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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yen-Jen Chen, Ming-Che Chang, Kai-Ming Jhang, Wen-Fu Wang, Yi-Cheng Liao
BACKGROUND: To compare short-term cognitive outcomes among groups with and without neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) or antipsychotic prescription and to determine which disease status or treatment modality is associated with relatively faster cognitive decline. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a prospective cohort of patients diagnosed with dementia and mild cognitive impairment. All participants were evaluated using the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) during their initial clinical assessments and at the annual follow-up...
2024: Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shidong Zhai, Haolin Li, Shuaibing Zhu, Jun Ma
Rumors spread among the crowd have an impact on media influence, while media influence also has an impact on rumor dissemination. This article constructs a two-layer rumor media interaction network model, in which the rumors spread in the crowd are described using the susceptibility-apathy-propagation-recovery model, and the media influence is described using the corresponding flow model. The rationality of the model is studied, and then a detailed analysis of the model is conducted. In the simulation section, we undertake a sensitivity analysis of the crucial parameters within our model, focusing particularly on their impact on the basic reproduction number...
April 1, 2024: Chaos
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeffrey Cummings, Krista Lanctot, George Grossberg, Clive Ballard
IMPORTANCE: Neuropsychiatric syndromes (NPSs) are common in neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs); compromise the quality of life of patients and their care partners; and are associated with faster disease progression, earlier need for nursing home care, and poorer quality of life. Advances in translational pharmacology, clinical trial design and conduct, and understanding of the pathobiology of NDDs are bringing new therapies to clinical care. OBSERVATIONS: Consensus definitions have evolved for psychosis, agitation, apathy, depression, and disinhibition in NDDs...
April 1, 2024: JAMA Neurology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Filippo Queirazza, Jonathan Cavanagh, Marios G Philiastides, Rajeev Krishnadas
BACKGROUND: Altered neural haemodynamic activity during decision making and learning has been linked to the effects of inflammation on mood and motivated behaviours. So far, it has been reported that blunted mesolimbic dopamine reward signals are associated with inflammation-induced anhedonia and apathy. Nonetheless, it is still unclear whether inflammation impacts neural activity underpinning decision dynamics. The process of decision making involves integration of noisy evidence from the environment until a critical threshold of evidence is reached...
March 29, 2024: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rishabh Gupta, Jeffrey W Chen, Natasha C Hughes, Mohammad Hamo, Samuel Jean-Baptiste, Danika L Paulo, Hani Chanbour, Run Fan, Fei Ye, Abhiram Vadali, Anthony Cmelak, Sarah K Bick
OBJECTIVE: Anterior capsulotomy (AC) is a therapeutic option for patients with severe, treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The procedure can be performed via multiple techniques, with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) gaining popularity because of its minimally invasive nature. The risk-benefit profile of AC performed specifically with SRS has not been well characterized. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to characterize outcomes following stereotactic radiosurgical AC in OCD patients...
March 29, 2024: Journal of Neurosurgery
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stina Saunders, Fasih Haider, Craig W Ritchie, Graciela Muniz Terrera, Saturnino Luz
INTRODUCTION: There is emerging evidence that speech may be a potential indicator and manifestation of early Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Therefore, the University of Edinburgh and Sony Research have partnered to create the Speech for Intelligent cognition change tracking and DEtection of Alzheimer's Disease (SIDE-AD) study, which aims to develop digital speech-based biomarkers for use in neurodegenerative disease. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: SIDE-AD is an observational longitudinal study, collecting samples of spontaneous speech...
March 28, 2024: BMJ Open
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alyssa A Lombardi, Maura Sammon, Kraftin E Schreyer
INTRODUCTION: Scurvy is caused by vitamin C deficiency and manifests with a variety of symptoms including generalized fatigue, apathy, anemia, myalgias, easy bruising, and poor wound healing. It is generally thought of as a disease of the past, especially in developed countries. However, vitamin C deficiency still occurs, especially in patients with lack of access to fruits and vegetables. Other micronutrient deficiencies, including vitamin D deficiency, are also prevalent and can cause a multitude of signs and symptoms including osteomalacia, muscle weakness, and increased risk of many chronic illnesses...
