Medullar thyroid cancer

DJ-1, a cancer-associated protein protects cells from multiple toxic stresses. The expression of DJ-1 and its influence on thyroid cancer cell death has not been investigated so far. We analyzed DJ-1 expression in human thyroid carcinoma cell lines and the effect of DJ-1 on tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. DJ-1 was expressed in human thyroid carcinoma cell lines; small interfering RNA-mediated downregulation of its levels significantly sensitized thyroid carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, whereas the forced exogenous expression of DJ-1 significantly suppressed cell death induced by TRAIL...

Medical reports of 8,768 patients with various diseases of thyroid gland were analyzed. There were 1,563 (17.8) male and 7,201 (82.2%) female patients aged 6 to 86 years. One-nodular goiter was diagnosed at 13.85% patients, multinodular goiter - at 67.2%, diffuse toxic goiter - at 5.85%, thyreotoxic adenoma - at 4.91%, Hashimoto's thyroiditis - at 8.16% patients. Thyroid cancer was revealed at 1.56 patients with nodular goiter, at 8.45% - with multinodular goiter, at 2.72% - with diffuse toxic goiter, at 3...

The results of surgical treatment of 149 patients, suffering differentiated cancer of the thyroid gland (CTG) and 89--with medullar pathology were analyzed. In differentiated CTG the recurrence after performance of subtotal resection of the organ had occurred in (41.2 +/- 12.3)% observations, after thyroidectomy performance without cervical lymph nodes (LN) dissection--in (31.1 +/- 5.9)%, after thyroidectomy with LN dissection--in (11.3 +/- 3.8)%. The operation radicalism for differentiated CTG secures, as minimum, by application of thyroidectomy with central LN dissection...

INTRODUCTION: Dermal mucinosis can be associated with numerous pathologies, in particular involving the thyroid, but has never been described in the case of a medullar cancer of the thyroid (MCT). CASE-REPORT: A 69-year-old man consulted for a facial erythrosis, which had been developing for a few weeks without any identified triggering factor. The skin biopsy showed dermal mucinosis and tests revealed a sporadic medullar cancer of the thyroid with secondary bone, ganglion and medullar localizations...

The RET proto-oncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase for the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family of ligands. Loss-of-function mutations in RET are implicated in Hirschsprung disease, whereas activating mutations in RET are found in human cancers, including familial medullar thyroid carcinoma and multiple endocrine neoplasias 2A and 2B. We report here the biochemical characterization of the human RET tyrosine kinase domain and the structure determination of the non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated forms...

BACKGROUND: Adrenal pheochromocytoma are diagnosed the most often in patients with arterial hypertension or with thyroid medullar cancer and suspicion of MEN II syndromes. The aim of the study is to analyse the morphology of pheochromocytomas on the basis of Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal Gland Scaled Score (PASS) in order to estimate their potential malignancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty tumours were subjected to analysis. Mean patients age was 45.2+/-13.4 years...

We report a case of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from thyroid cancer in a 70-year-old woman complaining for three months an intense cervical pain, without motor or sensitive deficits. Six months before the onset of symptoms, the patient underwent total thyroidectomy for a thyroid cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium enhancement showed an intramedullary spinal cord lesion. A partial resection of the medullar tumor was performed and the pathological findings showed an metastatic adenocarcinoma...

Thyroid tumors originate from two cell types: 1) medullar carcinoma from parafolicullar cells and 2) the tumors derived from follicular epithelial cells, which include multinodular goiter, adenomas, differentiated carcinomas (papillary and follicular carcinoma) and undifferentiated carcinoma (anaplastic carcinoma). Because of the tumors distinct biological behavior, there is a requirement for a specific therapeutic approach. Some thyroid cancer specific mutations have been identified using molecular biology and more recently, genomic methodology...

Authors present 114 children and adolescents of the total 3865 patients that underwent surgery on the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Department of Otorhinolaryngology of IPVZ, Prague because of a thyroid disease in years 1991-2000. The male/female ratio in the group was 1:6.5, 16 (13.9%) males and 99 (86.1%) females. For non-malignant disease, the male/female ratio was 1:6.5 and for malignant disease, it was 1:5.4. Thyroid surgery was indicated for non-malignant disease in 82 (71...

In the period of Octo. 01, 1987. up to Dec. 31, 1998. retrospective-prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at IORS, which included 36 patients diagnosed with thyroid gland medullar cancer. Our study had the following aims: evaluation of treatment results following probability of total survival, survival without signs of disease and disease-free interval until local recurrence of the disease and influence of parameters of transcutaneous radiotherapy (intensity of total tumor dose and length of disease-free interval from date of performed operation to beginning of radiotherapy)...

