keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482080/autoimmune-hepatitis-an-unusual-presentation
#21
Ahmed A Aziz, Muhammad A Aziz, Deep Mehta, Muhammad H Rashid
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease that occurs in a bimodal age distribution in the second and fifth-sixth decade of life. The disease is more prevalent in females and presents with variable clinical manifestations ranging from being asymptomatic to acute liver failure. AIH is often overlooked and not worked up in elderly patients who present with liver failure. This can lead to increased morbidity and mortality in elderly patients. AIH should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients who present with elevated transaminases regardless of age or gender as early recognition and treatment leads to improved outcomes...
2024: Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477840/the-frequency-and-clinical-significance-of-antibodies-to-soluble-liver-antigen-liver-pancreas-in-autoimmune-hepatitis-a-prospective-single-center-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Osman Yüksekyayla, Nabi Kina, Arjen Ulaba, Mehmet Emin Ergün, Ersin Batibay, Cem Şimşek, Fadile Yildiz Zeyrek, Staffan Wahlin, Cumali Efe
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Soluble liver antigen/liver pancreas antibodies (anti-SLA/LP) are specific markers for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) that have been associated with a distinct clinical phenotype and a more aggressive form of AIH. We prospectively evaluated the frequency and clinical significance of anti-SLA/LP in Turkish patients with AIH. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We prospectively included patients diagnosed with AIH between January 2018 and May 2023. Autoantibodies were detected using by immunofluorescence and immunoblot...
March 4, 2024: European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476795/lupus-hepatitis-a-rare-manifestation-revealing-systemic-lupus-erythematosus
#23
Hassnae Tkak, Anane Sara, Amal Hamami, Aziza Elouali, Abdeladim Babakhouya, Maria Rkain
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rare disease in children but is more severe than in adults. SLE may be associated with various non-specific hepatic manifestations, but subacute lupus hepatitis remains unusual and is rarely a mode of revelation. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical, laboratory, and histological findings after ruling out other causes of hepatitis, notably autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). We report the case of a young girl with undiagnosed SLE, which first revealed itself as liver involvement and progressed well on corticosteroid therapy...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473913/hemochromatosis-ferroptosis-ros-gut-microbiome-and-clinical-challenges-with-alcohol-as-confounding-variable
#24
REVIEW
Rolf Teschke
Hemochromatosis represents clinically one of the most important genetic storage diseases of the liver caused by iron overload, which is to be differentiated from hepatic iron overload due to excessive iron release from erythrocytes in patients with genetic hemolytic disorders. This disorder is under recent mechanistic discussion regarding ferroptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), the gut microbiome, and alcohol abuse as a risk factor, which are all topics of this review article. Triggered by released intracellular free iron from ferritin via the autophagic process of ferritinophagy, ferroptosis is involved in hemochromatosis as a specific form of iron-dependent regulated cell death...
February 25, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38469432/multiloculated-liver-abscess-a-complication-of-endoscopic-ultrasound-guided-liver-biopsy
#25
Tia D Andrade, Mohanad Awadalla, Sultan Mahmood, Tyler M Berzin
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided liver biopsy is gaining popularity for liver parenchymal sampling due to its detailed visualization of liver anatomy, precision in sampling, and the ability to combine liver biopsy with other endoscopic goals. In this study, we present a case involving an anatomically complex, immunocompromised patient who underwent EUS-guided liver biopsy. While the samples were sufficient and progressed the management of her autoimmune hepatitis, her course was complicated by a multiloculated liver abscess...
March 2024: ACG Case Reports Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466881/berberine-alleviates-concanavalin-a-induced-autoimmune-hepatitis-in-mice-by-modulating-the-gut-microbiota
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hao Yang, Qingqing Liu, Haixia Liu, Xing Kang, Haixia Tian, Yongbo Kang, Lin Li, Xiaodan Yang, Peng Ren, Xiaoyu Kuang, Xiaohui Wang, Linzhi Guo, Mingwei Tong, Jieqiong Ma, Weiping Fan
BACKGROUND: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated liver disease of unknown etiology accompanied by intestinal dysbiosis and a damaged intestinal barrier. Berberine (BBR) is a traditional antibacterial medicine that has a variety of pharmacological properties. It has been reported that BBR alleviates AIH, but relevant mechanisms remain to be fully explored. METHODS: BBR was orally administered at doses of 100 mg⋅kg-1⋅d-1 for 7 days to mice before concanavalin A-induced AIH model establishment...
April 1, 2024: Hepatology Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465864/the-prevalence-and-disease-course-of-autoimmune-liver-diseases-in-greenland
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rasmus Hvidbjerg Gantzel, Carina Nørskov Bagge, Gerda Elisabeth Villadsen, Karsten Fleischer Rex, Henning Grønbæk, Michael Lynge Pedersen
Autoimmune liver diseases are rare serious diseases causing chronic inflammation and fibrosis in the liver parenchyma and bile ducts. Yet, the prevalence and burden of autoimmune liver diseases are largely unexplored in Arctic native populations. We investigated the prevalence and management of autoimmune liver diseases in Greenland using nationwide cross-sectional register data and subsequent medical chart reviews validating diagnoses and extracting liver histology examinations and medical treatments. The overall prevalence of autoimmune liver diseases in Greenland was 24...
December 2024: International Journal of Circumpolar Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464929/autoimmune-hepatitis-primary-biliary-cholangitis-overlap-syndrome-complicated-by-various-autoimmune-diseases-a-case-report
#28
Yu-Jie Qin, Ting Gao, Xing-Nian Zhou, Ming-Liang Cheng, Hong Li
BACKGROUND: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are two common clinical autoimmune liver diseases, and some patients have both diseases; this feature is called AIH-PBC overlap syndrome. Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is the most frequently overlapping extrahepatic autoimmune disease. Immunoglobulin (IgG) 4-related disease is an autoimmune disease recognized in recent years, characterized by elevated serum IgG4 levels and infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in tissues...
February 26, 2024: World Journal of Clinical Cases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464677/a-comprehensive-review-on-the-role-of-interleukin-40-as-a-biomarker-for-diagnosing-inflammatory-diseases
#29
REVIEW
Feryal Dabbagh-Gorjani
Interleukins are a group of proteins that have a wide range of complex functions and are believed to be involved in several diseases and conditions. In particular, interleukin-40 (IL-40) is a recently identified cytokine associated with B cells that was first introduced by Catalan et al. in 2017. This cytokine has several roles in the body, including functioning in the formation of B cells in the bone marrow, IgA production, and expression in the intestinal microbiome. Moreover, IL-40 appears to be involved in numerous autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjogren's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, type 2 diabetes, Graves' disease, and hepatic cell carcinoma...
2024: Autoimmune Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463495/autoimmune-hepatitis-on-a-living-liver-donor-an-unexpected-long-term-complication
#30
Bernardo Canhão, Augusta Cipriano, Armando Carvalho, Adélia Simão, João Madaleno
In Western countries, deceased donor liver transplantation remains the standard of care for patients with end-stage liver disease. Living donor liver transplantation is a viable and feasible strategy for patients with end-stage liver disease designed to mitigate the deceased organ shortage. Donor safety is the primary concern because liver donors, ideally, should not have any complication. We report a case of middle-aged woman without a history of chronic liver disease who developed autoimmune hepatitis more than 20 years after live liver donation...
March 2024: ACG Case Reports Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460715/clinical-biochemical-and-histological-features-related-to-treatment-response-and-prognosis-in-autoimmune-hepatitis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ludmila Resende Guedes, Guilherme Grossi Lopes Cançado, Bruno Campos Santos, Luma Dos Santos Jacomassi, Mateus Jorge Nardelli, Fernanda Maria Farage Osório, Luciana Costa Faria, Cláudia Alves Couto
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare disease with a complex and not fully understood pathogenesis. Prognostic factors that might influence treatment response, relapse rates, and transplant-free survival are not well established. This study investigates clinical and biochemical markers associated with response to immunosuppression in patients with AIH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 101 patients with AIH treated with immunosuppressants and followed at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 1990 to 2018...
March 7, 2024: Annals of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460606/celiac-disease-related-conditions-who-to-test
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fabiana Zingone, Julio C Bai, Christophe Cellier, Jonas F Ludvigsson
Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic immune-mediated condition triggered by gluten consumption in genetically predisposed individuals. Approximately 1% of the general population is affected by the disorder. Disease presentation is heterogeneous, and despite growing awareness among physicians and the public, it continues to be underestimated. The most effective strategy for identifying undiagnosed CeD is proactive case-finding through serologic testing in high-risk groups. We reviewed the most recent evidence on the association between CeD and over 20 conditions...
March 7, 2024: Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459229/role-of-glucocorticoids-in-metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatotic-liver-disease
#33
REVIEW
Stergios A Polyzos, Giovanni Targher
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: To summarize published data on the association between glucocorticoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), focusing on the possible pathophysiological links and related treatment considerations. RECENT FINDINGS: Glucocorticoids, commonly used for managing many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, may contribute to the development and progression of MASLD. Glucocorticoids may induce hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, thus increasing systemic and hepatic insulin resistance, a hallmark of MASLD pathogenesis...
