keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37058990/redox-partner-recognition-and-selectivity-of-cytochrome-p450lin-cyp111a1
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica A Gable, Thomas L Poulos, Alec H Follmer
The strict requirement of cytochrome P450cam for its native ferredoxin redox partner, putidaredoxin (Pdx), is not exhibited by any other known cytochrome P450 (CYP) system and the molecular details of redox partner selectivity are still not completely understood. We therefore examined the selectivity of a related Pseudomonas cytochrome P450, P450lin, by testing its activity with non-native redox partners. We found that P450lin could utilize Arx, the native redox partner of CYP101D1, to enable turnover of its substrate, linalool, while Pdx showed limited activity...
April 7, 2023: Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36925263/production-of-highly-branched-%C3%AE-limit-dextrins-with-enhanced-slow-digestibility-by-various-glycogen-branching-enzymes
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ye-Eun Shim, Young-Bo Song, Sang-Ho Yoo, Byung-Hoo Lee
α-Limit dextrins (α-LDx) are slowly digestible carbohydrates that attenuate postprandial glycemic response and trigger the secretion of satiety-related hormones. In this study, more highly branched α-LDx were enzymatically synthesized to enhance the slowly digestible property by various origins of glycogen branching enzyme (GBE), which catalyzes the transglycosylation to form α-1,6 branching points after cleaving α-1,4 linkages. Results showed that the proportion of branched α-LDx in starch molecules increased around 2...
June 15, 2023: Carbohydrate Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36803896/the-impact-of-side-effect-framing-on-covid-19-booster-vaccine-intentions-in-an-australian-sample
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Barnes, K Faasse, B Colagiuri
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of presenting positively attribute-framed side effect information on COVID-19 booster vaccine intention relative to standard negatively-framed wording and a no-intervention control. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: A representative sample of Australian adults (N = 1204) were randomised to one of six conditions within a factorial design: Framing (Positive; Negative; Control) × Vaccine (Familiar (Pfizer); Unfamiliar (Moderna))...
February 13, 2023: Vaccine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36562920/detection-of-lisdexamfetamine-and-its-metabolite-d-amphetamine-in-urine-and-gastric-contents-collected-from-a-cadaver-at-forensic-autopsy
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suguru Torimitsu, Kanju Saka, Kanako Noritake, Akira Namera, Yohsuke Makino, Rutsuko Yamaguchi, Hirotaro Iwase
PURPOSE: Lisdexamfetamine (LDX), which is used for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy, is composed of L-lysine attached to dextroamphetamine (d-amphetamine). In this article, we report a forensic autopsy case in which prescription drugs were unknown at autopsy. While amphetamine was detected, methamphetamine could not be detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in any of samples collected. Thus, we aimed to quantify LDX concentrations in autopsy samples and to prove that the amphetamine detected in this case was due to metabolized LDX...
December 23, 2022: Forensic Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36233890/corrosion-properties-of-boron-and-manganese-alloyed-stainless-steels-as-a-material-for-the-bipolar-plates-of-pem-fuel-cells
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomáš Lovaši, Vojtěch Pečinka, Jakub Ludvík, Jiří Kubásek, Filip Průša, Milan Kouřil
Stainless steels are materials that could be used for constructing not only the bearing parts of fuel cells but also the functional ones, particularly the bipolar plates. The advantage of stainless steel is its valuable electrical and thermal conductivity, reasonably low cost, excellent mechanical properties, and good formability. Paradoxically, the self-protection effect resulting from passivation turns into the main disadvantage, which is unacceptable interfacial contact resistance. The aim of this study was to test a number of possible stainless steels in a simulated fuel cell environment, especially those alloyed with boron and manganese, which were found to improve the contact resistance properties of stainless steels...
