Aortopulmonary window

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the most common cause of hypercalcaemia and is caused by a single parathyroid adenoma in the neck in 85% or more of patients. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines published in May 2019 advise that preoperative imaging is offered prior to parathyroid surgery for PHPT if it will inform surgical approach. If imaging, typically a neck ultrasound and a second modality that may use ionising radiation, does not identify the adenoma or is discordant, it is advised that surgery is performed by a surgeon with expertise in the management of unlocalised parathyroid disease...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to present our experience regarding the creation of an aortopulmonary window as the initial palliative procedure. METHODS: Between February 2016 and February 2021, a total of eight patients (3 males, 5 females; median age: 2 months; range, 0.7 to 6 months) who underwent aortopulmonary window creation were retrospectively analyzed. Data collection was performed by review from our institution. RESULTS: There was no occurrence of early or late mortality in any patient...

Heart failure in tetralogy of Fallot in the newborn period is rare and is usually due to either large aortopulmonary collaterals or absent pulmonary valve syndrome with severe pulmonary regurgitation. Pink tetralogy of Fallot and tetralogy of Fallot with disconnected pulmonary arteries from the aorta may present beyond the newborn period with heart failure when Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) falls. We describe the diagnostic and therapeutic pathway in a rare case of heart failure in newborn with tetralogy of Fallot...

Dysphonia is a common presenting symptom to the outpatient ear, nose and throat team and the need to have a systematic approach to its investigation and management is imperative. Red flag features combined with clinical examination including flexible nasoendoscopy will help to identify laryngeal causes of dysphonia. Vocal cord palsy can have both laryngeal and extralaryngeal aetiologies including Ortner's syndrome. We present a case where a woman in her 70s was referred with persistent hoarseness, found to have an isolated vocal cord palsy with CT scan revealing a very large hiatus hernia producing mass effect at the aortopulmonary window with no other pathology identified...

Tetralogy of Fallot with an aortopulmonary window and double aortic arch is very rare. This complex coexistence may be over a wide clinical spectrum. Herein, we present an asymptomatic 8-day-old infant who was diagnosed as having tetralogy of Fallot, double aortic arch, and an aortopulmonary window using transthoracic echocardiography while being examined for microcephaly.

We report a case of a 2-day-old male with a diagnosis of interrupted aortic arch combined with aortopulmonary window suspected through echocardiography and confirmed by multidetector computer tomography (MDCT) angiography. Our case highlights how MDCT angiography was a key factor in planning surgical approach as it not only accurately defined aortic arch anatomy but also aortopulmonary window morphology.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

AIM: The present study sought to evaluate the morphology and associated cardiovascular anomalies in patients with aortopulmonary window on virtual dissection of multidetector computed tomography (CT) angiography data sets. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective search of our departmental database from January 2014 to September 2021 to identify patients with aortopulmonary window and relevant information was extracted from the electronic case records and from routine examination as well as virtual dissection of CT data sets...

The combination of aortopulmonary window, interruption of the aortic arch, and anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta is a rare and complex congenital cardiac malformation. Despite good prenatal care in our case, this cardiac anomaly was not detected prior to birth. Untreated infants who do not undergo surgical correction have a mortality rate of 70% in their first year, and 30% will die within the first 3 months of life.

Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) associated with an aortopulmonary window (APW) is a rare cardiac malformation that needs an immediate diagnosis after birth and surgical treatment to avoid irreversible pulmonary lesions. Herein, we describe a case of successful staged treatment of premature neonate using many operative procedures. The first stage was stenting of patent ductus arteriosus with banding of pulmonary artery branches using a hybrid approach. At the age of one, he underwent total correction of malformation using Gore-Tex patch...

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovocal or Ortner's syndrome is a rare cause of vocal cord paralysis. Damage to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve may be caused by an aortic arch aneurysm, in even rarer cases. CLINICAL CASE: A 60-year-old woman presented with hoarseness lasting for six months. Paralysis of the left vocal cord was confirmed with laryngoscopy and an aortic arch aneurysm was diagnosed on chest CT. Despite correction of the aortic aneurysm, her hoarseness did not improve...

The calcification of ligamentum arteriosum occurs after the normal closure of the ductus arteriosus. Foreign body ingestion is a common event in the pediatric age, and it is frequently addressed in the Emergency Room. We report a case of foreign body in a patient with unknown calcification of the ligamentum arteriosum. His parents noted blood in the saliva, but he had no symptoms indicative of an acute clinical situation. The CT showed a hyperdense object in the aorto-pulmonary window with features compatible with a metallic object...

We reported a case of a 14-year-old tetralogy of Fallot/pulmonary atresia patient, where a rare tubular aortopulmonary communication between the arterial trunks allowed for well-growth of the pulmonary vasculature. The patient underwent successful one-stage unifocalization, right ventricle-pulmonary artery conduit and ventricular septal defect closure. The tubular communication was considered an aortopulmonary window as opposed to the major aortopulmonary collateral, based on its exclusively intrapericardial course...

Anomalous ascending aortic origin of left pulmonary artery in association with aortopulmonary window has not been reported so far in literature and is the main highlight of the present case.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Conotruncal anomalies, also referred to as outflow tract anomalies, are congenital heart defects that result from abnormal septation of the great vessels' outflow tracts. The major conotruncal anomalies include tetralogy of Fallot, double-outlet right ventricle, transposition of the great arteries, truncus arteriosus, and interrupted aortic arch. Other defects, which are often components of the major anomalies, include pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect, pulmonary valve agenesis, aortopulmonary window, and double-outlet left ventricle...

We report a case of a 1-year-old patient with aortopulmonary window, anomalous right coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery, and a large perimembranous ventricular septal defect. Computed tomography was successful in diagnosing the coronary anomaly and the case was managed surgically with an intrapulmonary baffle, rerouting the right coronary ostium to the aortic root and a fenestrated patch closure of the ventricular septal defect. Pre-operative diagnosis and thorough planning were essential for the successful outcome of this case...

Late presentation of aortopulmonary window (APW) beyond infancy is uncommon and many of these cases are inoperable due to development of progressive pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger syndrome. Outcome data in this cohort is thus sparse and the aim of this study was to analyze the outcomes in patients with APW operable beyond 1 year of age. Between September 2016 and March 2020, in a single center, 12 consecutive patients older than 1 year, undergoing surgery for APW, were included in the study. The median age and weight at presentation were 7...

Aortopulmonary window is a rare congenital heart disease. It results from incomplete separation of the aorta and pulmonary artery at the conotruncal septum. It accounts for 0.2%-0.6% of all congenital cardiac defects. Closure should be done in all cases. We present the case of a 12-month-old female child with a large aortopulmonary window, complicated by severe pulmonary hypertension. Cardiac catheterization was performed and showed pulmonary vascular resistance 3 Woods units. Ascending aortography showed a large aortopulmonary window measuring 5 mm...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare both the pericardial roll technique with the patch augmentation technique of the unifocalization, and single-stage complete repair with the unifocalization and shunt for the repair of the ventricular septal defect, pulmonary atresia, and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of the 48 patients undergoing unifocalization of the ventricular septal defect, pulmonary atresia, and major aorticopulmonary collateral arteries from a single center...