Bones

The Sr/Ca and 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios are used as natural indicators (geomarkers) in fish to reveal migratory patterns, due to significant relationships between these ratios measured in the water and in the fish calcified structures (otoliths, bones). The aim of this study was to assess the potential use of the Limnoperna fortunei shell as a proxy for monitoring the spatial and temporal variability of Sr/Ca and 87 Sr/86 Sr in water. These ratios were compared in water samples and bivalve shells proceeding from eight sites of four hydrogeological regions of the La Plata Basin (Argentina and Uruguay), collected in two hydrological periods (winter and summer) in order to depict the pattern of geographical and temporal variability and to evaluate the relationship between both matrices...

PURPOSE: Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is the cornerstone of high-quality care for older adults. There is no current gold standard to guide what should be included as the baseline measure for CGAs. We examined what metrics are being captured in CGA baseline assessments completed by community based integrated care teams in Ireland. METHODS: CGA's care pathways in Ireland are usually initiated with a written document that establish patients baseline in various assessment areas...

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common degenerative articular disorder and is one of the main causes of pain and functional disability. Cartilage damage is frequently linked to elevated osteoarthritis incidence. Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2 ) decellularized cartilage graft produced from the porcine cartilage is an ideal candidate for cartilage tissue engineering. In the present study, we derived collagen type II (Col II) solution from the scCO2 decellularized porcine cartilage graft (dPCG) and compared its efficacy with hyaluronic acid (HA) in the surgical medial meniscectomy (MNX) induced post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) model...

OBJECTIVE: Radium-223 (Ra-223) is an important treatment modality for bone-dominant metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, there is currently a lack of effective markers to monitor treatment response during treatment. We aim to investigate the response in prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT) as a potential marker for assessing Ra-223 treatment in mCRPC patients. METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from mCRPC patients who underwent radium treatment at our institution between August 2020 and June 2023...

UNLABELLED: Reports addressing the effects of oily fish intake on bone health are inconsistent. This study shows that consumption of ≥ 5.2 oily fish servings/week (728 g) is associated with lower prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis in elderly women of Amerindian ancestry. Results suggest a beneficial effect of oily fish intake in this population. OBJECTIVES: Oily fish is a major dietary source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and other nutrients that may have a positive effect on bone health...

Dirofilaria immitis is a mosquito-borne nematode-causing canine heartworm disease, with adult worms localized in the pulmonary arteries and right heart. In rare cases, ectopic migration might occur, and adults and blood circulating microfilariae can be found in unusual organs or fluids (e.g., eyes, abdominal cavity, bone marrow, and urine). A 17-year-old mixed-breed female dog was presented in a private veterinary clinic in Italy for hematuria and dysuria. Physical examination showed cardiac mitral murmur with marked respiratory distress and cyanotic mucous membranes after handling...

RATIONALE: Patients with schizophrenia with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) treatment have shown an increased risk of bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture; however, it is still unclear whether this risk is derived from the effect of antipsychotics on balance of bone metabolism. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the changes of two bone turnover biomarkers (BTMs) concentrations in people with schizophrenia receiving SGAs: procollagen type I aminoterminal propeptide (PINP) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1) as BTMs of osteogenesis and bone resorption, respectively, to explore how antipsychotics contribute to bone fragility...

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Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a common, benign bone tumor. However, there are no case reports of OO associated with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), or pathological fractures in OO. A 3-year-old girl with OI sustained a complete right tibial diaphyseal fracture. Bony fusion was completed after 4 months of conservative therapy; nevertheless, 18 months later spontaneous pain appeared at the fracture site, without any cause. Plain radiographs showed a newly apparent, rounded area of translucency 1 cm in diameter, just overlapping the previous fracture...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in placental development and fetal growth. METHODS: We employed the Cre-loxP recombination system to establish a placenta-specific HMGB1 knockout mouse model. Breeding HMGB1flox/flox mice with Elf5-Cre mice facilitated the knockout, leveraging Elf5 expression in extra-embryonic ectoderm, ectoplacental cone, and trophoblast giant cells at 12.5 days of embryonic development...

Craniosynostosis refers to the premature fusion of one or more of the fibrous cranial sutures connecting the bones of the skull. Machine learning (ML) is an emerging technology and its application to craniosynostosis detection and management is underexplored. This systematic review aims to evaluate the application of ML techniques in the diagnosis, severity assessment, and predictive modeling of craniosynostosis. A comprehensive search was conducted on the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using predefined keywords related to craniosynostosis and ML...