February 2024: Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Peng, Yalu Zhang, Qin Ling, Liang Zhu, Hanhui Yao
BACKGROUND Pyloric obstruction after dichlorvos poisoning causes repeated vomiting and inability to eat. Choledocholithiasis and cholelithiasis are the common digestive diseases, with high morbidity and relapse in elderly patients. However, the complex situation of these diseases' coexistence is a clinically intractable problem, and literature on selecting optimal surgical planning is scarce. CASE REPORT A thin 79-year-old woman took dichlorvos due to family conflicts. She improved after being urgently sent to local hospital for gastric lavage and detoxification...
March 27, 2024: American Journal of Case Reports
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No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 1, 2024: International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eva Q Gontrum, Emily W Paolillo, Shannon Lee, Valentina Diaz, Alexander Ehrenberg, Rowan Saloner, Nidhi S Mundada, Renaud La Joie, Gil Rabinovici, Joel H Kramer, Kaitlin Casaletto
INTRODUCTION: We comprehensively evaluated how self- and informant-reported neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) differentially associated with cerebral amyloid-beta (Aβ) PET levels in older adults without dementia. METHODS: 221 participants (48% female, age=73.4y±8.4, CDR=0 [n=184] or 0.5 [n=37]) underwent an Aβ-PET scan (Florbetapir or PIB), comprehensive neuropsychological testing, and self-reported (Geriatric Depression Scale- 30 item), and informant-reported interview (Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire) of NPS...
March 21, 2024: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mansur A Kutlubaev, Daria K Areprintseva, Ratko Radakovic, Ekaterina V Pervushina
BACKGROUND: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative condition with observable cognitive and behavioral impairment. The Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral ALS Screen (ECAS) is a tool developed specifically for people with ALS (pwALS) and previously translated into Russian, but the psychometric properties have not yet been explored. The aim was to explore and determine the psychometric properties of the Russian-version of ECAS (ECAS-R). METHODS: 56 Russian speaking pwALS, 32 of their caregivers and 26 healthy controls were recruited for the study...
March 20, 2024: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miklós Bély, Ágnes Apáthy
Introduction: Apatite rheumatism (AR), chondrocalcinosis (Ch-C), and primary synovial chondromatosis (prSynCh) are regarded as distinct clinical entities. The introduction of the non-staining technique by Bély and Apáthy (2013) opened a new era in the microscopic diagnosis of crystal induced diseases, allowing the analysis of MSU (monosodium urate monohydrate) HA (calcium hydroxyapatite), CPPD (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate) crystals, cholesterol, crystalline liquid lipid droplets, and other crystals in unstained sections of conventionally proceeded (aqueous formaldehyde fixed, paraffin-embedded) tissue samples...
2024: Pathology Oncology Research: POR
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Kapustin, Shankar Tumati, Melissa Wong, Nathan Herrmann, Roger A Dixon, Dallas Seitz, Mark J Rapoport, Krista L Lanctôt
BACKGROUND: Apathy and depression are common neuropsychiatric symptoms across neurodegenerative disorders and are associated with impairment in several cognitive domains, yet little is known about the influence of sex on these relationships. OBJECTIVES: We examined the relationship between these symptoms with neuropsychological performance across a combined cohort with mild or major neurodegenerative disorders, then evaluated the impact of sex. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We conducted a cohort analysis of participants in the COMPASS-ND study with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), vascular MCI, Alzheimer's disease, mixed dementia, Parkinson's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and cognitively unimpaired (CU) controls...
March 2024: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yejin Lee, Marjorie L Nicholas, Lisa Tabor Connor
Previous studies have stated that both objective and subjective cognitive abilities and mental health symptoms are associated with community participation poststroke. However, there is a need to understand the direct and indirect associations among these variables in persons with stroke. The objective of this study was to investigate whether mental health symptoms mediate the associations of subjective and objective cognitive abilities with community participation poststroke. We built regression-based mediation models with 74 participants with mild to moderate stroke...
