顱薦治療

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BACKGROUND: Bag-Mask Ventilation (BMV) is a crucial skill in managing emergency airway situations and induction of general anesthesia. Ensuring proficient BMV execution is imperative for healthcare providers. Various techniques exist for performing BMV. This study aims to compare the quality of ventilation achieved using the E/C technique, Thenar Eminence (T/E) technique and a novel approach referred to as the hook technique. The goal is to identify the most effective single-person BMV method...

BACKGROUND: Several types of transfusion-related registries have been developed to improve patient outcomes and blood banks. In Korea, a transfusion program functioning as a blood group antibody database and a reference laboratory has been in operation since July 2013. This study was conducted to determine the current status of blood group antigens and antibodies in Korea and propose a model for registries in the field of transfusion medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cases with unexpected red cell antibodies were registered online in the voluntary transfusion registry...

In comparison with the research of transition-metal-tetrel complexes, the chemistry of lanthanide tetrel complexes, especially for these bearing heavier tetrel element ligands, is still relatively underexplored. In this research, K[Cp3 Ln(III)CH2 Ph], [(DME)3 Li][Cp3 Ln(III)GePh3 ], and [(DME)3 Li][Cp3 Ln(III)SnPh3 ] [Ln(III) = La(III), Ce(III)] have been synthesized by reacting [(DME)3 Na][Cp3 La( μ -Cl)LaCp3 ] or Cp3 Ce(THF) with alkali metal alkyl, germyl, and stannyl reagents. Additionally, [(DME)3 Li][Cp3 Ce(III)SnPh3 ] is the first example of Ce(III)-Sn bond containing complex...

For thousands of years, dogs have coexisted with humans and have been adopted as companion pets and working animals. The communication between humans and dogs has improved their coexistence and socialization; however, due to the nature of their activities, dogs and humans occasionally lose face-to-face contact. The purpose of this scoping review is to examine five essential aspects of current technology designed to support intentional communication between humans and dogs in scenarios where there is no face-to-face contact: (1) the technologies used, (2) the activity supported, (3) the interaction modality, (4) the evaluation procedures, and the results obtained, and (5) the main limitations...

Dinitrogen (N2) activation and functionalization is of fundamental interest and practical importance. This review focuses on N2 activation and addition to unsaturated substrates, including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, heteroallenes, aldehydes, ketones, acid halides, nitriles, alkynes, and allenes, mediated by transition metal complexes, which afforded a variety of N-C bond formation products. Emphases are placed on the reaction modes and mechanisms. We hope that this work would stimulate further explorations in this challenging field...

The reactivities of o -carborane-fused silylenes toward molecules with C≡E (E = C, P) bonds are reported. The reactions of bis(silylene) [(LSi:)C]2 B10 H10 ( 1a , L = PhC(N t Bu)2 ) with arylalkynes afforded bis(silylium) carborane adducts 2 and 3 , showing a Si(μ-C2 )Si structure with an open-cage nido -carborane backbone. In contrast, the reaction of 1a with a phosphaalkyne AdC≡P (Ad = 1-adamantyl) smoothly furnished compound 4 , comprising fused CPSi rings with a C=Si double bond and Si-Si single bond, and the related formation mechanism was investigated by DFT calculations...

A diglyme solution of Na[cyclo-P5] (1) reacts with alkynes and the isolobal nitriles and phosphaalkynes to afford the otherwise elusive (aza)phospholide anions 2a-c, 4a,b, and 6. The reaction of Na[cyclo-P5] with alkynes and nitriles was studied by means of DFT methods, which suggest a concerted mechanism for the formation of 2a and 4b. The anions 2a-c, 4a,b, and 6 coordinate in an η5-fashion towards Fe(II) to give the sandwich (aza)phosphametallocenes 3a-c, 5a,b and 7 in moderate to good yields. The new compounds were characterized by means of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry...

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Sepsis is a common and potentially lethal syndrome, and early recognition is critical to prevent deterioration. Yet, currently available scores to facilitate recognition of sepsis lack prognostic accuracy. OBJECTIVE: To identify the optimal time-point to determine NEWS, qSOFA and SIRS for the prediction of clinical deterioration in early sepsis and to determine whether the change in these scores over time improves their prognostic accuracy...

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INTRODUCTION: To determine if electrolyte or carbohydrate supplementation vs. water would limit the magnitude of dehydration and decline in cognitive function in humans following long-duration hyperthermic-exercise. METHODS: 24 subjects performed 3 visits of 2 h walking (3mph/7% grade) in an environmental chamber (33 °C/10% relative humidity). In random order, subjects consumed water (W), electrolytes (Gatorade Zero; E), or electrolytes+carbohydrates (Gatorade; E+C)...

