle mass and strength and potential exercise mode for managing SO...
December 19, 2023: BMC Geriatrics
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Helen Fordham, Heath Greville, Monica Moran, Dane Waters, Sandra C Thompson
OBJECTIVE: To illuminate the enablers and challenges of implementing a communication strategy designed to support Community, Respect, Equality (CRE) and a family and domestic violence (FDV) primary prevention plan in a regional Western Australian town. METHOD: This research draws on documentation and interviews with members of Leading Lights, an advocacy group arising from a collaboration of local organisations to communicate the goals and priorities of the CRE action plan...
October 4, 2023: Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irene Gracia-Ahufinger, Laura López-González, Francisco José Vasallo, Alicia Galar, María Siller, Cristina Pitart, Iván Bloise, Miriam Torrecillas, Desirée Gijón-Cordero, Belén Viñado, Javier Castillo-García, Rainer Campo, Xavier Mulet, Ana Madueño-Alonso, Francisco Javier Chamizo-López, Maitane Arrastia-Erviti, Fátima Galán-Sánchez, Melisa Fernández-Quejo, Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz, María Nieves Gutiérrez-Zufiaurre, Manuel Angel Rodríguez-Maresca, María Del Pilar Ortega-Lafont, Genoveva Yagüe-Guirao, Lucía Chaves-Blanco, Javier Colomina-Rodríguez, María Reyes Vidal-Acuña, María Eugenia Portillo, Francisco Franco-Álvarez de Luna, María José Centelles-Serrano, José Manuel Azcona-Gutiérrez, Alberto Delgado-Iribarren García Campero, Sonia Rey-Cao, Patricia Muñoz, Jorge Calvo-Montes, Yuliya Zboromyrska, David Grandioso, Jordi Càmara, Rafael Cantón, Nieves Larrosa-Escartín, Jazmín Díaz-Regañón, Luis Martínez-Martínez
INTRODUCTION: Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa , including isolates producing acquired carbapenemases, constitute a prevalent health problem worldwide. The primary objective of this study was to determine the distribution of the different carbapenemases among carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE, specifically Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Enterobacter cloacae complex, and Klebsiella aerogenes ) and carbapenemase-producing P...
2023: Frontiers in Microbiology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mona Loeffler, Katarina Klepac, Angela Baljuls, Bradford Hamilton, Svenja Mayer-Wrangowski, Peter Haebel, Tina Zimmermann
OBJECTIVE: Obesity is a major global health problem which can be targeted with new mechanistic diverse pharmacological interventions. Here we evaluate a new long-acting secretin receptor agonist as a potential treatment for obesity. METHODS: BI-3434 was designed as a secretin analog with stabilized peptide backbone and attached fatty acid-based half-life extension group. The peptide was evaluated in vitro for its ability to stimulate cAMP accumulation in a cell line stably expressing recombinant secretin receptor...
June 28, 2023: Molecular Metabolism
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara R Jacobs, LaShawn Glasgow, Peter Amico, Kimberly D Farris, Gia Rutledge, Bryce D Smith
Diabetes is a significant population health threat. Evidence-based interventions, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Diabetes Prevention Program and diabetes self-management education and support programs, can help prevent, delay, or manage the disease. However, participation is suboptimal, especially among populations who are at an increased risk of developing diabetes. Evaluations of programs reaching populations who are medically underserved or people with lower incomes can help elucidate how best to tailor evidence-based interventions, but it is also important for evaluations to account for cultural and contextual factors...
March 22, 2023: Prevention Science: the Official Journal of the Society for Prevention Research
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Loren B Weidenhammer, Harrison Q Liu, Lixia Luo, Nerissa T Williams, Katherine Deland, David G Kirsch, Zachary J Reitman
Genetically engineered mice are commonly used to model brainstem gliomas in pre-clinical research. One technique for inducing primary tumors in these genetically engineered mice involves delivering viral vectors containing the code for gene-editing proteins. We present a protocol for generating primary brainstem gliomas using the RCAS-TVA retroviral delivery system and the Cre/loxP gene editing system. We describe steps for transfecting and harvesting chicken fibroblast cells, intracranially injecting cells into mice, imaging primary tumors, and treating primary tumors with focal, image-guided brain irradiation...
February 13, 2023: STAR protocols
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aysen Orman, Yalcin Celik, Guliz Evik, Gulden Ersöz, Necdet Kuyucu, Berfin Ozgokce Ozmen
Serial perirectal swabs are used to identify colonization of multidrug-resistant bacteria and prevent spread. The purpose of this study was to determine colonization with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). An additional purpose was to establish whether sepsis and epidemic associated with these factors were present in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), to which infants with hospital stays exceeding 48 h in an external healthcare center NICU were admitted...
January 19, 2023: Children
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas Rebold, Abdalhamid M Lagnf, Sara Alosaimy, Dana J Holger, Paige Witucki, Andrew Mannino, Michelle Dierker, Kristen Lucas, Ashlan J Kunz Coyne, Amer El Ghali, Kaylee E Caniff, Michael P Veve, Michael J Rybak
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) categorized carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infections as an "urgent" health care threat requiring public attention and research. Certain patients with CRE infections may be at higher risk for poor clinical outcomes than others. Evidence on risk or protective factors for CRE infections are warranted in order to determine the most at-risk populations, especially with newer beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor (BL/BLI) antibiotics available to treat CRE...