September 21, 2022: Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36190973/trial-protocol-of-an-open-label-pilot-study-of-lisdexamfetamine-for-the-treatment-of-acute-methamphetamine-withdrawal
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liam S Acheson, Nadine Ezard, Nicholas Lintzeris, Adrian Dunlop, Jonathan Brett, Craig Rodgers, Anthony Gill, Michael Christmass, Rebecca McKetin, Michael Farrell, Steve Shoptaw, Krista J Siefried
INTRODUCTION: Methamphetamine (MA) use disorder is an important public health concern. MA withdrawal is often the first step in ceasing or reducing use. There are no evidence-based withdrawal treatments, and no medication is approved for the treatment of MA withdrawal. Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) dimesilate, used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and binge eating disorder has the potential as an agonist therapy to ameliorate withdrawal symptoms, and improve outcomes for patients...
2022: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36028603/risk-of-major-cardiovascular-and-cerebrovascular-events-in-users-of-lisdexamfetamine-and-other-medications-for-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-in-denmark-and-sweden-a-population-based-cohort-study
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joan Forns, Elena Dudukina, David Hägg, Péter Szentkúti, Karin Gembert, Estel Plana, Alicia Gilsenan, Erzsébet Horváth-Puhó, Vera Ehrenstein, Johan Reutfors, Cristina Rebordosa
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to estimate risks of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients treated with lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) compared with patients previously treated with other attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications (amphetamine, dexamphetamine, methylphenidate or atomoxetine). METHODS: This population-based cohort study used data from Danish and Swedish medical and administrative national registers. The LDX cohort included adult patients initiating LDX with at least 12 months' data preceding first LDX dispensing (index date)...
December 2022: Neurology and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35959655/what-is-the-potential-for-abuse-of-lisdexamfetamine-in-adults-a-preclinical-and-clinical-literature-review-and-expert-opinion
#28
REVIEW
Louise Carton, Romain Icick, Sébastien Weibel, Maurice Dematteis, Etienne Kammerer, Anne Batisse, Benjamin Rolland
INTRODUCTION: Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is a prodrug approved for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and for moderate-to-severe binge eating disorder in adults in some countries. AREA COVERED: We aimed to specify the abuse potential of LDX in adults, using a review of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD), animal, clinical, and pharmaco-epidemiological studies, through a PubMed search since inception until May 2021 using the following keywords: "lisdexamfetamine AND ('misuse' OR 'abuse' OR 'diversion' OR 'addiction')"...
August 2022: Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35951288/molecular-characterisation-of-the-mechanism-of-action-of-stimulant-drugs-lisdexamfetamine-and-methylphenidate-on-adhd-neurobiology-a-review
#29
REVIEW
Javier Quintero, José R Gutiérrez-Casares, Cecilio Álamo
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by persistent inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Moreover, ADHD is commonly associated with other comorbid diseases (depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, etc.). The ADHD symptomatology interferes with subject function and development. The treatment of ADHD requires a multidisciplinary approach based on a combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments with the aim of ameliorating the symptomatology; among first-line pharmacological treatments are stimulants [such as methylphenidate (MPH) and lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX)]...
December 2022: Neurology and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35589610/ladarixin-an-inhibitor-of-il-8-receptors-cxcr1-and-cxcr2-in-new-onset-type-1-diabetes-a-multicenter-randomized-double-blind-placebo-controlled-trial
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lorenzo Piemonti, Bart Keymeulen, Pieter Gillard, Thomas Linn, Emanuele Bosi, Ludger Rose, Paolo Pozzilli, Francesco Giorgino, Efisio Cossu, Luisa Daffonchio, Giovanni Goisis, Pier Adelchi Ruffini, Anna Rita Maurizi, Flavio Mantelli, Marcello Allegretti
AIM: To evaluate the ability of ladarixin, an inhibitor of the CXCR1/2 chemokine receptors (LDX, 400 mg b.i.d for 3 cycles of 14 days on/14 days off) to maintain C-peptide production in adult patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A double-blind, randomized (2:1), placebo-controlled study was conducted in 45 males and 31 females (18-46 years) within 100 days from the first insulin administration. Primary end-point was the area under the curve for C-peptide in response to a 2-hour MMTT [AUC(0-120 min) ] at week 13+1...
