keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547232/exploring-odontocete-depredation-rates-in-a-pelagic-longline-fishery
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eric Gilman, Milani Chaloupka, Aude Pacini, Eric Kingma
Several odontocete species depredate catch and bait from fishing gear, resulting in their bycatch and causing substantial economic costs. There are no known mitigation methods for odontocete depredation in pelagic longline fisheries that are effective, do not harm odontocetes and are commercially viable. Understanding odontocetes' depredation strategies can contribute to mitigating this human-wildlife conflict. Using observer data from the Hawaii-based tuna longline fishery, this study summarized teleost and elasmobranch species-specific mean posterior odontocete depredation rates using a simple Bayesian binomial likelihood estimator with a Bayes-Laplace prior...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546396/differences-in-semicircular-canal-function-in-the-video-head-impulse-test-in-patients-in-the-chronic-stage-of-sudden-sensorineural-hearing-loss-with-vertigo-and-vestibular-neuritis
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natsuko Nakamichi, Tomoyuki Shiozaki, Masaharu Sakagami, Tadashi Kitahara
BACKGROUND: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss with vertigo (SHLV) and vestibular neuritis (VN) can result in prolonged dizziness. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the video head impulse test (vHIT) of patients with SHLV and VN. METHODS: Fifteen patients with SHLV and 21 patients with VN who visited the Vertigo/Dizziness Center of our hospital between December 2016 and February 2023 were included. vHIT was performed at the time of admission, and the VOR gain and catch up saccade (CUS) in the three types of semicircular canals (SCCs) were analyzed...
March 28, 2024: Acta Oto-laryngologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545206/the-jellied-or-mushy-condition-of-fish-in-the-north-atlantic-and-north-pacific-fisheries-characteristics-causes-and-consequences
#3
REVIEW
Natacha Leininger Severin, Kurt Buchmann
The North Atlantic and North Pacific commercial fisheries report problematic occurrences of 'jellied' or 'mushy' fish. These fish exhibit an abnormally soft and jelly-like musculature that attains a mushy consistency when cooked. The condition affects several economically important species, and is commonly termed 'jellied condition' or, specifically for halibut, 'mushy halibut syndrome'. The inferior quality of 'jellied' or 'mushy' products reduces the market value considerably, leading to wastage and losses in the fisheries...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545195/influence-of-malocclusion-and-orthodontic-treatment-in-the-masticatory-efficiency-of-patients-with-craniofacial-disorders
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christina Weismann, Maria Schmidt, Josephine Effert, Gregor Slavicek, Florian Slavicek, Matthias C Schulz, Christian F Poets, Bernd Koos, Maite Aretxabaleta
This study evaluates masticatory efficiency in orthodontic patients with craniofacial disorders compared to controls without, considering the effect of an orthodontic appliance and malocclusion. A total of 119 participants (7-21 years), divided into a craniofacial disorder and control group (n = 42 and n = 77; mean age 13.5 ± 5.2 and 14.2 ± 3.3 years) were included. Masticatory efficiency was evaluated using a standard food model test, where masticated test food bodies were analyzed, and parameters like particle number (n) and area (mm2 ) were recorded...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544191/detection-of-a-submillimeter-notch-type-defect-at-multiple-orientations-by-a-lamb-wave-a-0-mode-at-550-khz-for-long-range-structural-health-monitoring-applications
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lorenzo Capineri, Lorenzo Taddei, Eugenio Marino Merlo
The early detection of small cracks in large metal structures is a crucial requirement for the implementation of a structural health monitoring (SHM) system with a low transducers density. This work tackles the challenging problem of the early detection of submillimeter notch-type defects with a semielliptical shape and a groove at a constant width of 100 µm and 3 mm depth in a 4.1 mm thick aluminum plate. This defect is investigated with an ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) A0 mode at 550 kHz to investigate the long range in thick metal plates...
