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https://read.qxmd.com/read/38333261/anaphylactic-shock-following-the-mad-honey-consumption-a-case-report
#1
Bhaskar Jha, Apurwa Jha, Shailendra Karki, Pooja Kc, Anish Pandey, Abishkar Ghimire, Bimarsh Acharya
INTRODUCTION: Mad honey consumption is a common practice in Nepal for medicinal and consumption purposes, but it can lead to severe adverse effects. Grayanotoxin I and Grayanotoxin III isoforms found in rhododendron interfere with voltage-gated sodium channels resulting in gastrointestinal symptoms, and cardiovascular effects such as low blood pressure, abnormal heart rhythms, cardiac arrest, and abnormal electrical conduction in the heart, as well as rare central nervous system disorders...
February 2024: Annals of Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38077416/transcriptome-analysis-unveils-the-mechanisms-of-lipid-metabolism-response-to-grayanotoxin-i-stress-in-spodoptera-litura
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Zhou, Yong-Mei Wu, Rong Fan, Jiang Ouyang, Xiao-Long Zhou, Zi-Bo Li, Muhammad Usman Janjua, Hai-Gang Li, Mei-Hua Bao, Bin-Sheng He
BACKGROUND: Spodoptera litura (tobacco caterpillar, S. litura ) is a pest of great economic importance due to being a polyphagous and world-distributed agricultural pest. However, agricultural practices involving chemical pesticides have caused resistance, resurgence, and residue problems, highlighting the need for new, environmentally friendly methods to control the spread of S. litura . AIM: This study aimed to investigate the gut poisoning of grayanotoxin I, an active compound found in Pieris japonica , on S...
2023: PeerJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37427211/mad-honey-poisoning-presenting-with-syncopal-attack-a-case-report
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abinash Baniya, Prabin Duwadee, Sujata K C, Manoj Shahi, Nabaraj Shrestha, Prabin K Bam, Bipana Gurung, Roshan Shrestha
UNLABELLED: Mad honey contains grayanotoxin, which is commonly derived from the nectar of a few Rhododendron species. It is commonly used by natives of the Himalayas in the belief of its medicinal use. CASE PRESENTATION: The authors report a case of 62 years old male with mad honey poisoning who was presented to the emergency department with loss of consciousness and had bradycardia and hypotension on arrival. The patient received intravenous fluids, atropine, and vasopressor support and was closely monitored in the coronary care unit for 48 h...
July 2023: Annals of Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37255894/mad-honey-and-the-poisoner-king-a-case-of-mass-grayanotoxin-poisoning-in-the-roman-military
#4
REVIEW
Matthew D Turner
We describe an episode of mass poisoning during the ancient Third Mithridatic War. In a brutal and well-planned ambush, forces from the Kingdom of Pontus destroyed a Roman column through the clever use of "mad honey." Incapacitated by the acute poisoning, the Romans were unable to hold off the Pontic forces. We conclude that the debilitating symptoms that the Roman soldiers experienced were due to the presence of grayanotoxins in the honey. Although they were likely self-limiting, developing these symptoms in an enemy ambush made a lethal combination...
April 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37149121/grayanotoxin-i-variation-across-tissues-and-species-of-rhododendron-suggest-pollinator-herbivore-defence-trade-offs
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Róisín Fattorini, Paul A Egan, James Rosindell, Iain W Farrell, Philip C Stevenson
Grayanotoxin I (GTX I) is a major toxin in leaves of Rhododendron species, where it provides a defence against insect and vertebrate herbivores. Surprisingly, it is also present in R. ponticum nectar, and this can hold important implications for plant-pollinator mutualisms. However, knowledge of GTX I distributions across the genus Rhododendron and in different plant materials is currently limited, despite the important ecological function of this toxin. Here we characterise GTX I expression in the leaves, petals, and nectar of seven Rhododendron species...