May 19, 2022: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35577034/efficacy-and-safety-of-lisdexamfetamine-in-preschool-children-with-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder
#31
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Ann C Childress, Eric Lloyd, Leslie Jacobsen, Lhanoo Gunawardhana, Steven A Johnson, Robert L Findling
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the acute efficacy, safety, and tolerability of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) vs placebo (PBO) in preschool-aged children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD: This phase 3, double-blind, fixed-dose study randomly assigned children (aged 4-5 years) with ADHD to 6 weeks of LDX (5, 10, 20, 30 mg) or PBO. The prespecified primary (change from baseline at week 6 in ADHD Rating Scale IV, Preschool version, total score [ADHD-RS-IV-PS-TS]) and key secondary (Clinical Global Impression-Improvement [CGI-I] score at week 6) efficacy endpoints were assessed using linear mixed-effects models for repeated measures...
December 2022: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35536369/cardioprotective-effect-of-silicon-built-restraint-device-asd-for-left-ventricular-remodeling-in-rat-heart-failure-model
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Waqas Nawaz, Muhammad Naveed, Jing Zhang, Sobia Noreen, Muhammad Saeed, Kiganda Raymond Sembatya, Awais Ullah Ihsan, Imran Shair Mohammad, Gang Wang, Xiaohui Zhou
This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and cardio-protective effects of biocompatible silicon-built restraint device (ASD) in the rat's heart failure (HF) model. The performance and compliance characteristics of the ASD device were assessed in vitro by adopting a pneumatic drive and ball burst test. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups (n = 6); control, HF, HF + CSD, and HF + ASD groups, respectively. Heart failure was developed by left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation in all groups except the control group...
May 10, 2022: Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35511961/stability-of-lisdexamfetamine-in-sampled-whole-blood-implications-of-sampling-tube-additives-and-storage-temperature-for-interpretation-of-impairment
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lambert K Sørensen, Mette F Andreasen, Jakob R Jornil, Charlotte U Andersen, Jørgen B Hasselstrøm
Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) is a prodrug that is enzymatically converted into dextroamphetamine (D-AMP), a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. The stability of LDX in sampled whole blood is an important issue that may be crucial in the assessment of impaired driving caused by D-AMP. This study investigated the stability of LDX in whole blood collected in two different tubes containing a fluoride oxalate (FX) mixture and a fluoride citrate (FC) mixture. Without additives, LDX was unstable. LDX was also unstable in FX blood stored at ambient temperature or 4°C...
May 3, 2022: Journal of Analytical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35013131/the-effects-of-lisdexamfetamine-dimesylate-on-eating-behaviour-and-homeostatic-reward-and-cognitive-processes-in-women-with-binge-eating-symptoms-an-experimental-medicine-study
#34
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Elizabeth Schneider, Elizabeth Martin, Pia Rotshtein, Kasim L Qureshi, Samuel R Chamberlain, Maartje S Spetter, Colin T Dourish, Suzanne Higgs
Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is the only drug currently approved by the FDA for the treatment of Binge-Eating Disorder (BED), but little is known about the behavioural mechanisms that underpin the efficacy of LDX in treating BED. We examined the behavioural and neural effects of an acute dose of LDX (50 mg) in 22 women with binge-eating symptomatology using a randomised, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled experimental medicine design. LDX reduced self-reported appetite ratings and intake of both a pasta meal and a palatable cookie snack...
January 10, 2022: Translational Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34973805/effect-of-highly-branched-%C3%AE-glucans-synthesized-by-dual-glycosyltransferases-on-the-glucose-release-rate
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Moon-Gi Hong, Sang-Ho Yoo, Byung-Hoo Lee
Increasing α-1,6 linkages in starch molecules generates a large amount of α-limit dextrins (α-LDx) during α-amylolysis, which decelerate the release of glucose at the intestinal α-glucosidase level. This study synthesized highly branched α-glucans from sucrose using Neisseria polysaccharea amylosucrase and Rhodothermus obamensis glycogen branching enzyme to enhance those of slowly digestible property. The synthesized α-glucans (Mw: 1.7-4.9 × 107  g mol-1 ) were mainly composed of α-1,4 linkages and large proportions of α-1,6 linkages (7...
