keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441919/psychostimulant-medications-for-physical-function-and-spasticity-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-protocol-for-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mansour Alotaibi, Anwar B Almutairi, Saleh Alhirsan, Afrah Alkazemi, Maha Alharbi, Naif Alrashdi, Ahmad Taqi, Bibi Alamiri, Laura Vogtle, Mohammed M Alqahtani
BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent nonprogressive disorder that leads to impaired movement (ie, spasticity), posture, and balance, which affects functions such as walking and upper extremity tasks. Current medical treatments show efficacy in improving motor performance but have considerable side effects. Emerging off-label use of central nervous system (CNS) medications for improving motor performance has shown promising results in children with CP and other populations. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of methylphenidate (MPH) and modafinil on spasticity and motor performance in children with CP...
March 5, 2024: JMIR Research Protocols
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437060/self-reported-neurostimulant-use-among-university-students-in-santa-maria-rio-grande-do-sul-brazil
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcelo da Rosa Maia, Bruno Silveira Levy, Karstyn Kist Bakof, Jean Pierre Oses, Luis Ricardo Peroza, Carina Rodrigues Boeck
University students frequently resort to psychostimulants to enhance their physical and mental performance and manage academic pressures. However, these substances can lead to dependence and other undesired symptoms, and little empirical data are available for relevant stakeholders, raising significant concerns in health care. Therefore, this study aims to characterize neurostimulant use among university students in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We collected from 880 students' data using anonymous self-administration...
March 4, 2024: Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435721/neuroimmune-modulators-as-novel-pharmacotherapies-for-substance-use-disorders
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erica N Grodin
One promising avenue of research is the use of neuroimmune modulators to treat substance use disorders (SUDs). Neuroimmune modulators target the interactions between the nervous system and immune system, which have been found to play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of SUDs. Multiple classes of substances produce alterations to neuroimmune signaling and peripheral immune function, including alcohol, opioids, and psychostimulants Preclinical studies have shown that neuroimmune modulators can reduce drug-seeking behavior and prevent relapse in animal models of SUDs...
March 2024: Brain, behavior, & immunity health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433530/efficacy-and-safety-of-established-and-off-label-adhd-drug-therapies-for-cognitive-impairment-or-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-symptoms-in-bipolar-disorder-a-systematic-review-by-the-isbd-targeting-cognition-task-force
#24
REVIEW
Kamilla W Miskowiak, Zacharias K Obel, Riccardo Gugliemo, Caterina Del Mar Bonnin, Christopher R Bowie, Vicente Balanzá-Martínez, Katherine E Burdick, Andre F Carvalho, Annemieke Dols, Katie Douglas, Peter Gallagher, Lars V Kessing, Beny Lafer, Kathryn E Lewandowski, Carlos López-Jaramillo, Anabel Martinez-Aran, Roger S McIntyre, Richard J Porter, Scot E Purdon, Ayal Schaffer, Paul R A Stokes, Tomiki Sumiyoshi, Ivan J Torres, Tamsyn E Van Rheenen, Lakshmi N Yatham, Allan H Young, Eduard Vieta, Gregor Hasler
BACKGROUND: Abnormalities in dopamine and norepinephrine signaling are implicated in cognitive impairments in bipolar disorder (BD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This systematic review by the ISBD Targeting Cognition Task Force therefore aimed to investigate the possible benefits on cognition and/or ADHD symptoms and safety of established and off-label ADHD therapies in BD. METHODS: We included studies of ADHD medications in BD patients, which involved cognitive and/or safety measures...
