keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535259/bone-marrow-derived-mesenchymal-stem-cell-laden-nanocomposite-scaffolds-enhance-bone-regeneration-in-rabbit-critical-size-segmental-bone-defect-model
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elangovan Kalaiselvan, Swapan Kumar Maiti, Shivaraju Shivaramu, Shajahan Amitha Banu, Khan Sharun, Divya Mohan, Sangeetha Palakkara, Sadhan Bag, Monalisa Sahoo, Suresh Ramalingam, Jürgen Hescheler
Bone regeneration poses a significant challenge in the field of tissue engineering, prompting ongoing research to explore innovative strategies for effective bone healing. The integration of stem cells and nanomaterial scaffolds has emerged as a promising approach, offering the potential to enhance regenerative outcomes. This study focuses on the application of a stem cell-laden nanomaterial scaffold designed for bone regeneration in rabbits. The in vivo study was conducted on thirty-six healthy skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits that were randomly allocated into six groups...
March 10, 2024: Journal of Functional Biomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535153/data-fusion-of-rgb-and-depth-data-with-image-enhancement
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lennard Wunsch, Christian Görner Tenorio, Katharina Anding, Andrei Golomoz, Gunther Notni
Since 3D sensors became popular, imaged depth data are easier to obtain in the consumer sector. In applications such as defect localization on industrial objects or mass/volume estimation, precise depth data is important and, thus, benefits from the usage of multiple information sources. However, a combination of RGB images and depth images can not only improve our understanding of objects, capacitating one to gain more information about objects but also enhance data quality. Combining different camera systems using data fusion can enable higher quality data since disadvantages can be compensated...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534871/a-novel-artificial-electric-field-algorithm-for-solving-global-optimization-and-real-world-engineering-problems
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdelazim G Hussien, Adrian Pop, Sumit Kumar, Fatma A Hashim, Gang Hu
The Artificial Electric Field Algorithm (AEFA) stands out as a physics-inspired metaheuristic, drawing inspiration from Coulomb's law and electrostatic force; however, while AEFA has demonstrated efficacy, it can face challenges such as convergence issues and suboptimal solutions, especially in high-dimensional problems. To overcome these challenges, this paper introduces a modified version of AEFA, named mAEFA, which leverages the capabilities of Lévy flights, simulated annealing, and the Adaptive s -best Mutation and Natural Survivor Method (NSM) mechanisms...
March 19, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534590/microscopic-and-macroscopic-characterization-of-hydrogels-based-on-poly-vinyl-alcohol-glutaraldehyde-mixtures-for-fricke-gel-dosimetry
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Silvia Locarno, Paolo Arosio, Francesca Curtoni, Marco Piazzoni, Emanuele Pignoli, Salvatore Gallo
In recent decades, hydrogels have emerged as innovative soft materials with widespread applications in the medical and biomedical fields, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and gel dosimetry. In this work, a comprehensive study of the macroscopic and microscopic properties of hydrogel matrices based on Poly(vinyl-alcohol) (PVA) chemically crosslinked with Glutaraldehyde (GTA) was reported. Five different kinds of PVAs differing in molecular weight and degree of hydrolysis were considered. The local microscopic organization of the hydrogels was studied through the use of the 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry technique...
February 28, 2024: Gels
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534237/plasmonic-fluorescence-sensors-in-diagnosis-of-infectious-diseases
#5
REVIEW
Juiena Hasan, Sangho Bok
The increasing demand for rapid, cost-effective, and reliable diagnostic tools in personalized and point-of-care medicine is driving scientists to enhance existing technology platforms and develop new methods for detecting and measuring clinically significant biomarkers. Humanity is confronted with growing risks from emerging and recurring infectious diseases, including the influenza virus, dengue virus (DENV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola virus, tuberculosis, cholera, and, most notably, SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19), among others...