UNLABELLED: Type 2 diabetic osteoporosis (T2DOP) has received increasing attention from researchers. In this study, a total of 453 publications related to T2DOP from 2013 to 2022 were analyzed using bibliometric and visual analysis to identify the research trends and research hotspots in the field of T2DOP. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of T2DOP-related publications from 2013 to 2022 to determine global research trends in T2DOP in terms of number of publications, countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, funding agencies, and keywords...

The treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unsatisfactory, owing to the absence of efficacious therapy regimens over decades. However, advances in molecular biology, including inhibiting the CXCR4/CXCL12 biological axis, have introduced novel therapeutic options for AML. Additionally, self-stimulated phototherapy can solve the poor light penetration from external sources, and it will overcome the limitation that traditional phototherapy cannot be applied to the treatment of AML. Herein, we designed and manufactured a self-stimulated photodynamic nanoreactor to enhance antileukemia efficacy and suppress leukemia recurrence and metastasis in AML mouse models...

The treatment of diabetic periodontitis poses a significant challenge due to the presence of local inflammation characterized by excessive glucose concentration, bacterial infection, and high oxidative stress. Herein, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are embellished with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and loaded with manganese carbonyl to prepare a carbon monoxide (CO) enhanced multienzyme cooperative hybrid nanoplatform (MSN-Au@CO). The Glucose-like oxidase activity of Au NPs catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and gluconic acid，and then converts H2 O2 to hydroxyl radicals (•OH) by peroxidase-like activity to destroy bacteria...

Using an Ig H chain conferring specificity for N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc), we developed transgenic (VHHGAC39 TG) mice to study the role of self-antigens in GlcNAc-reactive B-1 B cell development. In VHHGAC39 TG mice, GlcNAc-reactive B-1 B cell development during ontogeny and in adult bone marrow was normal. However, adult TG mice exhibited a block at transitional-2 immature B cell stages, resulting in impaired allelic exclusion and accumulation of a B cell subset coexpressing endogenous Ig gene rearrangements...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Prevertebral soft-tissue swelling (PSTS) after anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF) is known to be influenced by several factors. We considered the effect of lateral deviation on the traction force and attempted to find a relationship with the PSTS. This study was designed to evaluate the preoperative lateral deviation of the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage and its effect on PSTS, airway collapse, and clinical outcomes after ACDF. METHODS: Preoperative lateral deviations of the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage at the superior cornu and inferior cornu were measured...

Articular cartilage defects are a global challenge, causing substantial disability. Repairing large defects is problematic, often exceeding cartilage's self-healing capacity and damaging bone structures. To tackle this problem, we develop a scaffold-mediated therapeutic ion delivery system. These scaffolds are constructed from poly(ε-caprolactone) and strontium (Sr)-doped bioactive nanoglasses (SrBGn), creating a unique hierarchical structure featuring macro-pores from 3D printing, micro-pores, and nano-topologies due to SrBGn integration...

Osseointegration is defined as the direct deposition of bone onto biomaterial devices, most commonly composed from titanium, for the purpose of anchoring dental prostheses. The use of autologous platelet concentrates (APC) has the potential to enhance this process by modifying the interface between the host and the surface of the titanium implant. The rationale is to modify the implant surface and implant-bone interface via "biomimicry," a process whereby the deposition of the host's own proteins and extracellular matrix enhances the biocompatibility of the implant and hence accelerates the osteogenic healing process...

INTRODUCTION: Central precocious puberty (CPP) is a prevalent endocrine disorder. Research has indicated that pubertal development is linked to nutritional metabolism. Irisin, a novel myokine/adipokine, has been identified as a potential predictor of CPP in girls. This study aims to examine the relationship between serum irisin levels and CPP in boys. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure serum irisin levels in 32 boys diagnosed with CPP and 33 prepubertal age-matched boys as normal controls (NC)...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of simple bone grafting and bone grafting combined with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in periodontal regenerative therapy. METHODS: The authors systematically searched PubMed, the Web of Science, The National Library of Medicine, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database and the Wanfang database and collected randomized controlled trials relating to bone graft co-guided tissue regeneration...