May 4, 2023: Phytochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37086424/worldwide-distribution-and-clinical-characteristics-of-mad-honey-poisoning-cases
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdülkadir Gunduz, Perihan Şimşek, Faik Ahmet Ayaz
OBJECTIVES: Mad honey poisoning is a common public health problem that can be seen in many parts of the world. In this study, the symptoms and clinical findings of mad honey poisoning cases and their distribution worldwide were investigated based on current data. METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were searched. The demographic characteristics of the cases, clinical findings, amount of consumed honey, duration of hospitalization, and data of the region where mad honey was produced were recorded...
March 2023: Central European Journal of Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36970201/rhodojaponin-vi-indirectly-targets-cav2-2-channels-via-n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-fusion-protein-to-alleviate-neuropathic-pain
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keliang Chen, Tao Wang, Yong Li, Jun Wu, Cheng-Xiao Zhao, Sheng Liu, Fengrun Sun, Yehong Fang, Jiahuan Hu, Jinping Hu, Chong-Jing Zhang, Haibo Yu, Chao Ma, Shi-Shan Yu
Neuropathic pain is a chronic disease that severely afflicts the life and emotional status of patients, but currently available treatments are often ineffective. Novel therapeutic targets for the alleviation of neuropathic pain are urgently needed. Rhodojaponin VI, a grayanotoxin from Rhododendron molle , showed remarkable antinociceptive efficacy in models of neuropathic pain, but its biotargets and mechanisms are unknown. Given the reversible action of rhodojaponin VI and the narrow range over which its structure can be modified, we perforwmed thermal proteome profiling of the rat dorsal root ganglion to determine the protein target of rhodojaponin VI...
March 2023: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36875862/risks-for-human-health-related-to-the-presence-of-grayanotoxins-in-certain-honey
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dieter Schrenk, Margherita Bignami, Laurent Bodin, James Kevin Chipman, Jesús Del Mazo, Bettina Grasl-Kraupp, Christer Hogstrand, Laurentius Ron Hoogenboom, Jean-Charles Leblanc, Carlo Stefano Nebbia, Elsa Nielsen, Evangelia Ntzani, Annette Petersen, Salomon Sand, Tanja Schwerdtle, Christiane Vleminckx, Birgit Dusemund, Andrew Hart, Patrick Mulder, Barbara Viviani, Maria Anastassiadou, Claudia Cascio, Francesca Riolo, Heather Wallace
The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for human health of the presence of grayanotoxins (GTXs) in 'certain honey' from Ericaceae plants. The risk assessment included all structurally related grayananes occurring with GTXs in 'certain' honey. Oral exposure is associated with acute intoxication in humans. Acute symptoms affect the muscles, nervous and cardiovascular systems. These may lead to complete atrioventricular block, convulsions, mental confusion, agitation, syncope and respiratory depression...
March 2023: EFSA journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36682149/highly-oxygenated-grayanane-diterpenoids-with-structural-diversity-from-the-flowers-of-rhododendron-dauricum-and-their-analgesic-activities
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanyuan Feng, Hanqi Zhang, Biao Gao, Guijuan Zheng, Suqin Zha, Guangmin Yao
Twenty-eight grayanane diterpenoids (1-28) including 13 new ones, named daublossomins A-M (1-13), and two new natural products, 3-O-acetylgrayanotoxin II (14) and 10-epi-grayanotoxin III (15), were isolated from the flowers of Rhododendron dauricum L. (Ericaceae). Their structures were elucidated by means of comprehensive spectroscopic methods and quantum chemical calculations (13 C NMR-DP4+ analysis and calculated ECD), and the absolute configurations of ten grayanane diterpenoids 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 22, 23, 25, 27, and 28 were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis...
