Bear paws

The COVID-19 pandemic provoked a global health crisis and highlighted the need for new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we explore the potential of the molecular consortia of cannabidiol (CBD) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as novel antiviral dual-target agents against SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. CBD is a natural compound with a wide range of therapeutic activities, including antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, while NSAIDs are commonly used to mitigate the symptoms of viral infections...

The results of the MURANO trial showed encouraging progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (RR-CLL) patients treated with venetoclax-rituximab (VEN-R). A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of VEN-R within the Polish Adult Leukemia Study Group (PALG) centers. The study group included 117 patients with RR-CLL (with early relapse after immunochemotherapy or bearing TP53 aberrations) treated with VEN-R in 2019-2023 outside clinical trials...

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive joint disease and a major cause of chronic pain in adults. The prevalence of OA is higher in female patients, who tend to have worse OA outcomes, partially due to pain. The association between joint pain and OA pathology is often inconclusive. Preclinical research studies have largely overlooked sex as a potential determinant in joint pain during OA. This study aimed to investigate the role of sex in joint pain in the collagenase-induced OA (CiOA) model and its link with joint pathology...

Pain is one of the most frequent non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Neuropathic pain is highly prevalent in PD and negatively affects the quality of life of patients with PD. However, there is currently no evidence-based treatment for its control. Safinamide, a monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitor with a sodium channel inhibitory effect, showed improvement in PD-related pain in several clinical trials. However, it is unclear for which of the various types of pain in PD safinamide is effective. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of safinamide on neuropathic pain in a rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI)...

Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis, is characterized by pain and cartilage damage; it usually exhibits gradual development. However, the pathogenesis of OA remains unclear. This study was undertaken to improve the understanding and treatment of OA. OA was induced in 7-week-old Wistar rats by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA); subsequently, the rats underwent oral administration of Bifidobacterium longum BORI (B. BORI). The effects of B. BORI were examined in chondrocytes and an MIA-induced OA rat model...

The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and the underlying mechanism of Veronica incana in osteoarthritis (OA) induced by intraarticular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). The selected major four compounds (A-D) of V. incana were found from fractions 3 and 4. Its structure elucidation was determined by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) data analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data comparison with literature. MIA (50  μ L with 80 mg/mL) for the animal experiment was injected into the right knee joint...

Neuropathic pain associated with cancers is caused by tumor growth compressing and damaging nerves, which would also be enhanced by inflammatory factors through sensitizing nociceptor neurons. One troublesome hallmark symptom of neuropathic pain is hypersensitivity to innocuous stimuli, a condition known as "tactile allodynia" which is often refractory to NSAIDs and opioids. The involvement of chemokine CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) in cancer-evoked neuropathic pain is well established, but opinions remain divided as to whether CCL2 is involved in the production of tactile allodynia with tumor growth...

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to compare pre- and postoperative resting as well as postprocedural resting and exertional right ventricular speckle-tracking echocardiographic parameters at a mid-term follow-up after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. METHODS: Patients with implanted third-generation LVADs with hydrodynamic bearings were prospectively enrolled (NCT05063006). Myocardial deformation was evaluated before pump implantation and at least three months after the procedure, both at rest and during exercise...

Metallic materials for long-term load-bearing implants still do not provide high antimicrobial activity while maintaining strong compatibility with bone cells. This study aimed to modify the surface of Ti13Nb13Zr alloy by electrophoretic deposition of a chitosan coating with a covalently attached Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide. The suspensions for coating deposition were prepared in two different ways either using hydroxyacetic acid or a carbon dioxide saturation process. The coatings were deposited using a voltage of 10 V for 1 min...

Renewable energy sources are a growing branch of industry. One such source is wind farms, which have significantly increased their number over recent years. Alongside the increased number of turbines, maintenance problems are growing. There is a need for newer and less intrusive predictive maintenance methods. About 40% of all turbine failures are due to bearing failure. This paper presents a modified neural direct classifier method using raw accelerometer measurements as input. This proprietary platform allows for better damage prediction results than convolutional networks in vibration spectrum image analysis...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative pain and inflammation are significant complications following surgery. Strategies that aim to prevent excessive inflammation without hampering natural wound-healing are required for the management of postoperative pain and inflammation. However, the knowledge of the mechanisms and target pathways involved in these processes is lacking. Recent studies have revealed that autophagy in macrophages sequesters pro-inflammatory mediators, and it is therefore being recognized as a crucial process involved in regulating inflammation...

