Prostate cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer

OBJECTIVE: To report urinary bother, urinalysis changes, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) over 2 years for subjects enrolled in a phase I dose-escalation trial (NCT02324582) of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in combination with systemic pembrolizumab for recurrent or persistent high-grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HGNMIBC). METHODS: Eighteen patients consented to the study. Five were screen failures. Clinical activity was determined using cystoscopy and cytology with a biopsy of suspicious lesions...

The study of urinary peptidome is an important area of research, which concerns the characterization of endogenous peptides, as well as the identification of biomarkers for a wide range of socially significant diseases. First of all, this relates to renal and genitourinary pathologies and/or pathologies associated with proteinuria, such as kidney diseases, bladder, prostate and ovarian cancers, diabetic nephropathy, and pre-eclampsia. Unlike proteins, peptides do not require proteolytic hydrolysis, can be analyzed in their native form and can provide certain information about occurring (patho)physiological processes...

BACKGROUND: Although a survival benefit was observed in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) who underwent cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN), there is a lack of effective tools for predicting which individuals are likely to benefit from surgical intervention. Herein, we developed a predictive model using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with mRCC were screened from the SEER database (2010-2020), supplemented by patients from East Asia...

BACKGROUND: Our understanding of patient experiences with prostate cancer testing for diagnosis and surveillance is limited. The aim of this study was to collaborate with patients and clinicians to understand their lived experience and unmet needs around the early detection, diagnosis and monitoring (active surveillance) of prostate cancer. METHODS: Two focus groups were held with patients (n = 20) and healthcare professionals (n = 16), to identify the main challenges in prostate cancer detection, diagnosis, and monitoring...

BACKGROUND: We rapidly implemented a telemedicine Multidisciplinary Urologic Cancer Clinic (MDUCC) at the University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance during the peak of the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency to maintain our ability to provide multidisciplinary cancer care. We report our experiences though assessment of patient-reported outcomes from our telemedicine MDUCC. METHODS: Video visits with a urologic oncologist, medical oncologist, and radiation oncologist were conducted in the same format as our in-person MDUCC...

Among the various natural compounds used in alternative and Oriental medicine, toxins isolated from different organisms have had their application for many years, and Apis mellifera venom has been studied the most extensively. Numerous studies dealing with the positive assets of bee venom (BV) indicated its beneficial properties. The usage of bee products to prevent the occurrence of diseases and for their treatment is often referred to as apitherapy and is based mainly on the experience of the traditional system of medical practice in diverse ethnic communities...

Urinary tract cancers, including those of the bladder, the kidneys, and the prostate, represent over 12% of all cancers, with significant global incidence and mortality rates. The continuous challenge that these cancers present necessitates the development of innovative diagnostic and prognostic methods, such as identifying specific biomarkers indicative of cancer. Biomarkers, which can be genes, proteins, metabolites, or lipids, are vital for various clinical purposes including early detection and prognosis...

BACKGROUND: The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on cancer has yet to be fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cancer. METHODS: We searched the PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases up to July 15, 2023, to identify eligible randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials that lasted at least ≥24 weeks. The primary outcome was the overall cancer incidence, and the secondary outcomes were the incidences of various types of cancer...

BACKGROUND: Bladder, kidney and prostate cancers make significant contributors to cancer burdens. Exploring their cross-country inequalities may inform equitable strategies to meet the 17 sustainable development goals before 2030. METHODS: We analyzed age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years (ASDALY) rates for the three cancers based on Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019. We quantified the inequalities using slope index of inequality (SII, absolute measure) and concentration index (relative measure) associated with national sociodemographic index...

Circadian rhythm is an internal timing system and harmonizes a variety of cellular, behavioral, and physiological processes to daily environment. Circadian disturbance caused by altered life style or disrupted sleep patterns inevitably contributes to various disorders. As the rapidly increased cancer occurrences and subsequent tremendous financial burdens, more researches focus on reducing the morbidity rather than treating it. Recently, many epidemiologic studies demonstrated that circadian disturbance was tightly related to the occurrence and development of cancers...

OBJECTIVE: To identify the causal role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition on three urological cancers. METHODS: Six single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with the expression level of SLC5A2, a proxy for SGLT2 inhibition, from a recent publication were extracted. Three common urological cancers, including bladder cancer, prostate cancer and kidney cancer, were analysed. The main cohort of bladder cancer was derived from UK Biobank (1279 cases and 372,016 controls)...

BACKGROUND: Cabozantinib, an oral multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated efficacy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). The association between toxicity and therapeutic effectiveness has been established with other TKIs. We investigated whether cabozantinib dose reductions, a surrogate for toxicity and adequate drug exposure, were associated with improved clinical outcomes in mRCC. METHODS: Employing the CKCis database, we analyzed patients treated with cabozantinib in the second line or later between 2011 to 2021...

BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need to identify a robust predictor for BCG response in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). We aimed to employ the Lasso regression model for the selection and construction of an index (BCGI) utilizing inflammation and nutrition indicators to predict the response to BCG therapy. METHODS: After acquiring the ethics approval, we searched the electric medical records in our institution and performed data screening...

BACKGROUND: Over the past 2 decades, there has been a growing interest in the significance of gender roles in healthcare and several efforts and initiatives have focused on increasing female representation in the medical field. Clinical trials play a very important role in shaping medical practice; moreover, the leaders of clinical trials often represent the upper echelon of researchers in any designated field. Presently, there is no data regarding women's representation in urological oncology clinical trials leadership...

BACKGROUND: Malignant ureteral obstruction (MUO) is a common condition that complicates the course of advanced malignancies. The aims of this study are to analyze the causes, management, and survival of patients with obstructive nephropathy due to malignant ureteric obstruction and to determine prognostic factors. Furthermore, we studied the complications and outcomes in patients who underwent urinary diversion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with computed tomography-confirmed MUO between January 2016 and November 2020...

INTRODUCTION: Obesity in prostate cancer survivors may increase mortality. Better characterization of this effect may allow better counseling on obesity as a targetable lifestyle factor to reduce mortality in prostate cancer survivors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pre- and post-diagnostic obesity and weight change affect all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease specific mortality, and prostate cancer specific mortality in patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer...

Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma (ACD-RCC) is a common subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The current systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the clinicopathological, and genetic characteristics of patients with ACD-RCC. A systematic search on three electronic databases including the Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were performed until December 31, 2022. A meta-analysis was performed following the PRISMA 2020 Guidelines...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare entity that is described in several organ systems. This comprehensive review aims to identify IMTs occurring at various genitourinary (GU) organ sites and describe patterns of clinical management in adult and pediatric patients. METHODS: A comprehensive search of PubMed and Web of Science was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and meta-analyses statement...

OBJECTIVE: To examine and interpret trends in UK cancer incidence and mortality for all cancers combined and for the most common cancer sites in adults aged 35-69 years. DESIGN: Retrospective secondary data analysis. DATA SOURCES: Cancer registration data, cancer mortality and national population data from the Office for National Statistics, Public Health Wales, Public Health Scotland, Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, NHS England, and the General Register Office for Northern Ireland...

BACKGROUND: An estimated 20% to 30% of men with advanced prostate cancer carry a mutation in DNA damage repair genes, of which half are estimated to be germline. Eligibility criteria for germline genetic testing expanded significantly for Ontario patients in May 2021 and many centers adopted a "mainstream" model, defined as oncologist-initiated genetic testing. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review to report on the first-year mainstream experience of a large tertiary oncologic center, the Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre...