keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38641810/mst1-2-exerts-a-pivotal-role-in-inducing-neuroinflammation-and-coxsackievirus-a10-replication-by-interacting-with-innate-immunity
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yajie Hu, Minigmei Zhong, Yaming Lv, Wei Zhao, Baojiang Qian, Jie Song, Yunhui Zhang
Coxsackievirus-A10 (CV-A10), responsible for the hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) pandemic, could cause serious central nervous system (CNS) complications. The underlying molecular basis of CV-A10 and host interactions inducing neuropathogenesis is still unclear. The Hippo signaling pathway, historically known for a dominator of organ development and homeostasis, has recently been implicated as an immune regulator. However, its role in host defense against CV-A10 has not been investigated. Herein, it was found that CV-A10 proliferated in HMC3 cells and promoted the release of inflammatory cytokines...
April 19, 2024: Virology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38637617/genome-wide-association-analyses-identify-95-risk-loci-and-provide-insights-into-the-neurobiology-of-post-traumatic-stress-disorder
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caroline M Nievergelt, Adam X Maihofer, Elizabeth G Atkinson, Chia-Yen Chen, Karmel W Choi, Jonathan R I Coleman, Nikolaos P Daskalakis, Laramie E Duncan, Renato Polimanti, Cindy Aaronson, Ananda B Amstadter, Soren B Andersen, Ole A Andreassen, Paul A Arbisi, Allison E Ashley-Koch, S Bryn Austin, Esmina Avdibegoviç, Dragan Babić, Silviu-Alin Bacanu, Dewleen G Baker, Anthony Batzler, Jean C Beckham, Sintia Belangero, Corina Benjet, Carisa Bergner, Linda M Bierer, Joanna M Biernacka, Laura J Bierut, Jonathan I Bisson, Marco P Boks, Elizabeth A Bolger, Amber Brandolino, Gerome Breen, Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan, Richard A Bryant, Angela C Bustamante, Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm, Marie Bækvad-Hansen, Anders D Børglum, Sigrid Børte, Leah Cahn, Joseph R Calabrese, Jose Miguel Caldas-de-Almeida, Chris Chatzinakos, Sheraz Cheema, Sean A P Clouston, Lucía Colodro-Conde, Brandon J Coombes, Carlos S Cruz-Fuentes, Anders M Dale, Shareefa Dalvie, Lea K Davis, Jürgen Deckert, Douglas L Delahanty, Michelle F Dennis, Frank Desarnaud, Christopher P DiPietro, Seth G Disner, Anna R Docherty, Katharina Domschke, Grete Dyb, Alma Džubur Kulenović, Howard J Edenberg, Alexandra Evans, Chiara Fabbri, Negar Fani, Lindsay A Farrer, Adriana Feder, Norah C Feeny, Janine D Flory, David Forbes, Carol E Franz, Sandro Galea, Melanie E Garrett, Bizu Gelaye, Joel Gelernter, Elbert Geuze, Charles F Gillespie, Slavina B Goleva, Scott D Gordon, Aferdita Goçi, Lana Ruvolo Grasser, Camila Guindalini, Magali Haas, Saskia Hagenaars, Michael A Hauser, Andrew C Heath, Sian M J Hemmings, Victor Hesselbrock, Ian B Hickie, Kelleigh Hogan, David Michael Hougaard, Hailiang Huang, Laura M Huckins, Kristian Hveem, Miro Jakovljević, Arash Javanbakht, Gregory D Jenkins, Jessica Johnson, Ian Jones, Tanja Jovanovic, Karen-Inge Karstoft, Milissa L Kaufman, James L Kennedy, Ronald C Kessler, Alaptagin Khan, Nathan A Kimbrel, Anthony P King, Nastassja Koen, Roman Kotov, Henry R Kranzler, Kristi Krebs, William S Kremen, Pei-Fen Kuan, Bruce R Lawford, Lauren A M Lebois, Kelli Lehto, Daniel F Levey, Catrin Lewis, Israel Liberzon, Sarah D Linnstaedt, Mark W Logue, Adriana Lori, Yi Lu, Benjamin J Luft, Michelle K Lupton, Jurjen J Luykx, Iouri Makotkine, Jessica L Maples-Keller, Shelby Marchese, Charles Marmar, Nicholas G Martin, Gabriela A Martínez-Levy, Kerrie McAloney, Alexander McFarlane, Katie A McLaughlin, Samuel A McLean, Sarah E Medland, Divya Mehta, Jacquelyn Meyers, Vasiliki Michopoulos, Elizabeth A Mikita, Lili Milani, William Milberg, Mark W