Ductus

BACKGROUND: Children with DS are at higher risk of developing congenital anomalies, particularly cardiac anomalies. METHODS: Medical records of 502 DS patients were reviewed. The logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent predictors. RESULTS: Of the total 502 study subjects, 53.4% were males. Only 1.4% of the DS case diagnosis were confirmed by karyotyping. All cases were diagnosed postnatally. The median age at DS diagnosis was 5 months...

Reversed flow in the basilar artery can be acquired or congenital. Acquired reversed flow in the basilar artery can result from acute thrombosis of the basilar artery or retrograde vertebral artery flow. Congenital continuous retrograde basilar artery flow has not been described. We report a 2-day-old male presenting with hypocalcemic seizures which led us to obtain a Duplex echoencephalogram. An echocardiogram was subsequently ordered. In the coronal plane through the anterior fontanelle, retrograde flow was seen in the basilar artery and the right vertebral artery...

INTRODUCTION: A feature of the management of extremely preterm infants in Japan is proactive circulatory management using early routine echocardiography performed by neonatologists. METHODS: This study was a post hoc analysis of the Patent ductus arteriosus and Left Atrial Size Evaluation in preterm infants (PLASE) study, which is a prospective cohort study including preterm infants admitted to 34 tertiary neonatal intensive care units in Japan between October 2015 and December 2016...

Pulmonary Artery Aneur ysm (PAA), whether congenital or acquired, is a rare diagnostic find ing com pare d to aor tic aneur ysms. There have been fe w cases where PA As were documented as a complication of untreated Patent Ductus Ar teriosus (PDA) due to long-standing Pulmonary Arterial H ypertension (PAH). However, it is quite rare for a case of PAA to be reported with co-existing PDA without PAH. This report highlights a case of a five -year-old girl who was presented with palpitations, easy fatigability, fever, c yanos is, and vomiting...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiation dose reduction with a new-generation biplane angiocardiography system in patients undergoing transcatheter isolated patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty pediatric patients who underwent transcatheter PDA closure were randomly divided into two groups as normal radiation dose and low dose. Patients who required additional procedures other than PDA closure were excluded...

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BACKGROUND: Fetal cardiology has shown a rapid development in the past decades. Fetal echocardiography is not only used for the detection of structural anomalies but also to assess fetal cardiac function. Assessment of the fetal cardiac function is performed mostly in the second and third trimesters. The study of fetal cardiac function at the end of first trimester has not been investigated properly, and there is a lack of reference values at early gestational weeks. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess if the measurement of time-related parameters of cardiac function in the left ventricle of the fetal heart is feasible and reproducible at the end of the first trimester...

BACKGROUND: Transcatheter closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants is currently dependent on fluoroscopic guidance and transportation to the catheterization laboratory. AIM: We describe a new echocardiographically guided technique to allow our team to move to the bedside at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the referring center for percutaneous treatment of PDA in premature infants. METHODS: This is a single-center, retrospective, primarily descriptive analysis...

Aberrant subclavian artery (ASCA) is frequently observed in interrupted aortic arch (IAA) with aortic/subaortic obstruction. Developmental significance of ASCA in IAA in utero remains elusive. Newborns with prenatally diagnosed isolated IAA under continuous prostaglandin E1 infusion were studied. Cross-sectional areas of aortic valve opening (AVOCSA ) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDACSA ) were represented by echocardiographic measurement of (diameter)2 indexed by body surface area (m2 ). Types of IAA and presence of ASCA were examined in relation to sizes of AVOCSA and PDACSA ...

Unilateral absence of intra-pericardial pulmonary artery is a rare congenital malformation. If untreated, it can lead to morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Early intervention and restoration of physiologic pulmonary blood flow is necessary. Transcatheter stenting as initial intervention has been rarely reported. We present transcatheter recanalisation and stenting of the obliterated ductus in two newborns with unilateral absence of intra-pericardial pulmonary artery with cross-sectional imaging, procedural details, angiography, and follow up to surgical repair...