March 2, 2024: Biosensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533404/glutathione-the-master-antioxidant-in-the-regulation-of-resistant-and-susceptible-host-plant-virus-interaction
#6
REVIEW
Edmund Kozieł, Katarzyna Otulak-Kozieł, Piotr Rusin
The interaction between plant hosts and plant viruses is a very unique and complex process, relying on dynamically modulated intercellular redox states and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Plants strive to precisely control this state during biotic stress, as optimal redox levels enable proper induction of defense mechanisms against plant viruses. One of the crucial elements of ROS regulation and redox state is the production of metabolites, such as glutathione, or the activation of glutathione-associated enzymes...
2024: Frontiers in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532963/diarrhea-case-surveillance-in-the-enterics-for-global-health-shigella-surveillance-study-epidemiologic-methods
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah E Atlas, Bakary Conteh, Md Taufiqul Islam, Khuzwayo C Jere, Richard Omore, Doh Sanogo, Francesca Schiaffino, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Naveed Ahmed, Alex O Awuor, Henry Badji, Jennifer Cornick, Erika Feutz, Sean R Galagan, Fadima C Haidara, Bri'Anna Horne, Md Ismail Hossen, Aneeta Hotwani, Eric R Houpt, Abdoulie F Jallow, Mehrab Karim, Adama Mamby Keita, Youssouf Keita, Farhana Khanam, Jie Liu, Thandizo Malemia, Alhagie Manneh, Christine J McGrath, Dilruba Nasrin, Maureen Ndalama, John Benjamin Ochieng, Billy Ogwel, Maribel Paredes Olortegui, Loyda Fiorella Zegarra Paredes, Tackeshy Pinedo Vasquez, James A Platts-Mills, Syed Qudrat-E-Khuda, Sonia Qureshi, Md Nazmul Hasan Rajib, Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade, Shazia Sultana, Sharon M Tennant, Kirkby D Tickell, Desiree Witte, Pablo Peñataro Yori, Nigel A Cunliffe, M Jahangir Hossain, Margaret N Kosek, Karen L Kotloff, Firdausi Qadri, Farah Naz Qamar, Milagritos D Tapia, Patricia B Pavlinac
BACKGROUND: Shigella is a leading cause of acute watery diarrhea, dysentery, and diarrhea-attributed linear growth faltering, a precursor to stunting and lifelong morbidity. Several promising Shigella vaccines are in development and field efficacy trials will require a consortium of potential vaccine trial sites with up-to-date Shigella diarrhea incidence data. METHODS: The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study will employ facility-based enrollment of diarrhea cases aged 6-35 months with 3 months of follow-up to establish incidence rates and document clinical, anthropometric, and financial consequences of Shigella diarrhea at 7 country sites (Mali, Kenya, The Gambia, Malawi, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Peru)...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531983/surface-potential-adjusted-surface-states-in-3d-topological-photonic-crystals
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haedong Park, Sang Soon Oh, Seungwoo Lee
Surface potential in a topological matter could unprecedentedly localize the waves. However, this surface potential is yet to be exploited in topological photonic systems. Here, we demonstrate that photonic surface states can be induced and controlled by the surface potential in a dielectric double gyroid (DG) photonic crystal. The basis translation in a unit cell enables tuning of the surface potential, which in turn regulates the degree of wave localization. The gradual modulation of DG photonic crystals enables the generation of a pseudomagnetic field...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531822/tracking-flight-activity-of-potato-leafhopper-hemiptera-cicadellidae-with-the-midwest-suction-trap-network
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Doris M Lagos-Kutz, Robert E Clark, Nicholas Seiter, Steven J Clough, Glen L Hartman, Michael S Crossley
Potato leafhopper (PLH), Empoasca fabae Harris (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is an economic pest of a variety of crops that migrates between overwintering sites in the southern United States and northern breeding grounds. Since 2005, the Midwest Suction Trap Network (STN) has monitored the magnitude and timing of aerially dispersing aphids' activity, but the potential of the network to monitor other taxa is only beginning to be explored. Here, we use the Midwest STN to examine how the magnitude and timing of PLH activity vary with weather, cropland cover, and time of year...