Miller, Rajendra A Morey, Charles Phillip Morris, Ole Mors, Preben Bo Mortensen, Mary S Mufford, Elliot C Nelson, Merete Nordentoft, Sonya B Norman, Nicole R Nugent, Meaghan O'Donnell, Holly K Orcutt, Pedro M Pan, Matthew S Panizzon, Gita A Pathak, Edward S Peters, Alan L Peterson, Matthew Peverill, Robert H Pietrzak, Melissa A Polusny, Bernice Porjesz, Abigail Powers, Xue-Jun Qin, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Victoria B Risbrough, Andrea L Roberts, Alex O Rothbaum, Barbara O Rothbaum, Peter Roy-Byrne, Kenneth J Ruggiero, Ariane Rung, Heiko Runz, Bart P F Rutten, Stacey Saenz de Viteri, Giovanni Abrahão Salum, Laura Sampson, Sixto E Sanchez, Marcos Santoro, Carina Seah, Soraya Seedat, Julia S Seng, Andrey Shabalin, Christina M Sheerin, Derrick Silove, Alicia K Smith, Jordan W Smoller, Scott R Sponheim, Dan J Stein, Synne Stensland, Jennifer S Stevens, Jennifer A Sumner, Martin H Teicher, Wesley K Thompson, Arun K Tiwari, Edward Trapido, Monica Uddin, Robert J Ursano, Unnur Valdimarsdóttir, Miranda Van Hooff, Eric Vermetten, Christiaan H Vinkers, Joanne Voisey, Yunpeng Wang, Zhewu Wang, Monika Waszczuk, Heike Weber, Frank R Wendt, Thomas Werge, Michelle A Williams, Douglas E Williamson, Bendik S Winsvold, Sherry Winternitz, Christiane Wolf, Erika J Wolf, Yan Xia, Ying Xiong, Rachel Yehuda, Keith A Young, Ross McD Young, Clement C Zai, Gwyneth C Zai, Mark Zervas, Hongyu Zhao, Lori A Zoellner, John-Anker Zwart, Terri deRoon-Cassini, Sanne J H van Rooij, Leigh L van den Heuvel, Murray B Stein, Kerry J Ressler, Karestan C Koenen
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) genetics are characterized by lower discoverability than most other psychiatric disorders. The contribution to biological understanding from previous genetic studies has thus been limited. We performed a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across 1,222,882 individuals of European ancestry (137,136 cases) and 58,051 admixed individuals with African and Native American ancestry (13,624 cases). We identified 95 genome-wide significant loci (80 new)...
April 18, 2024: Nature Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38605440/alkbh5-mediated-m6a-demethylation-of-pri-mir-199a-5p-exacerbates-myocardial-ischemia-reperfusion-injury-by-regulating-traf3-mediated-pyroptosis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiarong Li, Zhirong Wang, Huayi Tan, Mi Tang
Myocardial ischemia‒reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is closely related to pyroptosis. alkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) is abnormally expressed in the MI/RI models. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of ALKBH5 in MI/RI has not been elucidated. In this study, rats and H9C2 cells served as experimental subjects and received MI/R induction and H/R induction, respectively. The abundance of the targeted molecules was evaluated using RT-qPCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay...
April 2024: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38597360/feruloylated-oligosaccharides-prevented-influenza-induced-lung-inflammation-via-the-rig-i-mavs-traf3-pathway
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Deng, Shu-Lei Wei, Lu Wang, Jun-Qing Huang
Uncontrolled inflammation contributes significantly to the mortality in acute respiratory infections. Our previous research has demonstrated that maize bran feruloylated oligosaccharides (FOs) possess notable anti-inflammatory properties linked to the NF-kB pathway regulation. In this study, we clarified that the oral administration of FOs moderately inhibited H1N1 virus infection and reduced lung inflammation in influenza-infected mice by decreasing a wide spectrum of cytokines (IFN-α, IFN-β, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-23) in the lungs...
April 10, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546066/impact-of-genetic-polymorphisms-in-nf-%C3%A4-b2-and-traf3-genes-on-response-to-bortezomib-based-therapy-in-multiple-myeloma-patients
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nidhi Sood, Abdoul Hamide, Biswajit Dubashi, Yadav Nisha, Jayanthi Mathaiyan, A K Munirajan, Prasanth Ganesn, Smita Kayal
BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma (MM), being the second most common hematological malignancy, has garnered significant attention. The ubiquitin proteasomal pathway (UPP), crucial for normal cell function, plays a pivotal role in myeloma pathophysiology, especially with the advent of bortezomib (BTZ). Dysregulation of the UPP has implications ranging from developmental abnormalities to cancer. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to delineate the clinical characteristics of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients and investigate the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NF-ĸB2 and TRAF3 genes on the risk and treatment response to bortezomib-based chemotherapy...
March 1, 2024: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: APJCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529285/exploring-type-i-interferon-pathway-virulent-vs-attenuated-strain-of-african-swine-fever-virus-revealing-a-novel-function-carried-by-mgf505-4r
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juliette Dupré, Mireille Le Dimna, Evelyne Hutet, Pascal Dujardin, Aurore Fablet, Aurélien Leroy, Isabelle Fleurot, Grégory Karadjian, Ferdinand Roesch, Ignacio Caballero, Olivier Bourry, Damien Vitour, Marie-Frédérique Le Potier, Grégory Caignard
African swine fever virus represents a significant reemerging threat to livestock populations, as its incidence and geographic distribution have surged over the past decade in Europe, Asia, and Caribbean, resulting in substantial socio-economic burdens and adverse effects on animal health and welfare. In a previous report, we described the protective properties of our newly thermo-attenuated strain (ASFV-989) in pigs against an experimental infection of its parental Georgia 2007/1 virulent strain. In this new study, our objective was to characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the attenuation of ASFV-989...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527707/circular-rna-circefnb2-promotes-cell-injury-after-cerebral-infarction-by-sponging-mir-202-5p-and-regulating-traf3-expression
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Limin Tu, Wei Cheng, Xudong Wang, Zhixin Li, Xing Li
BACKGROUND: Exogenous neural cell transplantation may be therapeutic for stroke, cerebral ischemic injury. Among other mechanisms, increasing findings indicated circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate the pathogenesis progression of cerebral ischemia. Mmu_circ_0015034 (circEfnb2) was upregulated in focal cortical infarction established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice. Our study was designed to probe the molecular mechanism of circEfnb2 in the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced neuronal damage in cerebral ischemia...
March 23, 2024: Transplant Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527692/hexavalent-chromium-exposure-activates-the-non-canonical-nuclear-factor-kappa-b-pathway-to-promote-immune-checkpoint-protein-programmed-death-ligand-1-expression-and-lung-carcinogenesis
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Po-Shun Wang, Zulong Liu, Osama Sweef, Abdullah Farhan Saeed, Thomas Kluz, Max Costa, Kenneth R Shroyer, Kazuya Kondo, Zhishan Wang, Chengfeng Yang
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide; however, the mechanism of lung carcinogenesis has not been clearly defined. Chronic exposure to hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], a common environmental and occupational pollutant, causes lung cancer, representing an important lung cancer etiology factor. The mechanism of how chronic Cr(VI) exposure causes lung cancer remains largely unknown. By using cell culture and mouse models and bioinformatics analyses of human lung cancer gene expression profiles, this study investigated the mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced lung carcinogenesis...
March 23, 2024: Cancer Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497291/regional-modulation-of-toll-like-receptor-signaling-pathway-genes-in-acute-epididymitis-in-mice
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandre D Andrade, Priscila G C Almeida, Noemia A P Mariani, Natalia C M Santos, Isabela A Camargo, Poliana V Martini, Helio Kushima, Dingding Ai, Maria Christina W Avellar, Andreas Meinhardt, Christiane Pleuger, Erick J R Silva
BACKGROUND: Region-specific immune environments in the epididymis influence the immune responses to uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infection, a relevant cause of epididymitis in men. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential to orchestrate immune responses against bacterial infections. The epididymis displays region-specific inflammatory responses to bacterial-derived TLR agonists, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS; TLR4 agonist) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA; TLR2/TLR6 agonist), suggesting that TLR-associated signaling pathways could influence the magnitude of inflammatory responses in epididymitis...
