Low carbohydrate diet

Pelleted total mixed ration (P-TMR) feeding, which has become a common practice in providing nutrition for fattening sheep, requires careful consideration of the balance between forage neutral detergent fiber (FNDF) and rumen degradable starch (RDS) to maintain proper rumen functions. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the dietary FNDF/RDS ratio (FRR) on chewing activity, ruminal fermentation, ruminal microbes and nutrient digestibility in Hu sheep fed a P-TMR diet. This study utilized eight ruminally cannulated male Hu sheep, following a 4 × 4 Latin square design with 31days each period...

INTRODUCTION: Lifestyle factors, including inadequate eating patterns, emerge as a critical determinant of chronic disease. Apart from caring for patients, nurses should also take an active role in monitoring and managing their own health. Understanding the intricate relationship between nurses' eating behavior and managing their own health is crucial for fostering a holistic approach to healthcare, therefore our study aimed to evaluate eating behavior and demographic factors influencing chronic disease prevalence in a sample of community nurses from Romania...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. Ketogenic diet (KD), a diet with very low intake in carbohydrates, gained popularity as a weight-loss approach. However, in mice models, it has been reported that an excess exposition of dietary fat induces hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis. However, data published is inconsistent. Herein, we investigated in a mouse model, the metabolic effects of KD and its contribution to the pathogenesis of NALFD...

COVID-19 infection and its consequences (long-term COVID-19 syndrome) have implications for weight loss, body composition, and diet quality. In the context of the "PostCovSwim" project, which is part of a broader international study, the impact of an eight-week swimming program on post-COVID-19 patients' nutritional status (i.e., body composition and dietary intake) was evaluated. Body composition and dietary intake were assessed by medically approved and calibrated bioelectrical impedance (Tanita 780 S MA) and food frequency questionnaires...

AIM: To evaluate how effective a low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) is for changing key physical measurements such as weight, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and fat mass (FM) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who were obese or overweight. METHODS: Several online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science (WOS), were searched systematically to find relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up until June 2023...

OBJECTIVE: Obesity and metabolic complications, such as type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century. The major role of high sugar and carbohydrate consumption rather than caloric intake in obesity and NAFLD pathophysiology remains a subject of debate. A low-carbohydrate but high-fat diet (LCHFD) has shown promising results in obesity management, but its effects in preventing NAFLD need to be detailed...

Nutrition is considered a key part of the management of pancreatitis in dogs and cats. While limited prospective research exists, experimental studies, retrospective studies, and anecdote allow for formulation of nutritional guidelines. Historically, fat has been considered the key nutrient of interest in pancreatitis; however, other nutrients and dietary factors, including energy density, digestibility, protein, carbohydrates, and fiber, are all of importance in these patients. Indeed protein particle size may be of greater significance than dietary fat in the management of pancreatitis in cats...

INTRODUCTION: Dietary nutrient content is crucial for energy metabolism and development of gut microbiota. Herein, this study aimed to explore the effects of fat-to-fiber ratios on nutrient transporter, energy metabolism and gut microbiota when ingredients composition was altered. METHODS: A total of 240 as-hatched broiler chickens were randomly assigned into three groups including low fat-high dietary fiber (LF-HD), medium fat-medium dietary fiber (MF-MD) and high fat-low dietary fiber (HF-LD), with diets being iso-protein, and broilers were offered the same commercial diets from 21 to 42 d...

The quality of a mother's diet is important to ensure child growth and development and keep women healthy. This systematic review aimed to identify the outcomes of a carbohydrate-restricted diet during lactation. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS were searched for studies published between 2012 and 2023; 16 studies were selected, all of them case reports or care series. The carbohydrate restriction described in the papers mainly was ketogenic, low-carb, low-carbohydrate and high-fat, and modified ketogenic diets...

The influence of a stress factor, widespread in modern conditions, on the vitamin status has not been studied enough. At the same time, the negative stress impact can be aggravated against the background of unhealthy nutrition, which in turn affects the vitamin status of the organism. In this regard, the goal of the research was to evaluate the effect of chronic restrict stress on the vitamin supply in rats fed a diet with adequate and increased content of fat, sugar and cholesterol. Material and methods . The experiment was carried out on 37 growing male Wistar rats (initial body weight of 45±5 g) divided into 4 groups...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To assess the association between dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) versus body composition and anthropometric variables. METHODS AND RESULTS: Body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), anthropometry, and habitual food intake were cross-sectionally evaluated in women with excess body weight and body fat. Mean dAGEs content was estimated using a database containing the Nԑ -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) content of 549 foods, which was adjusted by mean energy intake, and categorized into low, medium, and high dAGEs, by the 10th and 50th percentiles of the sample...