March 26, 2024: Environmental Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528392/nanotechnology-in-development-of-next-generation-of-stent-and-related-medical-devices-current-and-future-aspects
#10
REVIEW
Paromita Islam, Sabrina Schaly, Ahmed Kh Abosalha, Jacqueline Boyajian, Rahul Thareja, Waqar Ahmad, Dominique Shum-Tim, Satya Prakash
Coronary stents have saved millions of lives in the last three decades by treating atherosclerosis especially, by preventing plaque protrusion and subsequent aneurysms. They attenuate the vascular SMC proliferation and promote reconstruction of the endothelial bed to ensure superior revascularization. With the evolution of modern stent types, nanotechnology has become an integral part of stent technology. Nanocoating and nanosurface fabrication on metallic and polymeric stents have improved their drug loading capacity as well as other mechanical, physico-chemical, and biological properties...
2024: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527041/neoadjuvant-chemo-immunotherapy-is-improved-with-a-novel-pulsed-electric-field-technology-in-an-immune-cold-murine-model
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chiara Pastori, Ebtesam H O Nafie, Mukta S Wagh, Stephen J Hunt, Robert E Neal
Chemo-immunotherapy uses combined systemic therapies for resectable and unresectable tumors. This approach is gaining clinical momentum, but survival increases leave considerable room for improvement. A novel form of Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) ablation combines focal tissue destruction with immune activation in preclinical settings. The PEFs induce lethal cell damage without requiring thermal processes, leaving cellular proteins intact. This affords PEF a favorable safety profile, improved antigenicity, and significant immunostimulatory damage-associated molecular pattern release compared to other focal therapies...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526084/recording-and-analyzing-multimodal-large-scale-neuronal-ensemble-dynamics-on-cmos-integrated-high-density-microelectrode-array
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brett Addison Emery, Shahrukh Khanzada, Xin Hu, Diana Klütsch, Hayder Amin
Large-scale neuronal networks and their complex distributed microcircuits are essential to generate perception, cognition, and behavior that emerge from patterns of spatiotemporal neuronal activity. These dynamic patterns emerging from functional groups of interconnected neuronal ensembles facilitate precise computations for processing and coding multiscale neural information, thereby driving higher brain functions. To probe the computational principles of neural dynamics underlying this complexity and investigate the multiscale impact of biological processes in health and disease, large-scale simultaneous recordings have become instrumental...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526075/intrathecal-injection-of-newborn-mouse-for-genome-editing-and-drug-delivery
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaona Lu, Yong-Hui Jiang
Intrathecal injection is a commonly employed procedure in both pediatric and adult clinics, serving as an effective means to administer medications and treatments. By directly delivering medications and treatments into the cerebrospinal fluid of the central nervous system, this method achieves higher localized drug concentrations while reducing systemic side-effects compared to other routes such as intravenous, subcutaneous, or intramuscular injections. Its importance extends beyond clinical settings, as intrathecal injection plays a vital role in preclinical studies focused on treating neurogenetic disorders in rodents and other large animals, including non-human primates...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525481/legal-needs-arising-in-mental-health-settings-and-staff-capability-and-support-to-respond
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suzie Forell, Sarah O'Connor
INTRODUCTION: Legal issues are known to affect and be affected by mental health. But to what extent do legal issues surface in mental health settings and what do staff feel they need to support clients experiencing these issues? These questions were explored by a national mental health service interested in the potential for health justice partnership with local community based legal services. METHODS: A survey of 999 frontline staff of a national mental health organisation...
2024: International Journal of Integrated Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525028/within-and-between-population-comparisons-suggest-independently-acting-selection-maintaining-parallel-clines-in-scots-pine-pinus-sylvestris
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sonja T Kujala, Komlan Avia, Timo A Kumpula, Hanni Kärkkäinen, Juha Heikkinen, Katri Kärkkäinen, Outi Savolainen
Parallel clines in traits related to adaptation in a species can be due to independent selection on a pair of traits, or due to selection in one trait resulting in a parallel cline in a correlated trait. To distinguish between the mechanisms giving rise to parallel adaptive population divergence of multiple traits along an environmental gradient we need to study variation, correlations, and selective forces within individual populations along the gradient. In many tree species, budset timing (BST) forms a latitudinal cline, and parallel clinal variation is also found in other seedling traits, such as first-year height (FYH) and fall frost injury (FFI)...