March 17, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543919/analyzing-subnational-immunization-coverage-to-catch-up-and-reach-the-unreached-in-seven-high-priority-countries-in-the-eastern-mediterranean-region-2019-2021
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kamal Fahmy, Quamrul Hasan, Md Sharifuzzaman, Yvan Hutin
Yearly national immunization coverage reporting does not measure performance at the subnational level throughout the year and conceals inequalities within countries. We analyzed subnational immunization coverage from seven high-priority countries in our region. We analyzed subnational, monthly immunization data from seven high-priority countries. Five were Gavi eligible (i.e., Afghanistan, Pakistan, Somalia, Syria, and Yemen); these are countries that according to their low income are eligible for support from the Global Alliance on Vaccine and Immunization, while Iraq and Jordan were included because of a recent decrease in immunization coverage and contribution to the regional number of under and unimmunized children...
March 8, 2024: Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543666/characterizing-the-role-of-aosfga-and-aoflug-in-mycelial-and-conidial-development-in-arthrobotrys-oligospora-and-their-role-in-secondary-metabolism
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qianqian Liu, Na Bai, Shipeng Duan, Yanmei Shen, Lirong Zhu, Jinkui Yang
Arthrobotrys oligospora , a widespread nematode-trapping fungus which can produce conidia for asexual reproduction and form trapping devices (traps) to catch nematodes. However, little is known about the sporulation mechanism of A. oligospora . This research characterized the functions and regulatory roles of the upstream spore-producing regulatory genes, AosfgA and AofluG , in A. oligospora . Our analysis showed that AosfgA and AofluG interacted with each other. Meanwhile, the AofluG gene was downregulated in the Δ AosfgA mutant strain, indicating that AosfgA positively regulates AofluG ...
March 19, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542606/3d-printed-devices-for-the-separation-of-blood-plasma-from-capillary-samples
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giulia Deiana, Stewart Smith
Sample preparation is a critical requirement for many clinical tests and diagnostic procedures, but it is difficult to perform on a lab-on-a-chip platform. The analytical side of microfluidic technologies has been gradually catching up with laboratory methods in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and reliability. There is a growing need for the development of sample preparation modules that can either be connected or embedded into such devices and extract blood plasma in a fast, safe, and automated way. Achieving this functionality is an important step towards creating commercially viable products that can one day become part of everyday life...
February 29, 2024: Micromachines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537557/pre-and-post-operative-semicircular-canal-function-evaluated-by-video-head-impulse-test-in-patients-with-vestibular-schwannoma
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keishi Fujiwara, Shinya Morita, Hiroaki Motegi, Shigeru Yamaguchi, Yukitomo Ishi, Kimiko Hoshino, Atsushi Fukuda, Makoto Kobayashi, Yuji Nakamaru, Miki Fujimura, Akihiro Homma
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate pre- and post-operative semicircular canal function in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS) by the video Head Impulse Test (vHIT). METHODS: Nineteen patients with VS who underwent surgery were enrolled in this study. The gain in vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and the degree of scatter in catch-up saccades were examined pre- and post-operatively for the semicircular canals in VS patients. RESULTS: Ten of 19 cases (52...
March 26, 2024: Auris, Nasus, Larynx
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536876/toward-trustworthy-covid-19-interventions-building-vaccine-trust-through-community-university-partnerships
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura A Bray, Lori L Jervis, Amanda E Janitz, Laura Ross, Gloria Tallbull, Timothy M VanWagoner
Prior research identifies trust as critical to increase vaccine acceptance and uptake. However, few intervention studies have sought to develop or test strategies for bolstering vaccine-related trust. To address this gap, this exploratory study identifies features of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy interventions that can promote or undermine trust across three interconnected domains: institutional, interpersonal, and product (the vaccine itself). We draw on focus groups (N = 27 participants) with community and university partners involved with hosting COVID-19 testing and vaccine events in underserved Oklahoma communities...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535746/is-it-possible-to-improve-motor-competence-through-a-structured-balance-bike-program-in-preschool-children-aged-3-to-6-years
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rubén Navarro-Patón, Fabián Canosa-Pasantes, Marcos Mecías-Calvo, Víctor Arufe-Giráldez
This study aimed (1) to investigate the effect of a brief 9-week bike program on preschool motor competence levels and (2) to know the effects of the intervention program on gender. A total of 98 schoolchildren (3.86 ± 0.91 years) from La Coruña (Spain) participated. A pre-post-test quasi-experimental design was used with a control group (CG) made up of 39 students (18 boys) and an experimental group (EG) made up of 59 students (29 boys). Data were gathered using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2)...