March 17, 2024: OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Neda Rashidi-Ranjbar, Nathan W Churchill, Sandra E Black, Sanjeev Kumar, Maria C Tartaglia, Morris Freedman, Anthony Lang, Thomas D L Steeves, Richard H Swartz, Gustavo Saposnik, Dametrios Sahlas, Paula McLaughlin, Sean Symons, Stephen Strother, Bruce G Pollock, Tarek K Rajji, Miracle Ozzoude, Brian Tan, Stephen R Arnott, Robert Bartha, Michael Borrie, Mario Masellis, Stephen H Pasternak, Andrew Frank, Dallas Seitz, Zahinoor Ismail, David F Tang-Wai, Leanne K Casaubon, Jennifer Mandzia, Mandar Jog, Christopher J M Scott, Dar Dowlatshahi, Ayman Hassan, David Grimes, Connie Marras, Mojdeh Zamyadi, David G Munoz, Joel Ramirez, Courtney Berezuk, Melissa Holmes, Corinne E Fischer, Tom A Schweizer
OBJECTIVES: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) increase risk of developing dementia and are linked to various neurodegenerative conditions, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI due to Alzheimer's disease [AD]), cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). We explored the structural neural correlates of NPS cross-sectionally and longitudinally across various neurodegenerative diagnoses. METHODS: The study included individuals with MCI due to AD, (n = 74), CVD (n = 143), and PD (n = 137) at baseline, and at 2-years follow-up (MCI due to AD, n = 37, CVD n = 103, and PD n = 84)...
March 2024: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cappellini Iacopo, Nuti Chiara, Di Stefano Matteo, Zamidei Lucia, Campiglia Laura, Consales Guglielmo
OBJECTIVES: Dehumanization refers to the practice of treating patients as objects rather than individuals with dignity and respect. METHODS: This study explores dehumanization in healthcare, specifically mechanistic dehumanization and self-dehumanization, which can result in poor care and negative outcomes. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using a dehumanization questionnaire given to 324 nurses in various departments. The study took place at ANONYMIZED, from September to November 2022...
February 2024: Applied Nursing Research: ANR
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REVIEW
Efthalia Angelopoulou, Christos Koros, Alexandros Hatzimanolis, Leonidas Stefanis, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Sokratis G Papageorgiou
The clinical features and pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) in dementia have been extensively studied. However, the genetic architecture and underlying neurobiological mechanisms of NPSs at preclinical stages of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain largely unknown. Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) represents an at-risk state for incident cognitive impairment and is defined by the emergence of persistent NPSs among non-demented individuals in later life. These NPSs include affective dysregulation, decreased motivation, impulse dyscontrol, abnormal perception and thought content, and social inappropriateness...
February 24, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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REVIEW
Nilay Soni, Indrani Kar, Jadav Dhruvkumar Narendrasinh, Sanjay Kumar Shah, Lohini Konathala, Nadine Mohamed, Meet Popatbhai Kachhadia, Mitul Hareshkumar Chaudhary, Vyapti A Dave, Lakshya Kumar, Leeda Ahmadi, Varshitha Golla
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious health issue that has a significant social and economic impact worldwide. One of the key aetiological signs of the disease is a gradual reduction in cognitive function and irreversible neuronal death. According to a 2019 global report, more than 5.8 million people in the United States (USA) alone have received an AD diagnosis, with 45% of those people falling into the 75-84 years age range. According to the predictions, there will be 15 million affected people in the USA by 2050 due to the disease's steadily rising patient population...
March 2024: Annals of Medicine and Surgery
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sumiyo Umeda, Hideki Kanemoto, Maki Suzuki, Tamiki Wada, Takashi Suehiro, Kyosuke Kakeda, Yoshitaka Nakatani, Yuto Satake, Maki Yamakawa, Fuyuki Koizumi, Daiki Taomoto, Sakura Hikida, Natsuho Hirakawa, Andrew Sommerlad, Gill Livingston, Mamoru Hashimoto, Kenji Yoshiyama, Manabu Ikeda
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to psychometrically evaluate and validate a Japanese version of the Social Functioning in Dementia scale (SF-DEM-J) and investigate changes in social function in people with dementia during the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. DESIGN: We interviewed people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia and their caregivers during June 2020-March 2021 to validate patient- and caregiver-rated SF-DEM-J and compared their scores at baseline (April 2020 to May 2020) and at 6-8 months (January 2021 to March 2021) during a time of tighter COVID-19 restrictions...
March 11, 2024: International Psychogeriatrics
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Pfetzing, Andreas Bernhard, Christian Bauer, Florian Hansmann
BACKGROUND: The raccoon roundworm, Baylisascaris procyonis, can cause a meningoencephalitis as neural larva migrans which is known in avian species, including rainbow lorikeets in North America, but has not been described in Old World parrots in Germany yet. CASE PRESENTATION: A 2-month-old, male rainbow lorikeet from a zoo in Germany was submitted for necropsy. Prior to death the animal had progressive neurological signs like apathy and torticollis. In the cerebrum a focally extensive severe granulomatous to necrotizing encephalitis with an intralesional larval nematode was diagnosed...
March 8, 2024: BMC Veterinary Research
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