April 2024: Evolution Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524764/-methylomonadaceae-was-the-active-and-dominant-methanotroph-in-tibet-lake-sediments
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yongcui Deng, Chulin Liang, Xiaomeng Zhu, Xinshu Zhu, Lei Chen, Hongan Pan, Fan Xun, Ye Tao, Peng Xing
Methane (CH4 ), an important greenhouse gas, significantly impacts the local and global climate. Our study focused on the composition and activity of methanotrophs residing in the lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, a hotspot for climate change research. Based on the field survey, the family Methylomonadaceae had a much higher relative abundance in freshwater lakes than in brackish and saline lakes, accounting for ~92% of total aerobic methanotrophs. Using the microcosm sediment incubation with 13 CH4 followed by high throughput sequencing and metagenomic analysis, we further demonstrated that the family Methylomonadaceae was actively oxidizing CH4 ...
January 2024: ISME Commun
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523824/management-of-an-undetectable-diverticular-bleed-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#17
Zubir S Rentiya, Lokeshwar Raaju Addi Palle, Sanni Emmanuel, Heeya Shah, Abiodun Adegbite, Carlo Kristian Chu Carredo, Ronald Mauricio Blanco Montecino, Ummul Z Asfeen, Akbar Hussain, Ogbonnaya Akuma, Aadil Mahmood Khan, Anasonye Emmanuel Kelechi
Diverticular bleeding is the most common cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding and accounts for 20.8%-41.6% of cases in the Western world. Management involves initial resuscitation followed by diagnostic assessment. Colonoscopy is the investigation of choice as it localizes the bleed and has the potential to effectively deliver therapeutic interventions. Other diagnostic modalities include flexible sigmoidoscopy, a tagged red blood cell scan, or angiography. In cases where the bleeding source cannot be identified, intraoperative enteroscopy has emerged as a valuable tool for investigating obscure gastroenterology bleeds in specific patients...
March 2024: Clinical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522279/two-stage-channels-can-enhance-local-biodiversity-in-agricultural-landscapes
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kaisa-Leena Huttunen, Krister Karttunen, Mikko Tolkkinen, Pasi Valkama, Kaisa Västilä, Jukka Aroviita
Field drainage causes habitat loss, alters natural flow regimes, and impairs water quality. Still, drainage ditches often are last remnants of aquatic and wetland habitats in agricultural landscapes and as such, can be important for local biodiversity. Two-stage channels are considered as a greener choice for conventional ditches, as they are constructed to mimic the structure of natural lowland streams providing a channel for drainage water and mechanisms to decrease diffuse loading. Two-stage channels could also benefit local biodiversity and ecosystem functions, but existing information on their ecological benefits is scarce and incomplete...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Environmental Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521015/ctf-former-a-novel-simplified-multi-task-learning-strategy-for-simultaneous-multivariate-chaotic-time-series-prediction
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ke Fu, He Li, Xiaotian Shi
Multivariate chaotic time series prediction is a challenging task, especially when multiple variables are predicted simultaneously. For multiple related prediction tasks typically require multiple models, however, multiple models are difficult to keep synchronization, making immediate communication between predicted values challenging. Although multi-task learning can be applied to this problem, the principles of allocation and layout options between shared and specific representations are ambiguous. To address this issue, a novel simplified multi-task learning method was proposed for the precise implementation of simultaneous multiple chaotic time series prediction tasks...
March 14, 2024: Neural Networks: the Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519091/fabrication-of-microelectrodes-suction-electrodes-and-focal-electrodes-for-electrophysiological-recording-in-drosophila
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bing Zhang, Bryan Stewart
Electrophysiological recording is a group of techniques used to record electrical field potentials generated by cells. These techniques rely on several types of electrodes, which can be manufactured in the laboratory. In intracellular recording, glass microelectrodes are used to pierce the cell membrane, and then to measure the electrical potential difference between the inside and the outside of the cell. Another technique, called loose patch or focal recording, is similar to intracellular recording but the electrode tip does not pierce into the cell membrane...
March 22, 2024: Cold Spring Harbor Protocols
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