Bacteroides spp. are prominent members of the human gut microbiota that play critical roles in the metabolism of complex carbohydrates from the daily diet. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a multifunctional polysaccharide which has been extensively used in the food and biomedical industry. However, how HA is degraded and fermented by Bacteroides spp. has not been fully characterized. Here, we comprehensively investigated the detailed degradation profiles and fermentation characteristics of four different HAs with discrete molecular weight (Mw) by fourteen distinctive Bacteroides spp...

Pectins are dietary fibers that are attributed with several beneficial immunomodulatory effects. Depending on the degree of esterification (DE), pectins can be classified as high methoxyl pectin (HMP) or low methoxyl pectin (LMP). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pectin methyl-esterification on intestinal microbiota and its immunomodulatory properties in naive mice. Supplementation of the diet with LMP or HMP induced changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in mice toward Bacteroides, which was mainly promoted by HMP...

OBJECTIVE: Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an inflammatory disease, and research suggests that a low-carbohydrate diet may have potential anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to utilize Dixon-T2-weighted imaging (WI) sequence for semi-quantitative assessment of the impact of a low-carbohydrate diet on the degree of thyroid inflammation in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. METHODS: Forty patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis were recruited for this study and randomly divided into two groups: one with a normal diet and the other with a low-carbohydrate diet...

Oligosaccharides are low-molecular-weight carbohydrates between monosaccharides and polysaccharides. They can be extracted directly from natural products by physicochemical methods or obtained by chemical synthesis or enzymatic reaction. Oligosaccharides have important physicochemical and physiological properties. Their research and production involve many disciplines such as medicine, chemical industry, and biology. Functional oligosaccharides, as an excellent functional food base, can be used as dietary fibrer and prebiotics to enrich the diet; improve the microecology of the gut; exert antitumour, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and lipid-lowering properties...

A plant-based diet rich in whole foods and fiber is beneficial for cardiovascular (CV) health. This impact is often linked to specific food groups and their preparation methods, reflecting the overall dietary pattern. However, research on the long-term effects of a carefully designed plant-based diet on adults transitioning from a typical Western lifestyle is limited. Notably, studies on people managing CV risk factors effectively are scarce. As part of a cross-sectional study, we examined 151 individuals committed to a long-term, well-designed plant-based diet and active lifestyle...

Limited data are reported on the association between low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score, a comprehensive measure of dietary pattern according to sources of carbohydrate, fat and protein, and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated this score with HCC risk in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a prospective cohort of 63,275 middle-aged and elderly Chinese living in Singapore and recruited during 1993-1998 period. LCD scores were derived from the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline...

Obesity is defined as an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that increases the burden of different chronic diseases in the population. It has reached epidemic proportions and is a major risk factor for a variety of diseases, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, atherosclerosis, and some malignancies. Weight gain is a result of excessive energy intake compared to energy expenditure (energy loss from metabolism and physical exercise). A ketogenic diet has a more useful effect on obesity than other diets...

BACKGROUND: Many studies have examined the relationship between nutrition and dental caries. However further studies are needed regarding nutritional factors that can have a strong impact on the incidence of early childhood caries (ECC). Nutrition is one factor that determines caries occurrence. Exposure to carbohydrates in the oral cavity causes carbohydrate fermentation, which produces acids. This acidic substance erodes the enamel surface of teeth, leading to ECC. This systematic review and meta -analysis of cohort studies assessed the aspects of nutrition and diet that contribute to the incidence of ECC in children...

BACKGROUND: Glucose is a main source of energy for tumor cells. Thus, a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) is thought to make a significant contribution to cancer prevention. In addition, LCD and HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 4 (HECTD4) gene may be related to insulin resistance. OBJECTIVES: We explored whether LCD score and HECTD4 rs11066280 are etiological factors for colorectal cancer (CRC) and whether LCD score interacts with HECTD4 rs11066280 to modify CRC risk...