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RATIONALE: A hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in premature infants has been associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, these associations remain incompletely understood. OBJECTIVES: The aim was to assess the association between hsPDA duration with clinical outcomes, PH, and phenotypic differences on lung MRI. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study identified all infants with BPD <32 weeks gestation who also underwent a research lung MRI <48 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) from 2014-2022...

Percutaneous catheter-based closure is increasingly utilized in premature newborns. While near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been examined for assessment of interventional closure in surgical ligation, its application in percutaneous transcatheter closure remains unexplored. This study aims to assess cerebral and renal hemodynamic changes using NIRS during percutaneous closure compared to surgical closure in preterm infants. A prospective observational study enrolled preterm infants born at 32 weeks of gestation or less and diagnosed with hsPDA between January 2020 and December 2022...

BACKGROUND: In this study, the flip technique was compared with the classical method in terms of procedural success and procedure time during ductal stent implantation (DSI) via the carotid artery in patients whose pulmonary blood flow is dependent on the vertical type of ductus arteriosus (DA). METHODS: Between January 2019 and June 2023, 40 patients (24 males, 16 females; mean age: 15.9±15.4 days; range, 1 to 68 days) with vertical ductus-dependent pulmonary circulation who underwent patent DA stent implantation via the carotid artery were included in the study...

BACKGROUND: Congenital malformations of the trachea are rare but often life-threatening. Limited data have been published on the outcomes of tracheal reconstruction for congenital tracheal stenosis. We sought to describe the outcomes of patients undergoing tracheal reconstruction over 10 years at our centre. METHODS: All paediatric patients who underwent long-segment tracheal or bronchial reconstruction from January 1, 2012, to August 31, 2022, were included. The primary outcome was mortality, and secondary outcomes included reoperation and postoperative morbidity...

OBJECTIVE: The ductus arteriosus normally closes after birth. Histamine2 Receptor Antagonist (H2RA) has been associated with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). We aimed to study the characteristics of term infants with PDA and their possible association with prenatal exposure to antacids - Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) and H2RA. STUDY DESIGN: Population-based matched case-control study of mothers registered at "Clalit" Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) and their infants born at "Soroka" University Medical Center (SUMC) between 2001-2018...

Hereditary TTP (hTTP), termed Upshaw-Schulman syndrome, is an ultra-rare disorder caused by a severe deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity that allows circulation of ultra-large von Willebrand factor (UL-VWF) multimers. The greatest risk for hTTP is in their first days after birth, when 35-50% of patients will have severe hemolysis, jaundice, and thrombocytopenia. It is often fatal without effective treatment. In utero, fetal blood flowing from the pulmonary artery through the ductus arteriosus (DA) to the aorta is under low-shear-force...

Sotos syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by overgrowth with advanced bone age, macrodolicocephaly, motor developmental delays and learning difficulties, and characteristic facial features caused by heterozygous pathogenetic variants in the NSD1 gene located on chromosome 5q35. The prevalence of heart defects (HDs) in individuals with Sotos syndrome is estimated to be around 15-40%. Septal defects and patent ductus arteriosus are the most commonly diagnosed malformations, but complex defects have also been reported...

Previous studies have suggested that an extended period of ventilation before delayed cord clamping (DCC) augments birth-related rises in pulmonary arterial (PA) blood flow. However, it is unknown whether this greater rise in PA flow is accompanied by increases in left ventricular (LV) output and systemic arterial perfusion or whether it reflects enhanced left-to-right shunting across the ductus arteriosus and/or foramen ovale (FO), with decreased systemic arterial perfusion. Using an established preterm lamb birth transition model, this study compared the effect of a short (∼40 s, n = 11), moderate (∼2 min, n = 11) or extended (∼5 min, n = 12) period of initial mechanical lung ventilation before DCC on flow probe-derived perinatal changes in PA flow, LV output, total systemic arterial blood flow, ductal shunting and FO shunting...

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