March 18, 2024: Andrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489541/traf3-regulation-of-proximal-tlr-signaling-in-b-cells
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tiffany K Ybarra, Gail A Bishop
Toll-like receptors are pattern recognition receptors that bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses and are critical for host defense. Most studies of Toll-like receptors have focused upon their roles in myeloid cells. B lymphocytes express most Toll-like receptors and are responsive to Toll-like receptor ligands, yet Toll-like receptor-mediated signaling in B cells is relatively understudied. This is an important knowledge gap, as Toll-like receptor functions can be cell type specific. In striking contrast to myeloid cells, TRAF3 inhibits TLR-mediated functions in B cells...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Leukocyte Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483060/siah1-modulates-antiviral-immune-responses-by-targeting-deubiquitinase-usp19
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asela Weerawardhana, Thilina U B Herath, W A Gayan Chathuranga, Tae-Hwan Kim, Pathum Ekanayaka, Kiramage Chathuranga, Ho-Chul Kang, Jae U Jung, Jong-Soo Lee
Tight control of the type I interferon (IFN) signaling pathway is critical for maintaining host innate immune responses, and the ubiquitination and deubiquitination of signaling molecules are essential for signal transduction. Deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protein 19 (USP19) is known to be involved in deubiquitinating Beclin1, TRAF3, and TRIF for downregulation of the type I IFN signaling. Here, we show that SIAH1, a cellular E3 ubiquitin ligase that is involved in multicellular pathway, is a potent positive regulator of virus-mediated type I IFN signaling that maintains homeostasis within the antiviral immune response by targeting USP19...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461876/functional-analysis-of-the-ube3a-response-in-japanese-flounder-paralichthys-olivaceus-to-csbv-infection
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huaxing Su, Yitong Zhang, Zhongwei He, Yucong Yang, Yuqin Ren, Wei Cao, Yufeng Liu, Jiangong Ren, Yufen Wang, Guixing Wang, Chunguang Gong, Jilun Hou
Ube3a is a member of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HECTc family, and its role has been established in neurodevelopmental disorders. However, studies on its role in Japanese flounder are scarce. Thus, in this study, the ube3a of Japanese flounder was cloned, and its role in conferring resistance against Chinook salmon bafnivirus (CSBV) was analyzed. Japanese flounder ube3a encoded a protein containing 834 amino acids. Interestingly, its homology with the Atlantic halibut was determined to be 94%. In addition, there were differential expressions of ube3a in different tissues of Japanese flounder, with the highest expression level observed in the fin, followed by the gills and skin (P ≤ 0...
March 8, 2024: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411947/rbm14-inhibits-the-replication-of-porcine-epidemic-diarrhea-virus-by-recruiting-p62-to-degrade-nucleocapsid-protein-through-the-activation-of-autophagy-and-interferon-pathway
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoquan Wang, Wu Tong, Xinyu Yang, Huanjie Zhai, Wenzhen Qin, Changlong Liu, Hao Zheng, Hai Yu, Guangzhi Tong, Zhendong Zhang, Ning Kong, Tongling Shan
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) results in PED, which is an infectious intestinal disease with the representative features of diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration. PEDV infects neonatal piglets, causing high mortality rates. Therefore, elucidating the interaction between the virus and host in preventing and controlling PEDV infection is of immense significance. We found a new antiviral function of the host protein, RNA-binding motif protein 14 (RBM14), which can inhibit PEDV replication via the activation of autophagy and interferon (IFN) signal pathways...
February 27, 2024: Journal of Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375157/construction-and-validation-of-a-rarres3-based-prognostic-signature-related-to-the-specific-immune-microenvironment-of-pancreatic-cancer
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yimeng Sun, Xiaoyan Wang, Lin Yao, Rong He, Changfeng Man, Yu Fan
BACKGROUND: Tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) is prognostically instructive in Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). However, the potential value of TiME-related genes in the individualized immunotherapy of PAAD has not been clarified. METHODS: Correlation between Immune-Related Genes (IRGs) and immune-related transcription factors (TFs) was performed to prove the immune correlation of selected genes. Immune-related molecular subtypes were identified by consensus clustering...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367916/fosl1-regulates-hyperproliferation-and-nlrp3-mediated-inflammation-of-psoriatic-keratinocytes-through-the-nf-kb-signaling-via-transcriptionally-activating-traf3
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Liang, Dan Han, Shaojun Zhang, Liang Sun
Psoriasis is a common and immune-mediated skin disease related to keratinocytes hyperproliferation and inflammation. Fos-like antigen-1 (FOSL1) is an important transcription factor involved in various diseases. FOSL1 has been reported to be differentially expressed in psoriasis. However, the roles and mechanism of FOSL1 in psoriasis progression remain largely unknown. FOSL1 is an upregulated transcription factor in psoriasis and increased in M5-treated HaCaT cells. FOSL1 had a diagnostic value in psoriasis, and positively associated with PASI score, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in psoriasis patients...