March 8, 2024: Current Obesity Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458556/revolutionizing-pancreatic-islet-organoid-transplants-improving-engraftment-and-exploring-future-frontiers
#34
REVIEW
Noella Abraham, Tejaswini Kolipaka, Giriraj Pandey, Mansi Negi, Dadi A Srinivasarao, Saurabh Srivastava
Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) manifests due to pancreatic beta cell destruction, causing insulin deficiency and hyperglycaemia. Current therapies are inadequate for brittle diabetics, necessitating pancreatic islet transplants, which however, introduces its own set of challenges such as paucity of donors, rigorous immunosuppression and autoimmune rejection. Organoid technology represents a significant stride in the field of regenerative medicine and bypasses donor-based approaches. Hence this article focuses on strategies enhancing the in vivo engraftment of islet organoids (IOs), namely vascularization, encapsulation, immune evasion, alternative extra-hepatic transplant sites and 3D bioprinting...
March 6, 2024: Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458076/identifying-the-genetic-association-between-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-and-the-risk-of-autoimmune-liver-diseases
#35
REVIEW
Wei Huang, Tianyu Jin, Wei Zheng, Qiaoqiao Yin, Qiqi Yan, Hongying Pan, Chengan Xu
BACKGROUND: Previous studies on the relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs) are inconclusive. Therefore, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the causal associations between SLE and AILDs. METHODS: A two-sample MR analysis was performed using summary-level statistics sourced from genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets. Inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR‒Egger, and weighted median (WM) were further supported by several sensitivity analyses...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Autoimmunity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457107/a-comparative-study-of-uncomplicated-acute-non-a-e-hepatitis-with-acute-viral-hepatitis-and-acute-onset-autoimmune-hepatitis
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siddhesh Vijay Rane, Shubham Jain, Partha Debnath, Rahul Deshmukh, Sujit Nair, Sanjay Chandnani, Rima Kamat, Pravin Rathi
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Non-A-E hepatitis (NAEH) not leading to acute liver failure (ALF) is poorly documented. The objective was to compare clinical and laboratory features of uncomplicated acute NAEH with acute viral (AVH) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and histopathology in NAEH and AIH. METHODS: Cases of hepatocellular jaundice were included. These were grouped into AVH, AIH and NAEH based on clinical, laboratory and, when indicated, liver biopsy findings. NAEH and AIH were followed up at three months...
March 8, 2024: Indian Journal of Gastroenterology: Official Journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456902/-treatment-of-autoimmune-hepatitis-first-line-second-line-and-third-line-treatment
#37
REVIEW
Richard Taubert, Bastian Engel
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare autoimmune inflammation of the liver mostly with a chronic course, which can also be acutely manifested up to acute liver failure. It affects women 3-4 times more frequently than men and can be diagnosed in all age groups. In one third of the patients a liver cirrhosis is present at the time of diagnosis. It is characterized by a hepatic inflammation pattern, a polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia of immunoglobulin G and the detection of autoantibodies. A liver biopsy is necessary to make the diagnosis...
April 2024: Inn Med (Heidelb)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455771/a-case-report-demonstrating-the-favorable-outcomes-of-using-n-acetylcysteine-nac-in-managing-hepatic-injury-induced-by-amphetamine-related-drug-toxicity-do-we-underestimate-its-potential
#38
Gagan Aulakh, Arshdeep Singh
A 59-year-old male with a history of alcohol abuse presented with altered mental status. Upon examination, he was hypertensive and lethargic, and laboratory results revealed severe transaminitis, coagulopathy, and lactic acidosis, despite having normal serum alcohol levels. Additionally, his urine drug screen tested positive for methamphetamine. Following the exclusion of infectious, autoimmune, and other common causes of acute hepatitis, a diagnosis of methamphetamine-induced acute hepatitis was established...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455623/polymyositis-concomitant-with-hepatitis-b-virus-infection-treatment-challenges
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andi R Ginting, Vincent Tandiono
Polymyositis is a chronic autoimmune disease that presents with symmetrical progressive proximal muscle weakness. The cause of this disease due to abnormal activation of macrophages that might be associated with systemic diseases such as other autoimmune diseases, malignancy or viral infections including hepatitis B virus. The aim of this case report was to highlight treatment challenges in a patient with polymyositis concomitant with hepatitis B. A 28-years-old man with history of completed hepatitis B treatment with negative viral load presented with symmetrical progressive weakness on both inferior proximal extremities...
December 2023: Narra J
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455549/protective-effects-of-hepatic-diseases-by-bioactive-phytochemicals-in-fusarium-oxysporum-a-review
#40
REVIEW
Nashwa M Shalapy, Ming Liu, Wenyi Kang
Lately, liver diseases were categorized as one of the most prevalent health problems globally as it causes a severe threat to mankind all over the world due to the wide range of occurrence. There are multiple factors causing hepatic disorders, such as alcohol, virus, poisons, adverse effects of drugs, poor diet, inherited conditions and obesity. Liver diseases have various types including alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver fibrosis and hepatic inflammation...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
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