March 15, 2024: Sports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535601/an-entomological-investigation-during-a-recent-rift-valley-fever-epizootic-epidemic-reveals-new-aspects-of-the-vectorial-transmission-of-the-virus-in-madagascar
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luciano Michaël Tantely, Soa Fy Andriamandimby, Maminirina Fidelis Ambinintsoa, Manou Rominah Raharinirina, Jean Théophile Rafisandratantsoa, Jean-Pierre Ravalohery, Aina Harimanana, Nirina Nantenaina Ranoelison, Judickaelle Irinantenaina, Miamina Fidy Ankasitrahana, Dany Bakoly Ranoaritiana, Laurence Randrianasolo, Rindra Vatosoa Randremanana, Vincent Lacoste, Philippe Dussart, Romain Girod
A Rift Valley fever (RVF) outbreak occurred in at least five regions of Madagascar in 2021. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the richness, abundance, ecology, and trophic preferences of mosquitoes in the Mananjary district and to investigate the distribution of mosquitoes that were RT-PCR-positive for RVFV. Three localities were prospected from 26 April to 4 May 2021, using light traps, BG-Sentinel traps baited with an artificial human odor, Muirhead-Thomson pit traps, and indoor pyrethroid spray catches...
March 16, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534417/ccl28-a-promising-biomarker-for-assessing-salivary-gland-functionality-and-maintaining-healthy-oral-environments
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuichiro Kaibori, Saho Tamoto, Sayoko Okuda, Kazuhiko Matsuo, Takashi Nakayama, Daisuke Nagakubo
The oral cavity serves as the primary path through which substances from the outside world enter our body. Therefore, it functions as a critical component of host defense. Saliva is essential for maintaining a stable oral environment by catching harmful agents, including pathogens, allergens, and chemicals, in the air or food. CCL28, highly expressed in mucosal tissues, such as the colon and salivary glands, is a chemokine that attracts CCR10/CCR3 expressing cells. However, the role of CCL28 in salivary gland formation remains unclear...
February 27, 2024: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533838/compatibility-of-termination-mechanisms-in-bacterial-transcription-with-inference-on-eukaryotic-models
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eunho Song, Sun Han, Sungchul Hohng, Changwon Kang
Transcription termination has evolved to proceed through diverse mechanisms. For several classes of terminators, multiple models have been debatably proposed. Recent single-molecule studies on bacterial terminators have resolved several long-standing controversies. First, termination mode or outcome is twofold rather than single. RNA is released alone before DNA or together with DNA from RNA polymerase (RNAP), i.e. with RNA release for termination, RNAP retains on or dissociates off DNA, respectively. The concomitant release, described in textbooks, results in one-step decomposition of transcription complexes, and this 'decomposing termination' prevails at ρ factor-dependent terminators...
March 27, 2024: Biochemical Society Transactions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532867/osteochondritis-dissecans-of-the-hip-in-legg-calv%C3%A3-perthes-disease-case-report-and-review
#15
Luiz Renato Agrizzi de Angeli, Bárbara Lívia Corrêa Serafim, Felippi Guizardi Cordeiro, Felipe Spinelli Bessa, Daniel Augusto Carvalho Maranho
INTRODUCTION: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is the idiopathic osteonecrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis in children. It is a self-healing condition, and the morphology of the hip may vary according to the severity of the disease, among several other factors. The treatment focuses on attempts to prevent femoral head collapse, obtain functional hip motion recovery, and reduce pain. Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) of the femoral head has been reported in 2% to 7% of patients diagnosed with healed LCPD...
2024: Acta Ortopedica Brasileira
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531727/cost-effectiveness-and-public-health-impact-of-typhoid-conjugate-vaccine-introduction-strategies-in-bangladesh
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher Weyant, Yogesh Hooda, Sira Jam Munira, Nathan C Lo, Theresa Ryckman, Arif M Tanmoy, Naito Kanon, Jessica C Seidman, Denise Garrett, Samir K Saha, Jeremy D Goldhaber-Fiebert, Senjuti Saha, Jason R Andrews
PURPOSE: Typhoid fever causes substantial morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh. The government of Bangladesh plans to introduce typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV) in its expanded program on immunization (EPI) schedule. However, the optimal introduction strategy in addition to the costs and benefits of such a program are unclear. METHODS: We extended an existing mathematical model of typhoid transmission to integrate cost data, clinical incidence data, and recently conducted serosurveys in urban, semi-urban, and rural areas...
March 25, 2024: Vaccine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531516/allele-frequency-of-muscular-genetic-disorders-in-bull-catching-vaquejada-quarter-horses
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L M S Sperandio, G R Lago, L G Albertino, C E T Araújo, C Ferreira, A S Borges, J P Oliveira-Filho
Quarter horses (QH), a prominent athletic breed in Brazil, are affected by muscular genetic disorders such as myosin-heavy chain myopathy (MYHM), polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM1), hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyPP), and malignant hyperthermia (MH). Bull-catching (vaquejada), primarily involving QH, is a significant equestrian sport in Brazil. Since the allele frequencies (AF) of MYHM, PSSM1, HyPP, and MH in vaquejada QH remain unknown, this study evaluated the AF in 129 QH vaquejada athletes, specifically from the Brazilian Northeast...
March 24, 2024: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531424/from-land-to-ocean-one-month-for-southern-elephant-seal-pups-to-acquire-aquatic-skills-prior-to-their-first-departure-to-sea
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erwan Piot, Lea Hippauf, Laura Charlanne, Baptiste Picard, Jérôme Badaut, Caroline Gilbert, Christophe Guinet
Weaned southern elephant seals (SES) quickly transition from terrestrial to aquatic life after a 5- to 6-week post-weaning period. At sea, juveniles and adult elephant seals present extreme, continuous diving behaviour. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of the post-weaning period for weanlings to prepare for the physiological challenges of their future sea life. However, very little is known about how their body condition during this period may influence the development of their behaviour and brain activities...
March 24, 2024: Physiology & Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528999/financial-burden-as-a-potential-barrier-to-vaccine-completion-in-post-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplant-patients-in-japan
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taku Ogawa, Nobuyasu Hirai, Hiroyuki Fujikura, Natsuko Imakita, Kei Kasahara
Introduction The administration of routine vaccinations to patients following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is highly recommended. However, studies examining reasons for not completing vaccination in post-HSCT patients are lacking. Method We reviewed the medical records of patients who sought vaccination following HSCT from January 2012 to December 2018 at the Center for Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University. Results Information regarding patients' backgrounds, administered vaccines, and reasons for not administering recommended vaccines was collected for the study...
March 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527366/catching-lightning-in-a-bottle-the-sti-and-hiv-2023-world-congress-participatory-designathon
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ronnie M Gravett, Rayner K J Tan, Weiming Tang, Steph Niapauri, Barbara Van Der Pol, Joseph D Tucker
The International Society for STD Research (ISSTDR) STI/HIV 2023 World Congress convened a participatory designathon to engage attendees in a problem-solving crowdsourcing event with the mission to design innovative solutions for improving sexually transmitted infection (STI) control. Designathons are three-phase crowdsourcing events consisting of a pre-planning phase, an active and intensive collaborative phase, and denouement phase for implementation and dissemination. Given escalating STI concerns, the Congress organisers recognised the opportunity to harness the collective expertise of the attendees by actively engaging them to generate innovative solutions for STI control by hosting a designathon during the scientific meeting...
March 26, 2024: Sexual Health
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