February 15, 2024: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Cell Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38354964/functional-analyses-of-traf6-gene-in-argopecten-scallops
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaotong Zhang, Xia Wang, Jieyu Chen, Min Chen, Xia Lu, Junhao Ning, Haijun Liu, Guilong Liu, Xin Xu, Xiaoxu Qu, Kai Yu, He Xu, Chunde Wang, Bo Liu
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor (TRAF) family has been reported to be involved in many immune pathways. In a previous study, we identified 5 TRAF genes, including TRAF2, 3, 4, 6, and 7, in the bay scallop (Argopecten irradians, Air) and the Peruvian scallop (Argopecten purpuratus, Apu). Since TRAF6 is a key molecular link in the TNF superfamily, we conducted a series of studies targeting the TRAF6 gene in the Air and Apu scallops as well as their hybrid progeny, Aip (Air ♀ × Apu ♂) and Api (Apu ♀ × Air ♂)...
February 12, 2024: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38218422/functional-characterization-of-rip2-in-large-yellow-croaker-larimichthys-crocea-a-protein-involved-in-the-host-antiviral-responses-via-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BA%C3%AE-irf3-7-related-signaling
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Jiang, Ying Li, Kai Qing Li, Ying Jia Shen, Fang Li, Yi Lei Wang, Yong Hua Jiang, Peng Fei Zou
As an adaptor protein functions essentially in the activation of NF-κΒ and MAPK signaling pathways mediated by NOD1 and NOD2, RIP2 plays important roles in the host innate immune responses. In the present study, the RIP2 ortholog termed Lc-RIP2 was identified and characterized in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). It was revealed that Lc-RIP2 is consisted of an open reading frame (ORF) of 1695 bp, encoding a protein of 564 aa, with an N-terminal kinase domain and a C-terminal caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD)...
January 11, 2024: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38213141/exploration-of-key-genes-combining-with-immune-infiltration-level-and-tumor-mutational-burden-in-hepatocellular-carcinoma
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Chen, Lu Zhang, Cui-Hua Lu, Chen-Zhou Xu
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy due to its heterogeneity and aggressive behavior. Recently, somatic mutations and tumor cell interactions with the surrounding tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) have been reported to participate in HCC carcinogenesis and predict HCC progression. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between tumor mutational burden (TMB) and TIME in HCC. Additionally, we sought to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with HCC prognosis and progression...
January 11, 2024: Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38206423/development-of-a-tlr-based-model-that-can-predict-prognosis-tumor-microenvironment-and-drug-response-for-esophageal-squamous-cell-carcinoma
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tao Cheng, Xiaolong Huang, Huiqin Yang, Jie Gu, Chunlai Lu, Cheng Zhan, Fengkai Xu, Di Ge
The toll-like receptor (TLR) family is an important class of proteins involved in the immune response. However, little is known about the association between TLRs and Esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). We explored differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ESCC and esophagus tissues in TCGA and GTEx database. By taking the intersection with TLR gene set and using univariate Cox analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis to discriminate the hub genes, we created a TLR-prognostic model. Our model separated patients with ESCC into high- and low-risk score (RS) groups...
January 11, 2024: Biochemical Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38146363/influence-of-polymorphisms-in-tnf-%C3%AE-and-il1%C3%AE-on-susceptibility-to-alcohol-induced-liver-diseases-and-therapeutic-potential-of-mir-124-3p-impeding-tnf-%C3%AE-il1%C3%AE-mediated-multi-cellular-signaling-in-liver-microenvironment
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Debanjali Dasgupta, Suchandrima Ghosh, Indrashish Dey, Swagata Majumdar, Saheli Chowdhury, Subhas Das, Sanjana Banerjee, Mehelana Saha, Amit Ghosh, Neelanjana Roy, Alak Manna, Sukanta Ray, Shaleen Agarwal, Pradeep Bhaumik, Simanti Datta, Abhijit Chowdhury, Soma Banerjee
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the leading cause of the liver cirrhosis related death worldwide. Excessive alcohol consumption resulting enhanced gut permeability which trigger sensitization of inflammatory cells to bacterial endotoxins and induces secretion of cytokines, chemokines leading to activation of stellate cells, neutrophil infiltration and hepatocyte injury followed by steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. But all chronic alcoholics are not susceptible to ALD...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
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