February 14, 2023: Microbiology Spectrum
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dee Shortridge, Valerie Kantro, Mariana Castanheira
Carbapenems are a common first-line therapy for serious Gram-negative infections, but carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) isolates have become an urgent health concern. Klebsiella pneumoniae serine carbapenemases (KPCs) now have been disseminated worldwide and are endemic in many hospitals globally. Isolates producing metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) or class D OXA-48 carbapenemases are also increasingly common in Europe, although they are less common in the United States. Meropenem-vaborbactam is a combination of the carbapenem meropenem and vaborbactam, which is a β-lactamase inhibitor with activity against serine carbapenemases, including KPC-producing isolates...
February 14, 2023: Microbiology Spectrum
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yumeng Shi, Shucong Chen, Mengqi Yan, Zhipeng Cheng, Leicheng Zhao, Yarui Liu, Bo Zhang, Hongkai Zhu, Tao Zhang, Kurunthachalam Kannan
Nitrogenous flame retardants (NFRs) have aroused worldwide public concern as their nephrotoxic effect. However, knowledge regarding the pathogenesis mechanism of their exposure to induce kidney injury remains largely unknown. In this study, eight NFRs, four oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs), and one kidney injury biomarker, namely neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), were measured in urine specimens collected from residents living around e-waste disassembly and reference areas, representing two exposure scenarios...
January 3, 2023: Chemosphere
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caroline Sarpy, Heidi Shukralla, Heath Greville, Sandra C Thompson
In response to the high burden of family and domestic violence (FDV), The Australian National Plan to End Violence Against Women and Children has established that primary prevention measures are necessary to reduce FDV's harmful impacts on health. The Community, Respect, and Equality (CRE) project is a primary prevention initiative aimed towards changing harmful social norms and practices that enable FDV in Geraldton, Western Australia. Organizations affiliated with the CRE are required to promote gender equality and a respectful work environment...
December 13, 2022: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinhuai Liu, Robert Porteous, Allan E Herbison
The amino acid transmitter GABA is suspected to play an important role in regulating the activity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons controlling fertility. Rodent GnRH neurons have a novel dendritic compartment termed the "distal dendron" through which action potentials pass to the axon terminals and where inputs from the kisspeptin pulse generator drive pulsatile GnRH secretion. Combining Gnrh1-Cre mice with the Cre-dependent calcium sensor GCaMP6 and confocal imaging of acute brain slices, we examined whether GABA regulated intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]) in the GnRH neuron distal dendron...
December 2, 2022: Endocrinology
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Frances Clare Cunningham, Boyd Alexander Potts, Shanthi Ann Ramanathan, Jodie Bailie, Roxanne Gwendalyn Bainbridge, Andrew Searles, Alison Frances Laycock, Ross Stewart Bailie
BACKGROUND: From 2014 to 2019, the Centre for Research Excellence in Integrated Quality Improvement (CRE-IQI) was evaluated as an innovation platform focusing on continuous quality improvement in Indigenous Australian primary healthcare. Although social network analysis (SNA) is a recognized method for evaluating the functioning, collaboration and effectiveness of innovation platforms, applied research is limited. This study applies SNA to evaluate the CRE-IQI's functioning as an innovation platform...
October 31, 2022: Health Research Policy and Systems
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gerald Jarnig, Reinhold Kerbl, Mireille N M van Poppel
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic not only impacted the health of school children directly through SARS-CoV-2 infections, but the associated closures of schools and sports facilities also resulted in long-term negative side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of COVID-19-related mitigation measures on the health and fitness status of primary school children in Austria. A total of 303 primary school children participated in the longitudinal study. Data on height, weight, and fitness were collected before the COVID-19 pandemic (September 2019) and at one-year intervals (September 2020 and September 2021) during the course of the pandemic...
May 19, 2022: Sports
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guorui Deng, Kenji Saito, Uday Singh, Yue Deng, Jacob Dickey, Jingwei Jiang, Huxing Cui
Obesity, a metabolic disorder characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat, continues to be a major economic and health burden to the global populace, as it is the most significant risk factor for heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension. Genome-wide association studies have identified several genes involved in obesity development, including ADCY3, a gene encoding for the enzyme adenylyl cyclase 3 (AC3). AC3 is a critical mediator of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway and is enriched in the primary cilium, a solitary immotile organelle protruding from most mammalian cells, including neurons...
May 2022: FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nomaxabiso M Mooi, Busisiwe P Ncama
BACKGROUND: Despite the long-term consequences of malnutrition in hospitalised patients, nutritional practice guidelines for adults, particularly in the recovery phase are rarely implemented in community based primary health care settings. AIM: This study aimed at assessing the current practice to establish preparedness for effective implementation of the 2016 South African Enteral Nutrition Practice Guidelines for Adults. SETTING: This study was conducted in a district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, a community health centre, two primary health care (PHC) clinics and one household...
January 31, 2022: African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
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