OBJECTIVE: Hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy has been suggested to increase the risk of thyroid cancer. We studied the relationship between hysterectomy and thyroid cancer in a population-based setting in Finland. STUDY DESIGN: Women undergoing hysterectomy between 1986 and 1995 (n = 17,900) were identified from the National Hospital Discharge Registry. The cohort was followed up through the Finnish Cancer Registry until 1997. RESULTS: There were 118 cases of thyroid cancer diagnosed, 103 papillary and 15 follicular or medullar type...

BACKGROUND: Multiple endocrine neoplasias type 2A (MEN 2A) is a dominantly inherited cancer syndrome. Missence mutations in the codon encoding cysteine 634 of the ret proto-oncogene have been found in 85% of the MEN 2A families. The main tumour type always present in MEN 2A is medullar thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Only 25% of all MTC are hereditary, and generally they are identified by a careful family history. However, some familial MTCs are not easily detected by this means and underdiagnosis of MEN 2A is suspected...

221 patients were operated for cancer of the thyroid gland during the last 12 years. Adequate preoperative diagnosis including ultrasound examination, and fine needle aspiration biopsy made it possible to operate 88.7% of patients at earlier (I and II) stages of the disease. Long term results of radical surgical treatment have been studied in 197 (89.1%) patients followed up 5 to 16 years, 49.2% of patients being followed up for no less than 10 years. Majority of patients (95.9%) had differentiated forms of tumors, medullar cancer was detected in 4...

An original procedure using points to evaluate the degree of tumor cell differentiation was employed in examining patients with papillary (42), follicular (33), medullary (19) and anaplastic (2) thyroid cancer. C-cell hyperplasia was detected in 26 out of the total of 94 cases (27.6%). It was the backdrop for each form of thyroid cancer and increased as tumor cell differentiation decreased. Three grades of C-cell hyperplasia were identified: I--11-20; II--21-49 and III--over 50 cells. According to anaplastic degree, it was typical and atypical; according to spreading pattern--focal, diffuse and nodular...

The RET proto-oncogene encodes two isoforms of a receptor tyrosine kinase which plays a role in neural crest and kidney development. Ret ligands have been recently identified as the neuron survival factor GDNF (Glial-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) and Neurturin. Somatic rearrangements of RET, designated RET/PTCs, have been frequently detected in papillary thyroid carcinomas. In addition, distinct germ-line mutations of RET gene have been associated with the inherited cancer syndromes MEN (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia) 2A, 2B and FMTC (Familial Medullar Thyroid Carcinomas) as well as with the congenital megacolon or Hirschsprung's disease, thus enlightening a significant role of this receptor gene in diverse human pathologic conditions...

BACKGROUND: Malignant endocrine tumours (MET) are rare neoplasms in childhood and data on such tumours are scarcely available. The aim of this retrospective study was to collect data over a period of 11 years (1984-1995) and to give the basis for a prospective study. PATIENTS AND METHOD: 180 departments of paediatrics, nuclear medicine and children's surgery were asked for reporting of patients with MET by a questionnaire. 35% of the departments answered (however, 75% of the paediatric departments)...

The authors have carried out their study on a woman who previously underwent QU.A.R.T. because of a medullar breast cancer. She also had pulmonary metastases resistant to chemotherapy which were then resected by mini-invasive video-assisted thoracic surgery: it was so discovered that such lesions came from an occult papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland originated in a multinodular goitre. This study has allowed the accomplishment of a right aetiologic and therapeutic classification of the patient.

The aim of study is an evaluation of the diagnostic methods and results of surgical treatment 202 patients suffered from thyroid cancer. Those patients were operated on in II Department of Surgery Medical University of Gdańsk in the years 1950-1993. There were 146 female and 56 males. Most frequently histological finding was papillar cancer--71 cases, follicular cancer in 57 cases, medullar cancer in 31 cases and anaplastic cancer in 43 cases. FNB diagnosis of the cancer was established 89% of the patients before operation, during operation in 96% cases...

A brief review of the cancers derived from the follicular thyroid epithelium and parafollicular cells (medullar cancer) is made. The contribution of clinical biology to the diagnosis has little significance in the case of thyroid cancer. On the other hand, the quantitative analysis of thyroglobulin is very important for the detection of recurrence in the course of the follow-up of a patient who has been treated by complete thyroidectomy. The biological markers of medullar cancer are most specific. The observation of pathological secretion of thyrocalcitonin is determining for the diagnosis of medullary carcinoma...

INTRODUCTION: A lot of factors interfere in the physiopathology of the exfoliation of the primary teeth. One of the most important factors is bone shuffle which is due to osteoclastic activity; this activity is controlled by a hormonal equilibrium. CLINICAL CASE: The aim of the present study was to correlate primary teeth's exfoliation delay in two brothers with their hypercalcitoninemia. They had a positive familiar anamnesis for thyroid medullar cancer; this disease is notoriously associated with hypercalcitoninemia...