GMO

The EU's regulatory framework for genetically modified organisms (GMOs) was developed for "classical" transgenic GMOs, yet advancements in so-called "new genomic techniques (NGTs)" have led to implementation challenges regarding detection and identification. As traceability can complement detection and identification strategies, improvements to the existing traceability strategy for GMOs are investigated in this study. Our results are based on a comprehensive analysis of existing traceability systems for globally traded agricultural products, with a focus on soy...

Peas ( Pisum sativum L.) have a potential commercial value because of their high protein content, non-GMO status, low allergenicity. This study examined changes in the digestion and absorption properties of enzyme-modified and fermented pea protein (EFPP) produced through enzymatic treatment of pea protein and fermentation with lactic acid bacteria. EFPP was digested 22.50% more than isolated pea protein (IPP) during the first 15 min in vitro digestion model. Based on the Caco-2 cell monolayer model, EFPP showed 38...

The continuous evolution of molecular biology and gene synthesis methods paired with an ever-increasing potential of synthetic biology approaches and genome engineering toolkits enables the rapid design of genetic bioparts and genetically modified organisms. Although various software solutions assist with specific design tasks and challenges, lab internal documentation and ensuring compliance with governmental regulations on biosafety assessment of the generated organisms remain the responsibility of individual academic researchers...

The major dangerous viral infection for cultivated shrimps is WSSV. The virus is extremely dangerous, spreads swiftly, and may result in up to 100% mortality in 3-10 days. The vast wrapped double stranded DNA virus known as WSSV describes a member of the Nimaviridae viral family's species Whispovirus. It impacts a variety of crustacean hosts but predominantly marine shrimp species that are raised for commercial purposes. The entire age groups are affected by the virus, which leads to widespread mortality...

Following the submission of dossier GMFF-2022-9450 under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 from Bayer Agriculture BV, the Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms of the European Food Safety Authority was asked to deliver a scientific risk assessment on the data submitted in the context of the renewal of authorisation application for the insect protected genetically modified maize MON 810, for food and feed uses (including pollen), excluding cultivation within the European Union. The data received in the context of this renewal application contained post-market environmental monitoring reports, an evaluation of the literature retrieved by a scoping review, additional studies performed by or on behalf of the applicant and updated bioinformatics analyses...

Genetically modified maize DP23211 was developed to confer control of certain coleopteran pests and tolerance to glufosinate-containing herbicide. These properties were achieved by introducing the pmi , mo-pat , ipd072Aa and DvSSJ1 expression cassettes. The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses do not identify issues requiring food/feed safety assessment. None of the identified differences in the agronomic/phenotypic and compositional characteristics tested between maize DP23211 and its conventional counterpart needs further assessment, except for those in levels of histidine, phenylalanine, magnesium, phosphorus and folic acid in grain, which do not raise safety and nutritional concerns...

Genetically modified maize DP915635 was developed to confer tolerance to glufosinate herbicide and resistance to corn rootworm pests. These properties were achieved by introducing the ipd079Ea, mo-pat and pmi expression cassettes. The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses do not identify issues requiring food/feed safety assessment. None of the identified differences in the agronomic/phenotypic and compositional characteristics tested between maize DP915635 and its conventional counterpart needs further assessment, except for the levels of crude protein in forage, which does not raise nutritional and safety concerns...

The term new genomic techniques (NGTs) is an umbrella term used to describe a variety of techniques that can alter the genetic material of an organism and that have emerged or have been developed since 2001, when the existing genetically modified organism (GMO) legislation was adopted. The analytical framework used to detect GMOs in Europe is an established single harmonized procedure that is mandatory for the authorization of GM food and feed, thus generating a reliable, transparent, and effective labeling scheme for GMO products...

Pea protein has attracted widespread attention due to its high nutritional value, low allergenicity, non-GMO status, and broad availability. However, compared to animal proteins, pea protein has inferior functional properties, which limits its application in the food industry. This study used pea protein isolate (PPI) as the main raw material and investigated the effects of high-pressure homogenization (HPH), ultrasonic treatment (US), and the combination of the two in different orders on the structure and function of PPI...

Mycorrhization has been an integral part of plants since colonization by the early land plants. Over decades, substantial research has highlighted its potential role in improving nutritional efficiency and growth, development and survival of crop plants. However, the focus of this review is trees. Evidence have been provided to explain ecological and physiological significance of mycorrhization in trees. Advances in recent technologies (e.g., metagenomics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, agricultural drones) may open new windows to apply this knowledge in promoting tree growth in forest ecosystems...

Using high-throughput metagenomics on commercial microbial fermentation products, DNA from a new unauthorized genetically modified microorganism (GMM), namely the GM B. licheniformis strain producing alpha-amylase (GMM alpha-amylase2), was recently discovered and characterized. On this basis, a new qPCR method targeting an unnatural association of sequences specific to the GMM alpha-amylase2 strain was designed and developed in this study, allowing to strengthen the current GMM detection strategy. The performance of the newly developed qPCR method was assessed for its specificity and sensitivity to comply with the minimum performance requirements established by the European Network of GMO Laboratories for GMO analysis...

The self-assembly and surface adsorption of glycerol monooleate (GMO) in n -dodecane are studied using a combination of experimental and molecular dynamics simulation techniques. The self-assembly of GMO to form reverse micelles, with and without added water, is studied using small-angle neutron scattering and simulations. A large-scale simulation is also used to investigate the self-assembly kinetics. GMO adsorption onto iron oxide is studied using depletion isotherms, neutron reflectometry, and simulations...

Narrow-head ragwort ( Ligularia stenocephala (Maxim.) Matsum. & Koidz.) has been used for medicinal purposes and a leafy vegetable in South Korea (Choi et al., 2007; Debnath et al., 2017). In May 2022, brown spots and blight were observed on the leaves in a farmer's field in Namwon (35°26'58.9"N, 127°28'55.9"E), Korea. About 80% of the plants in a 3000 m2 cultivation area were infected. To isolate the causal agent, small pieces (1 mm2 ) surface-sterilized (1% NaOCl for 1 min) symptomatic leaf tissues were put onto a water agar (WA) plate and incubated in the dark at 25℃...

With the vigorous development of biotechnology, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have become more and more common. In order to effectively supervise and administrate them, the rapid and accurate detection of GMOs is urgently demanded. Here, GMO gene-specific sensing methods based on colorimetry and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) were proposed based on the lateral branch cleavage function of the CRISPR/Cas12a system. Two transgenes, pCaMV35S and M810 Cry1Ab, were chosen as targets for transgenic crops...

Aim: The primary objective of the research was to develop a cubosomal in situ gel encapsulated with Triamcinolone acetonide (TCA) in order to enhance its penetration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) when administered via the intranasal route, thus enabling efficient and rapid action. Method: Cubosomes were formulated by top-down approach using glyceryl monooleate (GMO), using pluronics127 (PF127) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in varying proportions based on the Box-Behnken design. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) analysis confirmed the morphology of the cubosomes...

With the rapid development and commercialization of industrial genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs), public concerns regarding their potential effects are on the rise. It is imperative to promptly monitor the unintended release of viable GMMs into wastewater, the air, and the surrounding ecosystems to prevent the risk of horizontal gene transfer to native microorganisms. In this study, we have developed a method that combines propidium monoazide (PMA) with a dual-plex quantitative PCR (qPCR) approach based on TaqMan probes...

It is now widely accepted that dairy cow performance is influenced by both the host genome and rumen microbiome composition. The contributions of the genome and the microbiome to the phenotypes of interest are quantified by heritability (h2 ) and microbiability (m2 ), respectively. However, if the genome and microbiome are included in the model, then the heritability reflects only the contribution of the direct genetic effects quantified as direct heritability (hd 2 ), and the holobiont effect reflects the joint action of the genome and the microbiome, quantified as the holobiability (ho2 )...

Fungal infections of skin including mycoses are one of the most common infections in skin or skins. Mycosis is caused by dermatophytes, non-dermatophyte moulds and yeasts. Various studies show different drugs to treat mycoses, yet there is need to treat it with applied drugs delivery. This study was designed to prepare a bio curcumin (CMN) nanoemulsion (CMN-NEs) for transdermal administration to treat mycoses. The self-nanoemulsification approach was used to prepare a nanoemulsion (NE), utilizing an oil phase consisting of Cremophor EL 100 (Cre EL), glyceryl monooleate (GMO), and polyethylene glycol 5000 (PEG 5000)...

Paclitaxel (PTX) is a hydrophobic small-molecule cancer drug that loads into the membrane (tail) region of lipid carriers such as liposomes and micelles. The development of improved lipid-based carriers of PTX is an important objective to generate chemotherapeutics with fewer side effects. The lipids 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) and glyceryl monooleate (GMO) show propensity for fusion with other lipid membranes, which has led to their use in lipid vectors of nucleic acids. We hypothesized that DOPE and GMO could enhance PTX delivery to cells through a similar membrane fusion mechanism...

Recent advances in molecular biology and genetic engineering have made it possible to increase agricultural yields when compared to conventional methods. However, lots of challenges are to be addressed due to changing climatic conditions. Although genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have proven their potential in a few crops, but needs to be explored in majority of the field/vegetable crops to overcome food and nutritional security in view of alarming population explosion. In spite of advantages from GMO crops due to the presence of foreign DNA, queries regarding their safety, environmental dangers and health effects needs to be addressed...