March 3, 2024: Bipolar Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428507/the-impact-of-chronic-fentanyl-administration-on-the-cerebral-cortex-in-mice-molecular-and-histological-effects
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayman Alzu'bi, Worood Bani Baker, Bahaa Al-Trad, Mazhar Salim Al Zoubi, Manal Isam AbuAlArjah, Ejlal Abu-El-Rub, Lena Tahat, Ahmed Mnz Helaly, Doaa S Ghorab, Waseem El-Huneidi, Raed M Al-Zoubi
PURPOSE: Fentanyl, a fully synthetic opioid, is widely used for severe pain management and has a huge abuse potential for its psychostimulant effects. Unlike other opioids, the neurotoxic effects of chronic fentanyl administration are still unclear. In particular, little is known about its effect on the cerebral cortex. The current study aims to test the chronic toxicity of fentanyl in the mice model. METHODS: Adult male Balb/c mice were chronically treated with low (0...
February 28, 2024: Brain Research Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38404465/post-discharge-pharmacological-treatment-discontinuation-of-forensic-psychiatric-patients-in-sweden
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ebba Noland, Suvi Virtanen, Fia Klötz Logan, Zheng Chang, Mattias Strandh
INTRODUCTION: Most forensic psychiatric patients have chronic psychiatric disorders that require long-term pharmacological treatment even after discharge from care. However, the prevalence and correlates of post-discharge medication discontinuation in this patient group remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and correlates of post-discharge discontinuation of pharmacological treatment in forensic psychiatric patients in Sweden...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398282/moderate-to-vigorous-physical-activity-and-response-inhibition-predict-balance-in-adults-with-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mansour M Alotaibi, Robert W Motl, Despina Stavrinos, Scott W Snyder, Harshvardhan Singh, Donald H Lein
Background: Some evidence indicates that adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may have balance impairments. This study examined the associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), response inhibition (RI), and static balance in this population while off and on psychostimulant medication (PS). Methods: Participants ( n = 40; 30 females; M age = 29.0; SD = 6.3 years) wore an ActiGraph GT9X-link around their waist to estimate MVPA levels (minutes/day). To assess RI, participants completed the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) subtests Trail-Making Test (TMT) and Color-Word Interference Test (CWIT)...
February 8, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395705/erratum-to-effects-of-ambient-temperature-on-locomotor-activity-and-place-conditioning-elicited-by-abused-psychostimulants-in-mice-role-of-3-4-methylenedioxy-moiety-drug-alcohol-depend-250-2023-110917
#28
Brenda M Gannon, Lauren R Fitzgerald, Christopher O Godwin, Heidi D Hughes-Meredith, Kenner C Rice, William E Fantegrossi
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 23, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387741/orphan-gpr52-as-an-emerging-neurotherapeutic-target
#29
REVIEW
Saghir Ali, Pingyuan Wang, Ryan E Murphy, John A Allen, Jia Zhou
GPR52 is a highly conserved, brain-enriched, Gs/olf -coupled orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that controls various cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent physiological and pathological processes. Stimulation of GPR52 activity might be beneficial for the treatment of schizophrenia, psychiatric disorders and other human neurological diseases, whereas inhibition of its activity might provide a potential therapeutic approach for Huntington's disease. Excitingly, HTL0048149 (HTL'149), an orally available GPR52 agonist, has been advanced into phase I human clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia...
February 20, 2024: Drug Discovery Today
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387605/drug-poisoning-deaths-by-occupation-and-drug-type-massachusetts-2010-2019
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sahith Kaki, Devan Hawkins
OBJECTIVE: To investigate variation in drug poisoning mortality rates by drug type and occupation in Massachusetts. METHODS: Death certificates for deaths by drug poisonings occurring between 2010 and 2019 in Massachusetts were coded based on the decedent's occupation. Mortality rates and rate ratios (with all other occupations as the reference group) were calculated based on the occupation of the workers according to drug type. Poisson regression was used to determine significantly elevated mortality rates and trends in drug poisoning deaths by occupation and drug type...
February 22, 2024: Annals of Work Exposures and Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38384279/restoring-gaba-b-receptor-expression-in-the-ventral-tegmental-area-of-methamphetamine-addicted-mice-inhibits-locomotor-sensitization-and-drug-seeking-behavior
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Hleihil, Dietmar Benke
Repeated exposure to psychostimulants such as methamphetamine (METH) induces neuronal adaptations in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, including the ventral tegmental area (VTA). These changes lead to persistently enhanced neuronal activity causing increased dopamine release and addictive phenotypes. A factor contributing to increased dopaminergic activity in this system appears to be reduced GABA B receptor-mediated neuronal inhibition in the VTA. Dephosphorylation of serine 783 (Ser783) of the GABA B 2 subunit by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) appears to trigger the downregulation GABA B receptors in psychostimulant-addicted rodents...
2024: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379637/chronic-methylphenidate-effects-on-brain-gene-expression-an-exploratory-review
#32
REVIEW
Shannon Rae Klein, Kenneth Blum, Mark S Gold, Panayotis K Thanos
Methylphenidate (MP) is a psychostimulant commonly prescribed for individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but it is also taken with and without a prescription for performance enhancement. Prior research has characterized the effects of MP on behavior, cognition, and neurochemistry. This exploratory review covers the uses of MP and examined the effects of MP on gene expression in the brain following exposure. Overall, MP causes a wide-spread potentiation of genes, in a region-specific manner; consequently, inducing neuronal alterations, such as synaptic plasticity and transmission, resulting in observed behaviors and affects...
2024: Psychology Research and Behavior Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379383/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-and-psychostimulant-use-in-patients-seeking-dental-care-associations-with-common-orofacial-pain-complaints
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alberto Malacarne, Shruti Jain, Lena Barouxis, Bailey Walterscheid, Matthew Finkelman
BACKGROUND: Dental medicine should expand its scope to properly assess medical and psychosocial factors that might have an impact on patients' oral health. Based on previous literature and clinical experience, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and psychostimulant medications might represent factors associated with orofacial pain symptoms. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess whether common orofacial pain complaints such as jaw pain, jaw clicking, teeth clenching and headaches are more prevalent in dental patients who have an ADHD diagnosis and/or use psychostimulant medications...
February 20, 2024: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38357284/series-of-1-1-biphenyl-2-yl-methyl-sulfinylalkyl-alicyclic-amines-as-novel-and-high-affinity-atypical-dopamine-transporter-inhibitors-with-reduced-herg-activity
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Therese C Ku, Jianjing Cao, Sung Joon Won, Jiqing Guo, Gisela A Camacho-Hernandez, Amarachi V Okorom, Kristine Walloe Salomon, Kuo Hao Lee, Claus J Loland, Henry J Duff, Lei Shi, Amy Hauck Newman
Currently, there are no FDA-approved medications for the treatment of psychostimulant use disorders (PSUD). We have previously discovered "atypical" dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitors that do not display psychostimulant-like behaviors and may be useful as medications to treat PSUD. Lead candidates (e.g., JJC8-091, 1 ) have shown promising in vivo profiles in rodents; however, reducing hERG (human ether-à-go-go -related gene) activity, a predictor of cardiotoxicity, has remained a challenge. Herein, a series of 30 (([1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)methyl)sulfinylalkyl alicyclic amines was synthesized and evaluated for DAT and serotonin transporter (SERT) binding affinities...
February 9, 2024: ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38353028/n-isopropylbenzylamine-induced-conditioned-place-preference-sensitization-behaviour-and-self-administration-in-rodents
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miaojun Lai, Dan Fu, Xiangyu Li, Dingding Zhuang, Majie Wang, Zeming Xu, Huifen Liu, Haowei Shen, Peng Xu, Wenhua Zhou
N-Isopropylbenzylamine (N-ipb), a chain isomer of methamphetamine (METH) with similar physical properties, has been used as a substitute for METH in seized drug samples. However, the abuse potential of N-ipb remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the abuse potential of N-ipb in comparison to METH, by using conditioned place preference (CPP), locomotor sensitization and intravenous self-administration tests. The results showed that N-ipb at a dose of 3 mg·kg-1 significantly induced CPP in mice, which was comparable to the effect of METH at 1 mg·kg-1 ...
