Distraction adhd

We investigated the viability of spectral filters as an adjunctive treatment for adults with both ADHD and visual processing difficulties. Fifty-nine adults (age 18-50), diagnosed with both ADHD and visual stress received either spectral filters ( n = 39) or no intervention ( n = 20) to address visual processing difficulties. We administered the MOXO d-CPT, a computer based continuous performance test, before the intervention and one hour after the intervention to assess any short-term change in the participants' attention profile...

In the past two decades, the traditional nosology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been criticized for having insufficient discriminant validity. In line with current trends, in the present study, we combined a data-driven approach with the advantages of virtual reality aiming to identify novel behavioral profiles of ADHD based on ecological and performance-based measures of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. One hundred and ten Spanish-speaking participants (6-16 years) with ADHD (medication-naïve, n = 57) and typically developing participants (n = 53) completed AULA, a continuous performance test embedded in virtual reality...

The present study examined the impact of individual differences, attention, and memory deficits on distracted driving. Drivers with ADHD are more susceptible to distraction which results in more frequent collisions, violations, and license suspensions. Consequently, the present investigation had thirty-six participants complete preliminary questionnaires, memory tasks, workload indices, and four, 4-minute simulated driving scenarios to evaluate such impact. It was hypothesized ADHD diagnosis, type of cellular distraction, and traffic density would each differentially and substantively impact driving performance...

In the assessment of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, the diagnostic value of neuropsychological testing is limited. Partly, this is due to the rather low ecological validity of traditional neuropsychological tests, which usually present abstract stimuli on a computer screen. A potential remedy for this shortcoming might be the use of virtual reality (VR), which enables a more realistic and complex, yet still standardized test environment. The present study investigates a new VR-based multimodal assessment tool for adult ADHD, the virtual seminar room (VSR)...

Background A common psychiatric problem called attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by impulsivity with resultant behavior issues and a very short attention span. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the management of dental procedures in children with and without ADHD employing various behavior modification techniques. Materials and methods The study consisted of 121 children divided into two groups with 60 children diagnosed with ADHD and 60 children without ADHD between 7 and 15 years of age...

Introduction Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral disorder in children and is described as a disease involving loss of self-control. The core symptoms of ADHD are inattentiveness, impulsivity, and motor unrest. Furthermore, poor concentration, distraction, hyperactivity, and poor academic achievement at school or at home are other symptoms. ADHD, like other prevalent medical disorders such as asthma and schizophrenia, may be impacted by several genes and has multiple contributing causes that are not all related to each other...

Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children, but medical diagnosis is usually delayed. Hence, it is important to increase the efficiency of early diagnosis. Previous studies used behavioral and neuronal data during GO/NOGO task to help detect ADHD and the accuracy differed considerably from 53% to 92%, depending on the employed methods and the number of electroencephalogram (EEG) channels. It remains unclear whether data from a few EEG channels can still lead to a good accuracy of detecting ADHD...

The diagnostic criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) reflect the behavioural and functional outcomes of cognitive processes. Historically they have been based on external observations and lack specificity: clinical cohorts of children meeting diagnostic criteria show that around 40% may also meet diagnostic criteria for oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). We have proposed a clinical model to explain this: the Mental Effort Reward Imbalances model of ADHD (MERIM). This model views the lower levels of task completion that underlie several of the diagnostic criteria for ADHD as being due to a summation of deficits in executive functioning and reward processing...

Children with ADHD experience difficulties with motor and cognitive control. However, the relationships between these symptoms are poorly understood. As a step toward improving treatment, this study investigated associations between specific aspects of motor control and cognitive control in children with varying levels of hyperactive-impulsive symptoms. A heterogeneous sample of 255 children of 4 to 10 years of age (median = 6.50, MAD = 1.36) completed a battery of tests probing motor generation, visuomotor fluency, visuomotor flexibility, cognitive inhibition, verbal and visuospatial working memory, and cognitive flexibility...

Children and adolescents with attentional-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) present deficits in working memory (WM), but accounts for this phenomenon are still lacking. In this study, we used two variations of a complex-span task to test whether a specific WM mechanism, attentional refreshing, causes these deficits. Attentional refreshing is a maintenance strategy based on the sequential switch of attention between maintaining and processing information in WM. Its use is evidenced by a decrease in recall performance proportional to the distraction of attention away from the memoranda...

Cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS), previously termed sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT), is characterized by excessive daydreaming, mental confusion, and slowed behavior or thinking. Prior research has found inconsistent relations between CDS and neurocognition, though most studies have used small or ADHD-defined samples, non-optimal measures of CDS, and/or examined limited neurocognitive domains. Accordingly, this study examined the association of parent- and teacher-reported CDS symptoms using a comprehensive neurocognitive battery in a sample of 263 children (aged 8-12) selected with a range of CDS symptomatology...

Beyond the frequent coexistence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disorder (dyslexia), the present review aims to examine the available empirical evidence on how ADHD negatively impacts on learning to read. Existing data suggest that the presence of the disorder (especially inattention symptoms), may affect i) the correct acquisition of reading, either directly or through its influence on the precursors to reading; ii) decoding skills themselves (reading accuracy and fluency), both directly and indirectly through its influence on cognitive processes such as distractibility or executive functions; and iii) reading comprehension, probably indirectly through the executive and verbal memory difficulties characteristic of ADHD...

OBJECTIVE: Global-local visuospatial processing has been widely investigated in both healthy and clinical populations. Recent studies indicated that individuals with ADHD lack a global processing bias. However, the extant literature regarding global-local processing style focuses solely on the visual modality. METHODS: ADHD ( N = 21) and typically developed (TD) controls ( N = 24) underwent an auditory global-local task, in which they had to decide whether the melody is ascending or descending in global or local conditions...

BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by substantial interindividual heterogeneity that challenges the systematic assessment and treatment. Considering mixed evidence from previous neurofeedback research, we present a novel feedback system that relies on gaze behavior to detect signs of inattention while performing a neuropsychological attention task in a virtual seminar room. More specifically, an audiovisual feedback was given whenever participants averted their gaze from the given task...

Current diagnostic criteria for ADHD include several symptoms that highly overlap in conceptual meaning and interpretation. Additionally, inadequate sensitivity and specificity of current screening tools have hampered clinicians' ability to identify those at risk for related outcomes. Using machine learning techniques, the current study aimed to propose a novel algorithm incorporating key ADHD symptoms to predict concurrent and future (i.e., five years later) ADHD diagnosis and related impairment levels. Participants were 399 children with and without ADHD; multiple informant measures of ADHD symptoms, global impairment, academic performance, and social skills were included as part of an accelerated longitudinal design...

The identification of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, which is increasing every year worldwide, is very important for early diagnosis and treatment. However, since ADHD is not a simple disease that can be diagnosed with a simple test, doctors require a large period of time and substantial effort for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Currently, ADHD classification studies using various datasets and machine learning or deep learning algorithms are actively being conducted for the screening diagnosis of ADHD...

BACKGROUND: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are mainly characterized by learning difficulties, emotional impulsion, excessive activity, and distracted attention, which have a certain impact on their social ability, physical and mental health, and their living ability. This study aims to explore the effects of theme building block games on the psychological behaviors of children with ADHD, and to provide some reference for promoting the mental health development of children with ADHD...

The aim of this study was to investigate if training with the memory technique Method of Loci (MoL) is feasible for children and adolescents with ADHD. Twelve children (aged 9-17 years) with ADHD participated. Training with MoL was done using a mobile application, memorizing a sequence of 20-80 pictures, intended to be carried out five times per week for 4 weeks. Feasibility was assessed with pre- and post-intervention ratings, and with interviews after the training. Qualitative data were analyzed with content analysis...

The network theory of mental disorders conceptualizes psychiatric symptoms as networks of symptoms that causally interact with each other. Our present study aimed to explore the symptomatic structure in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using network analyses. Symptom network based on 18 items of ADHD Rating Scale-IV was evaluated in 4,033 children and adolescents with ADHD. The importance of nodes was evaluated quantitatively by examining centrality indices, including Strength, Betweenness and Closeness, as well as Predictability and Expected Influence (EI)...

CONTEXT: Qigong, a mind-body practice in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), can improve cognitive functions, emotional balance, attention, multitask management, stress-coping, and well-being. One limitation of Qigong research is a lack of adequate controls. OBJECTIVE: The current study intended to evaluate whether a single 5-min practice of a White Ball (WB) Qigong exercise could improve the perceptual auditory attention, divided and focused, in adults and whether obtaining potential effects would require a minimum level of training...