In this article, a synthesis of N '-(benzylidene)-2-(6-methyl-1 H -pyrazolo[3,4- b ]quinolin-1-yl)acetohydrazides and their structural interpretation by NMR experiments is described in an attempt to explain the duplication of some peaks in their 1 H- and 13 C-NMR spectra. Twenty new 6-methyl-1 H -pyrazolo[3,4- b ]quinoline substituted N -acylhydrazones 6 ( a - t ) were synthesized from 2-chloro-6-methylquinoline-3-carbaldehyde ( 1 ) in four steps. 2-Chloro-6-methylquinoline-3-carbaldehyde (1) afforded 6-methyl-1 H -pyrazolo[3,4- b ]quinoline ( 2 ), which upon N -alkylation yielded 2-(6-methyl-1 H -pyrazolo[3,4- b ]quinolin-1-yl)acetate ( 3 )...

INTRODUCTION: Cushing's disease (CD) is a rare and severe endocrine disease characterized by hypercortisolemia. Previous studies have found structural brain alterations in remitted CD patients compared to healthy controls, specifically in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). However, potential mechanisms through which these persistent alterations may have occurred are currently unknown. METHODS: Structural 3T MRI's from 25 remitted CD patients were linked with gene expression data from neurotypical donors, derived from the Allen Human Brain Atlas...

Levels of sociability are continuously distributed in the general population, and decreased sociability represents an early manifestation of several brain disorders. Here, we investigated the genetic underpinnings of sociability in the population. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of a sociability score based on four social functioning-related self-report questions from 342,461 adults in the UK Biobank. Subsequently we performed gene-wide and functional follow-up analyses. Robustness analyses were performed in the form of GWAS split-half validation analyses, as well as analyses excluding neuropsychiatric cases...

Understanding the charge transport mechanisms in chirality-selected single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks and the influence of network parameters is essential for further advances of their optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications. Here, we report on charge density and temperature-dependent field-effect mobility and on-chip field-effect-modulated Seebeck coefficient measurements of polymer-sorted monochiral small-diameter (6,5) (0.76 nm) and mixed large-diameter SWCNT (1.17-1.55 nm) networks (plasma torch nanotubes, RN) with different network densities and length distributions...

Social withdrawal is an early and common feature of psychiatric disorders. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis activation through increased salivary cortisol (sC) and sympathetic activation through increased salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) may play a role. We aimed to study whether the link between increased sC and sAA on the one hand and depression on the other hand is mediated by social withdrawal. In this cross-sectional, observational study, sC and sAA measures were measured in seven saliva samples in 843 participants (231 psychiatric patients and 612 healthy controls)...

An improvement in photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficiency against a human gastric cancer cell line (MKN45) with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and lanthanide nanoparticles (LNPs) is described. An endogenous photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX, biosynthesized from ALA and selectively accumulated in cancer cells, is sensitizable by the visible lights emitted from up-conversion LNPs, which can be excited by a near-infrared light. Ten kinds of surface modifications were performed on LNPs, NaYF₄(Sc/Yb/Er) and NaYF₄(Yb/Tm), in an aim to distribute these irradiation light sources near cancer cells...

BACKGROUND: We examined whether sympathetic nervous system activity influences hypertension status and systolic blood pressure (SBP) independent of adiposity in youth ranging from normal-weight to severe obesity. METHODS: We examined the association of heart rate variability (HRV) with hypertension status and SBP among youth (6-18 y old; n = 188; 103 female). Seated SBP was measured using an automated cuff. Prehypertension (SBP percentile ≥ 90th to <95th) and hypertension (SBP percentile ≥ 95th) were defined by age-, sex-, and height-norms...

BACKGROUND: The AVERT(TM) Contrast Modulation System (AVERT) (Osprey Medical, MN) is designed to reduce contrast volume administration during angiography. The AVERT provides an adjustable resistance circuit which decreases the pressure head delivering contrast towards the patient. The AVERT has not been previously studied in patients undergoing peripheral digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The purpose of this study was (1) to evaluate contrast savings with the AVERT and (2) to evaluate the ability to generate clinically acceptable DSA images in the process...

The αβTCR was recently revealed to function as a mechanoreceptor. That is, it leverages mechanical energy generated during immune surveillance and at the immunological synapse to drive biochemical signaling following ligation by a specific foreign peptide-MHC complex (pMHC). Here, we review the structural features that optimize this transmembrane (TM) receptor for mechanotransduction. Specialized adaptations include (1) the CβFG loop region positioned between Vβ and Cβ domains that allosterically gates both dynamic T cell receptor (TCR)-pMHC bond formation and lifetime; (2) the rigid super β-sheet amalgams of heterodimeric CD3εγ and CD3εδ ectodomain components of the αβTCR complex; (3) the αβTCR subunit connecting peptides linking the extracellular and TM segments, particularly the oxidized CxxC motif in each CD3 heterodimeric subunit that facilitates force transfer through the TM segments and surrounding lipid, impacting cytoplasmic tail conformation; and (4) quaternary changes in the αβTCR complex that accompany pMHC ligation under load...