February 15, 2022: Carbohydrate Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34803764/methods-to-develop-an-in-silico-clinical-trial-computational-head-to-head-comparison-of-lisdexamfetamine-and-methylphenidate
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
José Ramón Gutiérrez-Casares, Javier Quintero, Guillem Jorba, Valentin Junet, Vicente Martínez, Tamara Pozo-Rubio, Baldomero Oliva, Xavier Daura, José Manuel Mas, Carmen Montoto
Regulatory agencies encourage computer modeling and simulation to reduce the time and cost of clinical trials. Although still not classified in formal guidelines, system biology-based models represent a powerful tool for generating hypotheses with great molecular detail. Herein, we have applied a mechanistic head-to-head in silico clinical trial (ISCT) between two treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, to wit lisdexamfetamine (LDX) and methylphenidate (MPH). The ISCT was generated through three phases comprising (i) the molecular characterization of drugs and pathologies, (ii) the generation of adult and children virtual populations (vPOPs) totaling 2,600 individuals and the creation of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) and quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) models, and (iii) data analysis with artificial intelligence methods...
2021: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34777513/a-case-of-constipation-and-gastrointestinal-retention-of-lisdexamfetamine-dimesylate-capsules-in-an-11-year-old
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Usman Hameed, Asfand Khan, Hassaan Gomaa, John C Garman, Ahmad Hameed
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a worldwide prevalence of 5.29% and stimulant medications are considered first-line treatment. Common adverse events with these medications include decreased appetite, increased sleep latency, tics, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is a stimulant used for treating ADHD and may lead to gastrointestinal, among other adverse effects. In this report, we present a case of constipation and retention of LDX capsules in the gastrointestinal tract...
November 2021: Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34766711/hypoglycemia-and-presumptive-rhabdomyolysis-secondary-to-lisdexamfetamine-toxicosis-in-3-cats
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine Crecraft, Jennifer Prittie, Alicia Mastrocco
OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical course and novel biochemical changes in 3 cats with lisdexamfetamine (LDX) toxicosis. SERIES SUMMARY: Three cats presented with LDX exposure and initially displayed typical clinical signs of amphetamine toxicosis. However, over the course of hospitalization, hypoglycemia and markedly elevated creatine kinase levels consistent with rhabdomyolysis ensued. All cats were treated with sedatives including phenothiazines and dexmedetomidine...
January 2022: Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34742415/slowly-digestible-property-of-highly-branched-%C3%AE-limit-dextrins-produced-by-4-6-%C3%AE-glucanotransferase-from-streptococcus-thermophilus-evaluated-in-vitro-and-in-vivo
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jae-Jin Ryu, Xiaolei Li, Eun-Sook Lee, Dan Li, Byung-Hoo Lee
Starch molecules are first degraded to slowly digestible α-limit dextrins (α-LDx) and rapidly hydrolyzable linear malto-oligosaccharides (LMOs) by salivary and pancreatic α-amylases. In this study, we designed a slowly digestible highly branched α-LDx with maximized α-1,6 linkages using 4,6-α-glucanotransferase (4,6-αGT), which creates a short length of α-1,4 side chains with increasing branching points. The results showed that a short length of external chains mainly composed of 1-8 glucosyl units was newly synthesized in different amylose contents of corn starches, and the α-1,6 linkage ratio of branched α-LDx after the chromatographical purification was significantly increased from 4...
January 1, 2022: Carbohydrate Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34576346/wear-behavior-and-machining-performance-of-tialsin-coated-tools-obtained-by-dc-ms-and-hipims-a-comparative-study
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vitor F C Sousa, Francisco J G Silva, Hernâni Lopes, Rafaela C B Casais, Andresa Baptista, Gustavo Pinto, Ricardo Alexandre
Duplex stainless steels are being used on applications that require high corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties, such as the naval and oil-gas exploration industry. The components employed in these industries are usually obtained by machining; however, these alloys have low machinability when compared to conventional stainless steels, usually requiring the employment of tool coatings. In the present work, a comparative study of TiAlSiN coating performance obtained by these two techniques in the milling of duplex stainless-steel alloy LDX 2101 was carried out...
September 7, 2021: Materials
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