February 2024: Addiction Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38346894/different-effects-of-peer-sex-on-operant-responding-for-social-interaction-and-striatal-dopamine-activity
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan J Chow, Kayla M Pitts, Ansel Schoenbaum, Kauê M Costa, Geoffrey Schoenbaum, Yavin Shaham
When rats are given discrete choices between social interaction with a peer and opioid or psychostimulant drugs, they choose social interaction, even after extensive drug self-administration experience. Studies show that like drug and non-drug food reinforcers, social interaction is an operant reinforcer and induces dopamine release. However, these studies were conducted with same-sex peers. We examined if peer-sex influences operant social interaction and the role of estrous cycle and striatal dopamine in same- vs...
February 12, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38338224/third-generation-antipsychotics-and-lurasidone-in-the-treatment-of-substance-induced-psychoses-a-narrative-review
#37
REVIEW
Valerio Ricci, Domenico De Berardis, Giuseppe Maina
This narrative review explores the efficacy and tolerability of third-generation antipsychotics (TGAs)-aripiprazole, cariprazine, brexpiprazole, and lurasidone-for the management of substance-induced psychosis (SIP). SIP is a psychiatric condition triggered by substance misuse or withdrawal, characterized by unique features distinct from those of primary psychotic disorders. These distinctive features include a heightened prevalence of positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, in addition to a spectrum of mood and cognitive disturbances...
January 29, 2024: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336285/assessment-of-lisdexamfetamine-on-executive-function-in-rats-a-translational-cognitive-research
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chen Jian-Min, Wang Zhi-Yuan, Liu Ke, Zhang Cheng, Wu Shi-Xuan, Cao Yi-Wei, Lu Guan-Yi, Song Rui, Zhuang Xiao-Mei, Li Jin, Wu Ning
Executive function, including working memory, attention and inhibitory control, is crucial for decision making, thinking and planning. Lisdexamfetamine, the prodrug of d-amphetamine, has been approved for treating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and binge eating disorder, but whether it improves executive function under non-disease condition, as well as the underlying pharmacokinetic and neurochemical properties, remains unclear. Here, using trial unique non-matching to location task and five-choice serial reaction time task of rats, we found lisdexamfetamine (p...
April 2024: Experimental Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38332648/restoration-of-norepinephrine-release-cognitive-performance-and-dendritic-spines-by-amphetamine-in-aged-rat-brain
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Serena Scognamiglio, Yousef M Aljohani, Thao T Olson, Patrick A Forcelli, Ghazaul Dezfuli, Kenneth J Kellar
Age-related dysfunctions in specific neurotransmitter systems likely play an important role in cognitive decline even in its most subtle forms. Therefore, preservation or improvement of cognition via augmentation of neurotransmission is a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent further cognitive deficits. Here we identified a particular neuronal vulnerability in the aged Fischer 344 rat brain, an animal model of neurocognitive aging. Specifically, we demonstrated a marked impairment in glutamate-stimulated release of norepinephrine (NE) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of aged rats, and established that this release was mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors...
February 8, 2024: Aging Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38327043/investigating-variations-in-medicine-approvals-for-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-a-cross-country-document-analysis-comparing-drug-labeling
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laila Tanana, Asam Latif, Prasad S Nishtala, Timothy F Chen
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the approval of medicines for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for pediatric patients across five countries. METHOD: A document analysis was completed, using the drug labeling for ADHD medicines from five countries; United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and United States (US). Comparisons of available formulations and approval information for ADHD medicine use in pediatric patients were made. RESULTS: The US had the highest number of approved medicines and medicine forms across the studied countries (29 medicine forms for 10 approved medicines)...
February 7, 2024: Journal of Attention Disorders
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