January 16, 2023: Bioorganic Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36254809/third-degree-atrioventricular-block-caused-by-intoxication-with-rhododendron-leaves
#10
Liu Jiang, Lin Zhanxiong, Yao Fengcai, Liang Fuli, Su Xiaoling
We report the case of a 41-year-old human with third-degree atrioventricular block caused due to intoxication with water concoction prepared from Rhododendron leaves. Such poisoning is rare. It is prone to arrhythmia with hemodynamic instability and is confused with various diseases. For these reasons, the correct diagnosis and treatment of this poisoning are particularly important. We confirmed it by analyzing the remaining liquid carried by the family members. After symptomatic and supportive treatment, the patient was discharged uneventfully...
March 2023: Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35948141/the-efficacy-and-toxicity-of-grayanoids-as-analgesics-a-systematic-review
#11
REVIEW
Jian Yang, Jingyi Zhao, Jiquan Zhang
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Grayanoids are natural diterpenoids that are mostly found in the Ericaceae family, such as Rhododendron molle (Blume) G. Don (Relevant herb: nao yang hua), Rhododendron micranthum Turcz (also known as: zhao shan bai), which have traditionally been used to treat abdominal pain, cephalgia, and rheumatoid arthritis. AIMS OF THE REVIEW: The review investigated advancements in notable anti-nociception, toxicity, and probable mechanisms of grayanoids...
August 7, 2022: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35871991/confirmed-grayanotoxin-poisoning-with-bradycardia-from-a-gift-of-imported-honey
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philip DiSalvo, Ciril Khorolsky, Mike Filigenzi, Robert Poppenga, Robert S Hoffman
BACKGROUND: Human grayanotoxin poisoning is distinctly uncommon in North America, as the predominant source of human exposure is honey made by bees pollinating rhododendron species in the Mediterranean. We present a case of confirmed grayanotoxin poisoning from honey imported from Turkey. CASE REPORT: A 61-year-old man developed nausea, lightheadedness, and lost consciousness. Onset was 30 min after the ingestion of honey that was brought to the United States from Turkey...
August 2022: Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35781831/-a-taste-of-honey-rare-cause-of-syncope-associated-with-junctional-rhythm
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sven Grauthoff, Timo Gottschling, Anja These, Daniel Möller, Georg Nölker
We present a rare reversible cause of bradycardia. A 49-year-old man who suffered from syncope was administered to our emergency department. In preclinical ECG recordings, a sinus node arrest was documented. All following examinations documented normal sinus node function. Finally, grayanotoxin poisoning, which can be present in honey from the Black Sea region, was proven. A pacemaker implantation could be avoided in this reversible cause of bradyarrhythmia.
July 4, 2022: Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35551667/dried-rhododendron-flower-ingestion-presenting-with-bradycardia-and-hypotension-a-case-report
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sushil Baral, Binaya Kumar Baral, Pranit Sharma, Surendra Lal Shrestha
BACKGROUND: Rhododendron toxicity can be a life-threatening situation when manifested; it results in bradycardia and hypotension. Treatment remains challenging when it is complicated with refractory hypotension involving the multiorgan system if not treated early. CASE PRESENTATION: A 33-year-old Magar male presented with history of ingestion of two handfuls of white rhododendron flower. He had ingested the flowers believing that it would help relieve the pain and remove the materials stuck in his food pipe...
May 13, 2022: Journal of Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35534264/-toxicity-mechanism-of-rhododendri-mollis-flos-based-on-serum-metabolomics-and-network-toxicology
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao-Hong Guo, Meng-Jun Huang, Li-Juan Wang, Qiang Ran, Sen Yang, Wen-Hui Wu, Xiao-Qiong Zhang, You-Ping Liu
This study aims to explore the toxicity mechanism of Rhododendri Mollis Flos(RMF) based on serum metabolomics and network toxicology. The toxic effect of RMF on normal rats was evaluated according to the symptoms, serum biochemical indexes, and histopathology. Serum metabolomics was combined with multivariate statistical analysis to search endogenous differential metabolites and related metabolic pathways. The toxic components, targets, and signaling pathways of RMF were screened by network toxicology technique, and the component-target-metabolite-metabolic pathway network was established with the help of serum metabolomics...