AIM OF THE STUDY: In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of vitamin D (VITD) in OA Wistar rats induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection combined with medial meniscectomy (ACLT + MMx). In ACLT + MMx-induced OA rats, pain severity, cartilage destruction, inflammatory cytokines, and MMPs were all measured. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ACLT + MMx methods were used to induce OA, and pain behavioral studies such as the weight bearing test and paw withdrawal test were performed while the knee width and body weights were also measured...

In this study, 1 H -pyrazole-3-carboxylic acids related to the cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor antagonist rimonabant were amidated with valine or tert -leucine, and the resulting acids were further diversified as methyl esters, amides, and N -methyl amides. In vitro receptor binding and functional assays demonstrated a wide series of activities related to the CB1 receptors (CB1Rs). Compound 34 showed a high CB1R binding affinity ( K i = 6.9 nM) and agonist activity (EC50 = 46 nM; E max = 135%). Radioligand binding and [35 S]GTPγS binding assays also demonstrated its selectivity and specificity to CB1Rs...

Although preclinical studies generally report robust antinociceptive effects of cannabinoids in rodent persistent pain models, randomized controlled trials in chronic pain patients report limited pain relief from cannabis/cannabinoids. Differences between animal and human studies that may contribute to these discrepant findings include route of cannabis/cannabinoid administration, type of cannabis/cannabinoid, and how pain is measured. To address these factors, rats with complete Freund adjuvant (CFA)-induced hind paw inflammation were exposed acutely or repeatedly to vaporized cannabis extract that was either tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBD)dominant...

Gekkotans are one of the major clades of squamate reptiles. As one of the earliest-diverging lineages, they are crucial in studying deep-level squamate phylogeny and evolution. Developmental studies can shed light on the origin of many important morphological characters, yet our knowledge of cranial development in gekkotans is very incomplete. Here, we describe the embryonic development of the skull in a parthenogenetic gekkonid, the mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus lugubris), studied using non-acidic double staining and histological sectioning...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterised by cartilage degeneration and chondrocyte inflammation. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the Siraitia grosvenorii residual extract (SGRE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro and its anti-osteoarthritic effects in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rat model. SGRE dose-dependently decreased nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, SGRE reduced the pro-inflammatory mediator (cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)) and pro-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-(IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α)) levels...

INTRODUCTION: Recent research has focused on the local control of articular inflammation through neuronal stimulation to avoid the systemic side effects of conventional pharmacological therapies. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been proven to be useful for inflammation suppressing and pain reduction in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients, yet its mechanism remains unclear. METHODS: In the present study, the KOA model was established using the intra-articular injection of sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA) (1 mg/50 μL) into the knee cavity...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify pain-related behavior and pathological characteristics of the knee joint in rats with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Knee joint inflammation was induced by intra-articular injection of MIA (4 mg/50 µL, n = 14) in 6-week-old male rats. Knee joint diameter, weight-bearing percentage on the hind limb during walking, the knee bending score, and paw withdrawal to mechanical stimuli were measured to evaluate edema and pain-related behavior for 28 d after MIA injection...

Bone is the primary metastasis site for lethal prostate cancer, often resulting in poor prognosis, crippling pain, and diminished functioning that drastically reduce both quality of life and survivability Uniquely, prostate cancer bone metastasis induces aberrant bone overgrowth, due to an increase of osteoblasts induced by tumor-secreted bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). Conjugating drugs to substances that target the tumor-induced bone area within the metastatic tumor foci would be a promising strategy for drug delivery...

The article presents research results related to assessing the possibilities of applying modern filtration methods to diagnosing measurement signals. The Fourier transformation does not always provide full information about the signal. It is, therefore, appropriate to complement the methodology with a modern multiscale method: the wavelet transformation. A hybrid combination of two algorithms results in revealing additional signal components, which are invisible in the spectrum in the case of using only the harmonic analysis...