April 2022: Zhongguo Zhong Yao za Zhi, Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi, China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35491597/pollinator-selection-against-toxic-nectar-as-a-key-facilitator-of-a-plant-invasion
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul A Egan, Philip C Stevenson, Jane C Stout
Plant compounds associated with herbivore defence occur widely in floral nectar and can impact pollinator health. We showed previously that Rhododendron ponticum nectar contains grayanotoxin I (GTX I) at concentrations that are lethal or sublethal to honeybees and a solitary bee in the plant's non-native range in Ireland. Here we further examined this conflict and tested the hypotheses that nectar GTX I is subject to negative pollinator-mediated selection in the non-native range, but that phenotypic linkage between GTX I levels in nectar and leaves acts as a constraint on independent evolution...
June 20, 2022: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34839979/natural-plant-toxins-in-honey-an-ignored-threat-to-human-health
#17
REVIEW
Sha Yan, Kai Wang, Yahya Al Naggar, Yvan Vander Heyden, Lingling Zhao, Liming Wu, Xiaofeng Xue
Consumers often believe that "natural food" is harmless, however naturally occurring toxins in food represent a health risk to humans. Honey as a natural, nutritious sweetener, is one of the most commonly consumed foods throughout the world. However, food safety concerns for honey arise when honeybees collect nectar from poisonous plants such as Rhododendron sp., Coriaria arborea, and Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. Such honey contains natural plant toxins. Humans may develop intoxication symptoms after consuming toxic honey; in some cases, it can be fatal...
February 15, 2022: Journal of Hazardous Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34422502/mad-honey-poisoning-case-series-presenting-with-ecg-findings-including-atrioventricular-complete-block-and-symptomatic-hypotension
#18
Mehmet Sami Islamoglu, Mehmet Dokur, Kanan Talibli, Betul Borku Uysal, Emrah Ozdemir
Plants belonging to the Ericaceae family, which grow endemically in some parts of the world, contain grayanotoxin, which causes fatal bradyarrhythmia and circulatory collapse. Mad honey, which comes from plants with grayanotoxin, has various uses, namely, as an aphrodisiac, as an alternative therapy for GI disorders such as peptic ulcer, dyspepsia, and gastritis, and as a treatment for hypertension. However, GI, neurological and cardiac side effects may arise from its ingestion due to the grayanotoxin contained by this type of honey...
August 2021: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34125412/evaluation-of-electrocardiographic-parameters-and-the-presence-of-interatrial-block-in-patients-with-mad-honey-intoxication
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Altuğ Ösken, Ercan Aydın, Kazım Serhan Özcan, Selçuk Yaylacı
Mad honey intoxication (MHI) is a food-induced clinical condition that usually presents with cardiovascular symptoms and can lead to life-threatening arrhythmias if not diagnosed and treated early. No data exist in the literature on the presence of interatrial block (IAB) after food intoxication. In our study, we sought to investigate atrioventricular electrocardiography (ECG) parameters and determine the frequency of IAB in patients with MHI. In total, 76 patients diagnosed with MHI were included in our retrospective study...
June 14, 2021: Cardiovascular Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34100323/investigation-of-genotoxic-effects-of-rhododendron-honey-using-three-mammalian-bioassays-in-vivo
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pinar Goc Rasgele, Fulya Dilek Gokalp, Salih Tunc Kaya, Meral Kekecoglu, Merve Kambur Acar
Rhododendron honey (RH) is obtained from the rhododendron plants are grown in many regions around the world, causes poisoning in humans due to the grayanotoxin (GTX) compound in its structure. It is used by the public as a therapeutic for some diseases. It was aimed to study the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of RH in mouse bone-marrow and sperm cells by using three mammalian bioassays. 25, 50 and 75 mg kg-1 concentrations of RH given to male mice via gavage for 24 and 48 h treatment periods and its active ingredient Grayanatoxin (GTX-III) 0...
June 8, 2021: Drug and Chemical Toxicology
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